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47-470: The former palace complex is located in the cadastral area of Nieder-Ingelheim , 15 km west of Mainz , in district "Im Saal". It is located at a slope with a view of the Rhine plains. Impressive remains of the buildings of the palace have been preserved above ground to this day. The greater part of the complex is located foundation under ground and archaeological excavations have been able to reconstruct

94-580: A Hoftag , but the Palace of Aachen had now become his “favorite palace” because the hot springs there relieved his rheumatism. Ingelheim was visited much more often by his son, Louis the Pious , and there is evidence of it ten times between 817 and 840. Under him, the Ingelheim Pfalz was used for five imperial assemblies and four high-ranking embassy receptions as well as at least one church synod. In

141-586: A Great District-Bound Town ( Große kreisangehörige Stadt – a status deriving from the Rhineland-Palatinate Municipal Order) and the seat of district administration for Mainz-Bingen . Furthermore, Ingelheim harbours the business Boehringer Ingelheim which is active worldwide. In 2004, 36% of Ingelheim's inhabitants belonged to the Lutheran faith, and 34% were Catholic , while 24% were without any religious faith; from 2% of

188-848: A House of Youth ( Haus der Jugend , although this is soon to become a shopping centre and will be replaced with another House of Youth) and a Mehrgenerationshaus . Regional Rhenish-Hessian specialities are asparagus and morello cherries (a cultivar of sour cherries ). The Autobahn A 60 runs through the municipal area and has two interchanges there. Bundesstraße 41 ends in Ingelheim. The Autobahnen A 61 and A 63 lie right nearby. Frankfurt Airport can be reached by Autobahn in roughly 30 minutes. Frankfurt-Hahn Airport can be reached in roughly 50 minutes by Autobahnen A 60 and A 61 or Bundesstraße 50. A Bus to Hahn can be caught in Mainz Ingelheim lies on

235-534: A demonstrative model of the once imposing building. Remnants of the Imperial Palace can be seen right near the museum. Of Europe-wide importance is the golden solidus found in 1996, which is hitherto still the only gold coin ever found struck with Charlemagne's effigy. There is in Ingelheim a well-developed carnival culture, which admittedly is very much under the Mainz carnival ’s influence. All together,

282-490: A meeting with Hildegard of Bingen , if the reference to this in an alleged letter from the emperor to her is genuine, perhaps in 1154 or 1163. In the source “Gesta Frederici” by Rahewin it is said that Barbarossa expanded the palace and “restored it in the most appropriate manner”. However, the only thing that is certain is that the palace was fortified during the Hohenstaufen era. After its restoration and fortification,

329-543: A new model of Ingelheim palace. 49°58′39″N 8°04′19″E  /  49.9775°N 8.0720°E  / 49.9775; 8.0720 Nieder-Ingelheim Ingelheim ( German: [ˈɪŋəlhaɪ̯m] ), officially Ingelheim am Rhein (English: Ingelheim upon Rhine ), is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in the Rhineland-Palatinate state of Germany . The town sprawls along

376-586: Is a style of traditional German farmhouse which is predominantly found in Central Germany. It is known by a variety of other names, many of which indicate its regional distribution: The Middle German house first emerged in the Middle Ages as a type of farmhouse built either using timber framing or stone. It is an 'all-in-one' house ( Einhaus ) with living quarters and livestock stalls under one roof. This rural type of farmstead still forms part of

423-461: Is divided into three zones: The Ern is the central area of the house and has a stove area (later a kitchen) at the back. This developed from the ancient hearth near the main entrance or between the doors if the house had a "crosspassage". On one side of the Flur there is a doorway to the living area and on the other to the working area. From the outset the house had two fireplaces. In the living room,

470-472: Is most commonly found in Ingelheim. Like other rural palaces, it had already lost its importance for major political, religious and social events in the 11th century, after Henry III had celebrated his wedding feast for his marriage to Agnes of Poitou here in 1043. After that, there was hardly any written information about the Imperial Palace for a long time. Frederick I Barbarossa , the second Hohenstaufen emperor, may have been in Ingelheim once, namely at

517-488: Is recorded in later documents as Ingilinhaim , Ingilinheim (782), Ingilenhaim , Engelheim , Hengilonheim , Engilonheim (822), Engilinheim (826), Hingilinheim (855), Ingilunheim (874), Ingulinheim (889), Ingelesheim (891), Ingelenheim (940), Anglia sedes (1051), Ingilheim and Ingelnheim (1286), among other forms. Since 1269, a distinction has been made between Nieder-Ingelheim and Ober-Ingelheim (Lower and Upper Ingelheim). Ingelheim am Rhein lies in

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564-768: Is sheltered from the weather by the Hunsrück , the Taunus , the Odenwald and the Donnersberg , thereby limiting the yearly precipitation to only 560 mm. The Ingelheim area was already settled in prehistoric times. The place first earned itself particular importance, though, only under Charlemagne and his successors. Charlemagne had built the Ingelheim Imperial Palace ( Ingelheimer Kaiserpfalz ) here, where synods and Imperial diets were held in

611-610: Is that the roof of the Middle German house is supported by its outer walls, whereas that of the Low German house is supported by internal, wooden posts. The Middle German house is a byre-dwelling ( Wohnstallhaus ) with entrances to the various rooms down one side. The front door is thus at the side of the building and opens into the Ern , a Franconian expression for the central hallway or Flur , and cooking area. The house

658-576: Is used for winegrowing and 1 373 ha is used for crops. The main agricultural produce is sour cherries , white asparagus and Wine . Although the town lies in a region dominated by white wine, 54.9% of the vineyard area in Ingelheim am Rhein is used for growing red wine varieties. With 641 ha in vineyards, the town is moreover one of Rhenish Hesse ’s biggest winegrowing centres after Worms , (1,490 ha), Nierstein (783 ha), Alzey (769 ha), Westhofen (764 ha), Alsheim (704 ha) and Bechtheim (654 ha), and one of

705-542: The Verbandsgemeinde of Gau-Algesheim ) and Bingen am Rhein . Since 1 July 2019 Wackernheim and Heidesheim are incorporated into the city of Ingelheim. Ingelheim is currently divided into six Stadtteile : Ingelheim-Mitte, Ingelheim-Nord, Ingelheim-Süd, Sporkenheim, Groß-Winternheim and Ingelheim-West. Before Ingelheim became a town in 1939, the first three centres bore the names Nieder-Ingelheim, Frei-Weinheim and Ober-Ingelheim. Official changes notwithstanding,

752-550: The Griesmühle (mill). These formations are under conservational protection under the Rhineland-Palatinate State Care Law. Damaging them or removing them, among other acts, is considered an incompensable encroachment on nature and the landscape. Municipal building uses in drifting chalk sand areas are therefore routinely excluded or only approved in very special cases. Two such exceptions were

799-707: The Jehovah's Witnesses and Buddhists . Until 1942 there was a Jewish community, whose beginnings went back to the 16th century. About 1850, roughly 200 Jewish inhabitants lived in Ober-Ingelheim, and by 1933 there were still 134 all together in Oberingelheim and Niederingelheim. In 1840 and 1841, a synagogue that was important to architectural history was built. It was dedicated on 27 August 1841 and destroyed on 9 November 1938 – Kristallnacht . Many Jewish inhabitants lost their lives after being deported to

846-543: The Rhein Main Presse , published by the Verlagsgruppe Rhein Main , Mainz. Municipal television: "Blickpunkt Ingelheim", which is broadcast every Monday and Thursday on regional channel K3. Since 1996, Ingelheim has been the seat of district administration for Mainz-Bingen . Ingelheim is home to: Middle German house The Middle German house ( German : mitteldeutsches Haus )

893-595: The Rhine 's left bank. It has been Mainz-Bingen's district seat since 1996. From the later half of the 8th century, the Ingelheim Imperial Palace , which served emperors and kings as a lodging and a ruling seat until the 11th century, was to be found here. The typically Rhenish-Hessian placename ending —heim might well go back to Frankish times, that is to say, likely as far back as the 5th or 6th century. Settlements or estates then took their lords’ names and were given this suffix, which means "home" in German . The name

940-515: The Stube , there was a cocklestove , and in the Flur was a stove for cooking, which was later partitioned off to form a kitchen. Initially, this type of house only had one storey, but from about the 15th century they were usually built in two storeys with a ground floor and upper floor. From the 17th century the upper storey was built as a jetty and had artistic features such as beam heads ( Balkenköpfe ) and wall plates ( Schwellen ). In this period,

987-471: The death camps during the time of the Third Reich . On 22 April 1972 the municipality of Groß-Winternheim was amalgamated. The former municipalities Heidesheim am Rhein and Wackernheim were merged into Ingelheim am Rhein on 1 July 2019. The municipal election held in 2004 yielded the following results: In the last mayoral elections, held on 26 May 2019, Ralf Claus, mayor of Ingelheim since 2012,

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1034-585: The Mainz-Bingen-Cologne ( West Rhine Railway ) and Saarbrücken-Mainz-Frankfurt railway lines. Between Ingelheim-Nord and Oestrich-Winkel runs a Rhine ferry. The constituent communities and the surrounding municipalities are served by city and regional bus routes of Omnibusverkehr Rhein-Nahe GmbH . The local rail transport is served by the Rhein-Nahe-Nahverkehrsverbund . Of the 4,987-hectare municipal area, 641 ha

1081-460: The biggest in the whole state of Rhineland-Palatinate . "The red wines of Ingelheim and Heidesheim (…) opposite to Eltville (…) enjoy a high reputation." The Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute ’s vegetable farming department runs an experimental asparagus field in Ingelheim. The research results can be viewed on the Internet. Local daily newspaper: Allgemeine Zeitung Ingelheim within

1128-678: The building of Konrad-Adenauer-Straße (from the Autobahn bridge to Rheinstraße) and the building of the daycare centre on Sporkenheimer Straße. The MütZe ("Mothers’ and Families’ Centre", with the abbreviation resembling the word Mütze – "cap") is to be found at the old Gymnasium . The MütZe takes upon itself a generation-spanning exchange for all Ingelheim residents. A babysitter exchange, handicraft classes, breakfast and lunch, housework and holiday support are regularly offered, as well as courses and events covering every family theme from babies to health to creativity. In Ingelheim there are also

1175-663: The church was in a ruinous state and had collapsed except for the choir and the transept walls. Renovation began in 1803. In 1861 the larger bell tower was built in the neo-Romanesque style. The nave was only rebuilt in 1965 and reconstructed according to historical dimensions. The first investigations of the palace area took place in middle of the 19th century. These first, small excavations were reported by Karl August von Cohausen  [ de ] in August 1852. Paul Clemen undertook further excavations in 1888/9. The German Association for Art Research began systematic studies under

1222-585: The corner of the so-called Mainzer Berg  [ de ] ("Mainz Mountain"). The municipal area's lowest point is the harbour on the Rhein at 80.8 m above sea level . The two highest points are the Mainzer Berg at 247.8 m above sea level and the Westerberg  [ de ] at 247.5 m above sea level. An obelisk on the south side of the village in direction Wackernheim , marks

1269-563: The direction of Christian Rauch in 1909, which had to brought to a halt following the outbreak of the First World War . However, Rauch published preliminary reports on the excavations. This formed the basis of a model of the palace as a typical Carolingian palace, which was developed in 1931/32 and endured until 1975. In 1960, new excavations were undertaken by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under

1316-478: The direction of Walter Sage  [ de ] . In 1963, Hermann Ament led new excavations, followed by further excavations in 1965 and 1968/70 under Uta Wengenroth-Weimann. Based on the overall plan of excavation and reconstructions by Walter Sage, Konrad Weidemann produced a new model of the Ingelheim Imperial Palace in 1975. Since 1995 further excavations have been ongoing in the area of

1363-565: The entire system of buildings. The presence of the builder of the Kaiserpfalz , Charlemagne , in Ingelheim is first documented in September 774. Since the end of 787 he stayed in Ingelheim again, but this time for much longer. He spent Christmas here and stayed over the winter without interruption until the middle of 788. This was also the time of the great imperial assembly ( Hoftag ) of June 788, at which Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria ,

1410-480: The interior include 3,000 fragments of wall plaster painted in different colors as well as floor tiles made of marble and porphyry, some of which can be viewed in the visitor center and the Museum at the Imperial Palace . A small palace chapel with three apses, a so-called trikonchos , was initially located in the inner courtyard to the left in front of the semicircular building. Probably shortly before 900, this chapel

1457-519: The north of Rhein Hessen on the so-called Rhein Knee, west of the state capital, Mainz . The Rhein forms the town's northern limit. Southwards, the town stretches into the valley of the river Selz , which empties into the Rhein in the constituent community of Frei-Weinheim or Ingelheim-Nord ("North"). The constituent communities of Ingelheim-Mitte and Ingelheim-Süd ("Middle" and "South") are nestled against

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1504-582: The old names are still quite often used. The town lies in the temperate zone. The average yearly temperature in Ingelheim is 9.8 °C. The warmest months are July and August with average temperatures of 18.0 and 18.5 °C respectively, and the coldest month is January at 1.0 °C on average. The most precipitation falls in June and August with an average of 64 mm, and the least in March with an average of 31 mm. Like all Rhenish Hesse, Ingelheim, too,

1551-544: The palace served mainly for territorial security and was probably inhabited by Burgmannen . Charles IV became the last ruler to stay here in 1354. The Aula regia was a single-nave apsidal hall measuring 40.5 m × 16.5 m and with side portals on the east and west sides. Unlike the royal halls of the Aachen and Paderborn Palaces, the Ingelheim Aula Regia was not only accessible via the transverse axis - as in

1598-400: The palace. These studies aim at a new record, description, and dating of the individual parts of the structure and of the overall topography. They have already led to quite a few discoveries. For example, a gold coin and belt tongue from the time of Charlemagne have been recovered, as well as the high medieval heating system. In addition, the latest excavation results have been used to create

1645-754: The population, no data were forthcoming. The six Catholic parishes belong, within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mainz to the Deanery of Bingen. The five Protestant parishes of the EKHN belong to the Provostship ( Propstei ) of Mainz, and within this to the Deanery of Ingelheim. Besides these, the Baptists , Religious humanists and Muslims each have small communities in Ingelheim, as do

1692-520: The road begun by Charlemagne , and completed by Napoleon. From this point a fine prospect of the entire Rheingau could be obtained. The municipal area's north-south extent is 7.9 km, while the east-west extent is 5 km. Clockwise from the north, these are Geisenheim , Oestrich-Winkel on the Rhine's right bank, and on the left bank Budenheim , Finthen , the Verbandsgemeinde of Nieder-Olm , Schwabenheim , Gau-Algesheim (both belonging to

1739-663: The scene in many villages in the central and southern areas of Germany . The northern boundary of its distribution area is roughly where the Central Uplands merge into the North German Plain . There, its place is gradually taken by the Low German house ( Fachhallenhaus ), known colloquially as the Niedersachsenhaus ( Low Saxon house ). An important distinction between the two types of farmhouse

1786-505: The summer of 826, two important imperial diets took place in Ingelheim. On June 20, 840, Louis the Pious died on an island in the Rhine off Ingelheim. However, his body was not buried in Ingelheim, but was transferred to the family grave in the Abbey of Saint-Arnould in Metz . The late Carolingians can only be found seven times in the Ingelheim Imperial Palace. Under Ottonian rule, Ingelheim

1833-490: The three-way partnership between Ingelheim, Autun and Stevenage was officially sealed. Ingelheim has a multi-purpose culture centre, named kING , located close to the station. The Museum bei der Kaiserpfalz ("Museum at the Imperial Palace ") has an exhibit dedicated to the Imperial Palace built in Ingelheim after 785 by Charlemagne . On show are small archaeological finds, objects from architectural sculpture and

1880-642: The time that followed. His son and successor, Emperor Louis the Pious , died on 20 June 840 in Ingelheim. In the High and Late Middle Ages , the Palatinate's, and thereby also Ingelheim's, importance shrank. For German justice history, the Ingelheimer Oberhof ("Ingelheim Upper Court") is of particular importance, as a unique collection of judgments from the 15th and 16th centuries that it handed down has been preserved. Late 19th century Ingelheim

1927-536: The town counts four Carnival clubs: The town has at its disposal a range of historical buildings worth seeing: In the cadastral areas of Nieder-Ingelheim and Frei-Weinheim, mainly north of the Autobahn along Konrad-Adenauer-Straße, but also south of the Autobahn – even within the Boehringer Ingelheim industrial lands – are found drifting chalk sands. Likewise a deposit is to be found in the area of

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1974-511: The traditional Franconian house - but also - following the ancient model - via a main entrance in the longitudinal axis. The semicircular building had a diameter of 89 m, was at least two floors high and had six round towers on the outside, some of which contained complex water-conducting facilities. The semicircular building, which dates back to the Carolingian period, was fortified with the “Heidesheimer Tor” (Heidesheim Gate). The remains of

2021-513: Was again preferred. Otto the Great , for example, can be found at least ten times in Ingelheim - as often as in Aachen. In June 948 there was an important synod in Ingelheim that was intended to resolve the schism in the archiepiscopal see of Reims . Further imperial synods took place in 958, 972, 980, 993 and 996. The short reign of Otto II included two Easter festivals (977 and 980) and an imperial synod (980), which were held in Ingelheim. Otto III

2068-608: Was reelected as mayor: Mayors ( Bürgermeister ) from 1946, Chief Mayors ( Oberbürgermeister ) from 1972: The town's arms might be described thus: Argent an eagle displayed sable armed and langued gules. The eagle is the Imperial Eagle. The arms have their roots in the Imperial Freedom enjoyed by the Ingelheimer Grund (Ingelheim area). Ingelheim am Rhein is twinned with: On 24 October 1975,

2115-538: Was replaced in the same place by a slightly larger apse hall. In the 10th century, the hall church was built south of the apse hall, to the right in front of the semicircular building as a new palace church, which was renovated in the 12th century in the Romanesque style and is the only building in the complex that is still in use today. Due to the occupation of French troops during the French Revolution ,

2162-559: Was sentenced to death for high treason (he was ultimately pardoned to monastic imprisonment by Charlemagne). In his Vita Karoli Magni Einhard counts the palace of Ingelheim, alongside that of Nijmegen , among Charlemagne's most important building achievements, just behind the Palatine Chapel, Aachen , and the Mainz-Kastel Rhine Bridge. In August 807, Charlemagne gathered his court again in Ingelheim for

2209-643: Was the residence of the Dutch writer Multatuli (Eduard Douwes Dekker). In 1939, the formerly self-administering municipalities of Nieder-Ingelheim, Ober-Ingelheim and Frei-Weinheim were merged into the Town of Ingelheim am Rhein. From the Second World War , Ingelheim emerged as the only unscathed town between Mainz and Koblenz . Today, Ingelheim is a middle centre in Rhineland-Palatinate,

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