138-749: U.S. Highway 27 ( US 27 ) in Florida is a north–south United States Numbered Highway . It runs 496.352 miles (798.801 km) from the Miami metropolitan area northwest to the Tallahassee metropolitan area . Throughout the state, US 27 has been designated the Claude Pepper Memorial Highway by the Florida Legislature . It was named after long-time Florida statesperson Claude Pepper , who served in both
276-433: A St. Augustine motel pool, in which the owner poured acid into the water during a demonstration, influenced the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act . Economic prosperity in the 1920s stimulated tourism to Florida and related development of hotels and resort communities. Combined with its sudden elevation in profile was the Florida land boom of the 1920s , which brought a brief period of intense land development. In 1925,
414-531: A charter school system . As of 2006, Pembroke Pines had the largest charter school system in the county. The city is also home to campuses for Broward College and Florida International University . The city's population had grown from 65,452 in 1990 to 157,594 in 2011. In 2001, Pembroke Pines was home to the most dangerous road intersection (Pines Boulevard and Flamingo Road) in the United States, according to State Farm Insurance . City residents passed
552-612: A school shooting at Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida , leading to new gun control regulations at both the state and federal level. On June 24, 2021, a condominium in Surfside, Florida , near Miami collapsed , killing at least 97 people. The Surfside collapse is tied with the Knickerbocker Theatre collapse as the third-deadliest structural engineering failure in United States history, behind
690-485: A tropical monsoon climate ( Am ) with hot, wet summers and warm, dry winters. The area of Pembroke Pines west of Interstate 75 is commonly known as " West Pines ", and consists mostly of subdivisions built since Hurricane Andrew. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 171,178 people, 60,210 households, and 41,163 families residing in the city. As of the 2010 United States census , there were 154,750 people, 54,264 households, and 38,363 families residing in
828-604: A "Free and Independent State". The ordinance declared Florida's secession from the Union , allowing it to become one of the founding members of the Confederate States . The Confederacy received little military help from Florida; the 15,000 troops it offered were generally sent elsewhere. Instead of troops and manufactured goods, Florida did provide salt and, more importantly, beef to feed the Confederate armies. This
966-558: A Loyalist stronghold for the duration of the American Revolution . Spain regained both East and West Florida after Britain's defeat in the Revolutionary War and the subsequent Treaty of Versailles in 1783, and continued the provincial divisions until 1821. Defense of Florida's northern border with the United States was minor during the second Spanish period. The region became a haven for escaped slaves and
1104-483: A base for Indian attacks against U.S. territories, and the U.S. pressed Spain for reform. Americans of English and Scots Irish descent began moving into northern Florida from the backwoods of Georgia and South Carolina . Though technically not allowed by the government authorities, they were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers from the United States would continue to immigrate into Florida unchecked. These migrants, mixing with
1242-603: A bi-county extension northeast into Polk County which runs through the Lake Wales Ridge State Forest and terminates at the Avon Park Air Force Range . North of here, US 27 carries hidden state routes (SR 17, SR 25, and SR 700) into Polk County until it reaches Sunray Deli Estates, where SR 17 breaks away again, and runs relatively parallel to US 27 until it reaches Haines City . Meanwhile, after making
1380-541: A bond initiative to allow the city to begin construction to redesign the intersection. The intersection has since been expanded with additional east/west Pines Boulevard lanes. As developers expanded Pembroke Pines westward, more hurricanes have affected the city and its residents. In 1999, Hurricane Irene dumped up to 16 in (410 mm) of rain in the city. The western communities, such as Chapel Trail and Silver Lakes, received an estimated 19 in (480 mm). Then in 2004, Hurricane Frances and Jeanne passed to
1518-493: A brief concurrency. After this section, it briefly runs parallel to the southwest side of Florida's Turnpike , until it veers slightly to the west and approaches a quarter-cloverleaf interchange with SR 19 south of Howey-in-the-Hills , which also includes a southbound interchange with Florida's Turnpike. The northbound turnpike interchange can be found further northwest. At Okahumpka , US 27 intersects two county roads that are extensions of state roads. The first of which
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#17327903405961656-637: A concurrency with US 301 between Belleview and Ocala. Others include US 41 between Williston and High Springs, SR 20 between High Springs and Tallahassee, US 129 in Branford , US 19 between Perry and Capps , and SR 61 in Tallahassee. US 27 begins its northward journey as North 36th Street in Midtown Miami , heading west from US 1 for 4.4 miles (7.1 km) before turning northwest to pass under
1794-489: A developer, had his 320 acres (1.3 km ) of land north of Pines Boulevard annexed to the city. This gave a new pathway to proceed westward. In 1977, a maximum security prison known as the Broward Correctional Institution was built in the northwestern part of town. This facility closed in 2012. In 1980, property from Flamingo Road to U.S. 27 was incorporated into Pembroke Pines, doubling
1932-661: A division the Spanish Crown kept after the brief British period. The British government gave land grants to officers and soldiers who had fought in the French and Indian War in order to encourage settlement. In order to induce settlers to move to Florida, reports of its natural wealth were published in England. A number of British settlers who were described as being "energetic and of good character" moved to Florida, mostly coming from South Carolina , Georgia and England. There
2070-439: A family was $ 61,480. Males had a median income of $ 45,129 versus $ 32,531 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 23,843. About 3.9% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over. As of 2000, speakers of English as a first language were at 63.06%, while Spanish accounted for 27.91%, French made up 1.24%, French Creole
2208-473: A former segment of US 441 that eventually leads to the Ocala Union Station . The first major intersection after this section is 31st Street. Then, it crosses under a railroad bridge before reaching the city limits and the intersections with the northern terminus of CR 475 and crossing SR 464 (17th Street). US 27/US 301/US 441 intersects with SR 200 (becoming
2346-713: A mixed-race population of mestizos and mulattoes . The Spanish encouraged slaves from the Thirteen Colonies to come to Florida as a refuge, promising freedom in exchange for conversion to Catholicism . King Charles II of Spain issued a royal proclamation freeing all slaves who fled to Florida and accepted conversion and baptism. Most went to the area around St. Augustine , but escaped slaves also reached Pensacola. St. Augustine had mustered an all-black militia unit defending Florida as early as 1683. The geographical area of Spanish claims in Florida diminished with
2484-536: A number of protests occurred in Florida during the 1950s and 1960s as part of the Civil Rights Movement. In 1956–1957, students at Florida A&M University organized a bus boycott in Tallahassee to mimic the Montgomery bus boycott and succeeded in integrating the city's buses. Students also held sit-ins in 1960 in protest of segregated seating at local lunch counters, and in 1964 an incident at
2622-479: A pair of gated communities and crossing over a bridge between Middle Lake Hamilton , and the ironically named larger Little Lake Hamilton, it curves north and intersects SR 544 . Taking a turn to the northeast after passing by Lake Henry, US 27 encounters another unnumbered interchange with US 17 / US 92 in Haines City and immediately passes over another CSX Transportation railroad line that
2760-573: A police station exists between the median. Supports for a bridge that was intended to run over the canal exist behind the police station. To the west of this intersection is the Santos Trailhead of the Marjorie Harris Carr Cross Florida Greenway . Before US 27/US 301/US 441 enters Ocala , it veers off to the left at an intersection with CR Old 441 (Southeast Lake Weir Avenue),
2898-592: A result, the hidden state routes are officially SR 25 / SR 500 . SR 500 becomes more prominent however, because in Lady Lake, SR 25 branches away as CR 25. This once served as the southern terminus of the US ;27/ US 441 Alternate (US 441 Alt.) around Lake Weir into Belleview but still remains a scenic route. Around the Lake– Marion county border, US 27/US 441 enters
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#17327903405963036-563: A retirement community known as The Villages . Because of the frequent use of street-legal golf cars in the community, bridges and tunnels for these carts can be found throughout the road. US 27/US 441 leaves The Villages as it approaches CR 42 , a bi-county east–west scenic route through Central Florida . North of here, it serves as the newly constructed bypass that leads to CR 484 , in Summerfield . Within Belleview,
3174-632: A reverse curve over a bridge above a CSX Transportation railroad line that is used by Amtrak 's Silver Star and Silver Meteor lines, US 98 breaks away in western Frostproof, taking SR 700 with it. In the opposite direction of this intersection is a continuation of County Road 630 (CR 630). After passing by Warner University , Crooked Lake Park , and CR 640 , US 27 becomes slightly less rural as it approaches an unnumbered partial cloverleaf interchange with SR 60 in Lake Wales . North of this point, US 27 becomes
3312-581: A six-lane highway and remains that way until reaching SR 540 in Waverly , where the road narrows down to four lanes again. The widening of US 27 to a six-lane highway, however, continues in Polk County between here and SR 542 in Dundee . North of here, US 27 runs through Lake Hamilton and curves around the eastern shores of the lake for which the community was named. After passing by
3450-532: Is CR 158 (Tharpe Street) and is the beginning of SR 63's alternate street name of Old Quincy Highway. SR 63 approaches its only suffixed auxiliary route in the form of CR 63A before encountering a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-10 (exit 199). North of the interchange, it begins to leave the Tallahassee city limits. A great deal of this segment of SR 63 consists of RV parks and other facilities serving tourists for Lake Jackson Mounds Archaeological State Park . It also serves as
3588-492: Is CR 48 , and the next of which is the northern terminus of CR 33 before running along the western shore of Lake Harris and eastern shore of Lake Denham, the location of Singletary Par also known as the Leesburg Fishing Area. Here, it intersects CR 25A . North of Lake Harris, it enters Leesburg where US 27 has an intersection with SR 44 . US 441 later joins US 27, and, as
3726-532: Is 3 nautical miles (3.5 mi; 5.6 km) offshore in the Atlantic Ocean and 9 nautical miles (10 mi; 17 km) offshore in the Gulf of Mexico. At 345 feet (105 m) above mean sea level , Britton Hill is the highest point in Florida and the lowest highpoint of any U.S. state. Much of the state south of Orlando lies at a lower elevation than northern Florida, and is fairly level. Much of
3864-469: Is a 312-foot (95 m) peak in Lake County . On average, Florida is the flattest state in the United States. Lake Okeechobee , the largest lake in Florida, is the tenth-largest natural freshwater lake among the 50 states of the United States and the second-largest natural freshwater lake contained entirely within the contiguous 48 states , after Lake Michigan . The longest river within Florida
4002-515: Is a trumpet interchange with US 192 ( SR 530 ) on the Polk– Lake county line in Citrus Ridge, and, shortly afterward, an at-grade intersection with CR 474 , although some maps have indicated another interchange here. Most of the road remains a rural four-lane highway with at-grade intersections. After passing by Lake Louisa State Park and winding around the eastern shores of
4140-465: Is named First Avenue until it crosses the Santa Fe River and enters Columbia County . From here, it continues to run northwest but briefly turns straight west after entering Fort White just before intersecting SR 47 . The road shifts to the right again and turns northwest before leaving the city but gradually turns back west as it gets closer to Suwannee County . Before the road crosses
4278-646: Is now the contiguous United States to be visited and settled by Europeans. The earliest known European explorers came with Juan Ponce de León . Ponce de León spotted and landed on the peninsula on April 2, 1513. He named it Florida (colloquially la Florida) in recognition of the flowery, verdant landscape and because it was the Easter season, which the Spaniards called Pascua Florida (Festival of Flowers). The following day they came ashore to seek information and take possession of this new land. The story that he
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4416-609: Is primarily served by nearby Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport and Miami International Airport . The city itself is home to North Perry Airport , a general aviation airport owned by the Broward County Aviation Department. Local bus service is provided by Broward County Transit . The city also partners with Broward County Transit to provide additional bus routes within the city limits. Streets in Pembroke Pines are numbered as
4554-754: Is short-lived though, as it branches away to the northeast. The US 27/US 41 concurrency is one of the few segments that are only two lanes wide, and it begins to lean to the northwest until briefly shifting straight north before approaching Archer , where it intersects CR 346 , then a former Florida Central and Peninsular Railroad right-of-way, and finally SR 24 . After SR 24, US 27/US 41 curves back northwest but heads straight northward through SR 26 in Newberry , and both remain as such until US 41 reaches High Springs , joins US 441 toward Lake City , and points north. US 27 heads west along unsigned SR 20 , which
4692-681: Is surrounded by horse farms. The few truly significant intersection in this region include CR 464B in Fellowship and then CR 326 near Emathla . The last intersections at the Marion– Levy county line are with CR 316 and CR 335 . Though horse farms are scarce along this segment in Levy County, the surroundings remain rural. CR 316 begins again at an intersection with US 27 in East Williston , and as
4830-509: Is the St. Johns River, at 310 miles (500 km) long. The drop in elevation from its headwaters South Florida to its mouth in Jacksonville is less than 30 feet (9.1 m). The climate of Florida is tempered somewhat by the fact that no part of the state is distant from the ocean. North of Lake Okeechobee , the prevalent climate is humid subtropical ( Köppen : Cfa ), while areas south of
4968-431: Is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of over 21 million, it is the third-most populous state in the United States and ranks eighth in population density as of 2020. Florida spans 65,758 square miles (170,310 km ), ranking 22nd in area among the states. The Miami metropolitan area , anchored by the cities of Miami , Fort Lauderdale , and West Palm Beach ,
5106-438: Is the state's largest metropolitan area , with a population of 6.138 million; the most populous city is Jacksonville . Florida's other major population centers include Tampa Bay , Orlando , Cape Coral , and the state capital of Tallahassee . Various American Indian tribes have inhabited Florida for at least 14,000 years. In 1513, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León became the first known European to make landfall, calling
5244-463: Is the warmest state in the U.S. Pembroke Pines, Florida Pembroke Pines is a city in southern Broward County, Florida , United States. The city is located 22 miles (35 km) north of Miami . It is a suburb of and the fourth-most populous city in the Miami metropolitan area . The population of Pembroke Pines was 171,178 at the 2020 census . Pembroke Pines was officially incorporated on January 16, 1960. The city's name, Pembroke Pines,
5382-521: Is traced back to Sir Edward J. Reed , a member of Britain's Parliament for the County of Pembroke from 1874 to 1880, who in 1882, formed the Florida Land and Mortgage Company to purchase from Hamilton Disston a total of 2 million acres of mostly swampland located throughout the southern half of Florida. A road put through one of the tracts came to be known as Pembroke Road. When incorporating
5520-424: Is used by Amtrak's Silver Star and Silver Meteor lines. With the exception of a segment between Hammock Lake and Tower Lake, most of US 27 remains a commercial strip, especially as it enters Davenport , and approaches quarter- cloverleaf interchanges on the southeast and northwest corners of the bridge over I-4 at exit 55. North of I-4, US 27 contains more unnumbered interchanges. The first of which
5658-620: The American alligator , American crocodile , American flamingo , Roseate spoonbill , Florida panther , bottlenose dolphin , and manatee . The Florida Reef is the only living coral barrier reef in the continental United States, and the third-largest coral barrier reef system in the world, after the Great Barrier Reef and the Belize Barrier Reef . Paleo-Indians entered Florida at least 14,000 years ago. By
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5796-664: The Black Lives Matter movement. After Hurricane Maria devastated Puerto Rico in September 2017, a large population of Puerto Ricans began moving to Florida to escape the widespread destruction. Hundreds of thousands of Puerto Ricans arrived in Florida after Maria dissipated, with nearly half of them arriving in Orlando and large populations also moving to Tampa, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach. A handful of high-profile mass shootings have occurred in Florida in
5934-586: The Civil War on June 25, 1868. Since the mid-20th century, Florida has experienced rapid demographic and economic growth. Its economy , with a gross state product (GSP) of $ 1.647 trillion, is the fourth largest of any U.S. state and the 15th-largest in the world; the main sectors are tourism , hospitality , agriculture , real estate, and transportation . Florida is world-renowned for its beach resorts , amusement parks , warm and sunny climate, and nautical recreation; attractions such as Walt Disney World ,
6072-620: The First Seminole War . The United States now effectively controlled East Florida. Control was necessary according to Secretary of State John Quincy Adams because Florida had become "a derelict open to the occupancy of every enemy, civilized or savage, of the United States, and serving no other earthly purpose than as a post of annoyance to them." More recent historians describe that after U.S. independence, settlers in Georgia increased pressure on Seminole lands, and skirmishes near
6210-461: The Government of Florida . The marriage between Luisa de Abrego, a free black domestic servant from Seville, and Miguel Rodríguez, a white Segovian, occurred in 1565 in St. Augustine. It is the first recorded Christian marriage in the continental United States. Some Floridanos married or had unions with Pensacola , Creek , or African women, both slave and free, and their descendants created
6348-580: The Hyatt Regency walkway collapse and the collapse of the Pemberton Mill . Much of Florida is on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean and the Straits of Florida . Spanning two time zones , it extends to the northwest into a panhandle , extending along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by Georgia and Alabama , and on the west, at the end of
6486-630: The Ichetucknee River at the Columbia–Suwannee county line, it intersects with Southwest Riverside Avenue, which serves as the western terminus of the O'Leno to Ichetucknee Trail and the eastern terminus of the Suwannee River Greenway, both of which are along a former Atlantic Coast Line Railroad line. Both US 27 and the trail run through Hildreth , the home of Ichetucknee Springs State Park , and then encounters
6624-680: The Kennedy Space Center , and Miami Beach draw tens of millions of visitors annually. Florida is a popular destination for retirees , seasonal vacationers , and both domestic and international migrants; it hosts nine out of the ten fastest-growing communities in the U.S. The state's close proximity to the ocean has shaped its culture , identity, and daily life; its colonial history and successive waves of migration are reflected in African , European , Indigenous , Latino , and Asian influences. Florida has attracted or inspired some of
6762-579: The King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia . The road crossed the St. Johns River at a narrow point called Wacca Pilatka , now the core of Downtown Jacksonville , and formerly referred to by the British name "Cow Ford", reflecting the fact that cattle were brought across the river there. The British divided and consolidated the Florida provinces ( Las Floridas ) into East Florida and West Florida ,
6900-635: The Kingdom of Great Britain for control of Havana , Cuba , which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War . The trade was done as part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris which ended the Seven Years' War. Spain was granted Louisiana from France due to their loss of Florida. A large portion of the Florida population left, taking along large portions of the remaining Indigenous population with them to Cuba. The British soon constructed
7038-589: The Seaboard Air Line broke the FEC's southeast Florida monopoly and extended its freight and passenger service to West Palm Beach; two years later it extended passenger service to Miami. Devastating hurricanes in 1926 and 1928 , followed by the Great Depression , brought that period to a halt. Florida's economy did not fully recover until the military buildup for World War II . In 1939, Florida
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#17327903405967176-638: The Second Seminole War (1835–1842). Following the war, approximately 3,000 Seminole and 800 Black Seminole were removed to Indian Territory . A few hundred Seminole remained in Florida in the Everglades . On March 3, 1845, only one day before the end of President John Tyler 's term in office, Florida became the 27th state, admitted as a slave state and no longer a sanctuary for runaway slaves. Initially its population grew slowly. As European settlers continued to encroach on Seminole lands,
7314-646: The Third Seminole War (1855–1858), having taken refuge in the Everglades, from where they never surrendered to the US. They fostered a resurgence in traditional customs and a culture of staunch independence. Florida had become a burden to Spain, which could not afford to send settlers or troops due to the devastation caused by the Peninsular War . Madrid, therefore, decided to cede the territory to
7452-560: The Treaty of Payne's Landing (1832), which called for the relocation of all Seminole to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma ). Some resisted, leading to the Second Seminole War , the bloodiest war against Native Americans in United States history. By 1842, most Seminoles and Black Seminoles, facing starvation, were removed to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River . Perhaps fewer than 200 Seminoles remained in Florida after
7590-573: The U.S. Senate and House of Representatives . The stretch running from Miami to South Bay was originally designated the Thomas E. Will Memorial Highway by the Florida Legislature in 1937 when that portion was known as State Road 26 (SR 26). Thomas E. Will, the founder of Okeelanta , had worked for almost 20 years to get the state to build a road from Miami to the area south of Lake Okeechobee . For most of its length in
7728-647: The United States . It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Straits of Florida and Cuba to the south. About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean . It has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States , spanning approximately 1,350 miles (2,170 km), not including its many barrier islands . It
7866-423: The 16th century, the earliest time for which there is a historical record, major groups of people living in Florida included the Apalachee of the Florida Panhandle , the Timucua of northern and central Florida, the Ais of the central Atlantic coast, the Mayaimi of the Lake Okeechobee area, the Tequesta of southeastern Florida, and the Calusa of southwest Florida. Florida was the first region of what
8004-442: The 21st century. In June 2016, a gunman killed 49 people at a gay nightclub in Orlando . It is the deadliest incident in the history of violence against LGBT people in the United States , as well as the deadliest terrorist attack in the U.S. since the September 11 attacks in 2001, and it was the deadliest mass shooting by a single gunman in U.S. history until the 2017 Las Vegas shooting . In February 2018, 17 people were killed in
8142-410: The Castilian language, and more to Florida. Spain established several settlements in Florida, with varying degrees of success. In 1559, Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano established a settlement at present-day Pensacola , making it one of the first settlements in Florida, but it was mostly abandoned by 1561. In 1564–1565, there was a French settlement at Fort Caroline , in present Duval County , which
8280-794: The City of Pembroke Pines operates its own charter school system. Parts of the city are zoned to Everglades High School and Miramar High School in Miramar and McArthur High School in Hollywood. Parts of the city are zoned to Apollo Middle School and Driftwood Middle School in Hollywood and Glades Middle School and New Renaissance Middle School in Miramar. Parts of the city are zoned to Boulevard Heights Elementary School and Sheridan Park Elementary School in Hollywood, Hawkes Bluff Elementary School in Davie, Manatee Bay Elementary School in Weston, and Miramar Elementary School, Silver Lakes Elementary School, Silver Shores Elementary School, Sunset Lakes Elementary School, and Sunshine Elementary School in Miramar. For scheduled commercial service, Pembroke Pines
8418-411: The City of Pembroke Pines third in a list of "Fastest Growing Cities" in the United States , in 1999. The increase in population has increased the need for schools. In 2003, Charles W. Flanagan High School had close to 6,000 students, making it the most populated high school in Florida. In response to Broward County's need to keep up with demands, Mayor Alex Fekete and City Manager Charles Dodge started
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#17327903405968556-407: The Floridas, and in the meantime they were, with the advice of councils, to establish courts. This was the first introduction of the English-derived legal system which Florida still has today, including trial by jury , habeas corpus and county-based government. Neither East Florida nor West Florida sent any representatives to Philadelphia to draft the Declaration of Independence . Florida remained
8694-408: The Homestead Extension of the Florida Turnpike. After another four miles (6.4 km), the highway curves to the north and, after passing the northern terminus of SR 997 (Krome Avenue), crosses into Broward County . In Broward County, the highway passes protected wetlands and heavy-duty powerlines on the west and the outer reaches of the suburban communities of Pembroke Pines and Weston on
8832-436: The Indians from Florida. Seminoles offered sanctuary to blacks, and these became known as the Black Seminoles , and clashes between whites and Indians grew with the influx of new settlers. In 1832, the Treaty of Payne's Landing promised to the Seminoles lands west of the Mississippi River if they agreed to leave Florida. Many Seminoles left at this time. Some Seminoles remained, and the U.S. Army arrived in Florida, leading to
8970-451: The Indians. Most non-Indian residents were soldiers stationed at Fort Dallas . It was the most devastating Indian war in American history, causing almost a total loss of population in Miami. After the Second Seminole War ended in 1842, William English re-established a plantation started by his uncle on the Miami River . He charted the "Village of Miami" on the south bank of the Miami River and sold several plots of land. In 1844, Miami became
9108-439: The Leon– Gadsden county line and continues to move northwest. After crossing another bridge, the first major intersection in the county is the eastern terminus of CR 270 . Further north, CR 159 secretly joins US 27/SR 63 in a triple concurrency, and all three routes approach a CSX Transportation railroad line until they curve northeast before entering the town of Havana . CR 159 branches off on its own to
9246-404: The Mamie Langdale Memorial Bridge over the Caloosahatchee Canal and makes another sharp turn to the west. The road then intersects with SR 78 , which it overlaps until reaching Citrus Center , then proceeds in a northerly direction toward the central Florida communities such as Lake Placid , where it intersects SR 70 . The southern terminus of the concurrency with US 98 is also
9384-462: The Mobile District of West Florida to the Mississippi Territory in 1812. Spain continued to dispute the area, though the United States gradually increased the area it occupied. In 1812, a group of settlers from Georgia, with de facto support from the U.S. federal government, attempted to overthrow the Floridan government in the province of East Florida. The settlers hoped to convince Floridians to join their cause and proclaim independence from Spain, but
9522-426: The US (tied with Wheatley Heights, New York ), at 5.1% of all residents. Pembroke Pines has a Commission-Manager form of government. The city commission has five members elected to four-year terms: a mayor elected city-wide and four commissioners elected from four Single-member districts . Broward County Public Schools serve Pembroke Pines. In addition, several charter schools are located in Pembroke Pines, and
9660-471: The US 301/US 441 overlap and taking SR 500 with it. After retaining its status as an independent U.S. Highway, US 27 moves from Northwest Tenth Street to Northwest Blitchton Road and has another interchange with I-75 at exit 354, although this one is a mere diamond interchange , as opposed to the elaborate partial cloverleaf interchange with flyovers in Weston. From here, it continues northwest through rural Marion County, much of which
9798-416: The United States intervened to move the remaining Seminoles to the West. The Third Seminole War (1855–1858) resulted in the forced removal of most of the remaining Seminoles, although hundreds of Seminole Indians remained in the Everglades. The first settlements and towns in South Florida were founded much later than those in the northern part of the state. The first permanent European settlers arrived in
9936-461: The United States through the Adams–Onís Treaty , which took effect in 1821. President James Monroe was authorized on March 3, 1821, to take possession of East Florida and West Florida for the United States and provide for initial governance. On behalf of the U.S. government, Andrew Jackson , whom Jacksonville is named after, served as a military commissioner with the powers of governor of
10074-559: The already present British settlers who had remained in Florida since the British period, would be the progenitors of the population known as Florida Crackers . These American settlers established a permanent foothold in the area. The British settlers who had remained also resented Spanish governance, leading to a rebellion in 1810 and the establishment for ninety days of the so-called Free and Independent Republic of West Florida on September 23. After meetings beginning in June, rebels overcame
10212-493: The area even earlier. The community started as agricultural land occupied by dairy farms , and grew after World War II as service members were retiring, including large eastern sections that were part of the Waldrep Dairy Farm , including the present-day Pembroke Lakes Mall . The first two subdivisions were called Pembroke Pines. One of the first homes in the city belonged to Kipnis, the city's first mayor, and
10350-709: The border dispute along the Sabine River in Spanish Texas . Florida was admitted as the 27th state on March 3, 1845, and was the principal location of the Seminole Wars (1816–1858), the longest and most extensive of the American Indian Wars . The state seceded from the Union on January 10, 1861, becoming one of the seven original Confederate States , and was readmitted to the Union after
10488-540: The border led to the First Seminole War (1816–1819). The United States purchased Florida from Spain by the Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) and took possession in 1821. The Seminole were moved out of their rich farmland in northern Florida and confined to a large reservation in the interior of the Florida peninsula by the Treaty of Moultrie Creek (1823). Passage of the Indian Removal Act (1830) led to
10626-629: The capitol, then is a busy four-lane surface boulevard with service roads for the next few miles, passing Governor's Square , the Centre of Tallahassee , and many state office buildings. US 27 runs west along this stretch of road however, and the Apalachee Parkway ends at SR 61 (Monroe Street) in front of the Florida State Capitol building. US 27 and SR 20 make a sharp turn north along SR 61, but, at
10764-404: The city, Walter Smith Kipnis, who became the city's first mayor, suggested the name Pembroke Pines because of the pine trees growing near Pembroke Road. The first inhabitants of the area were Native Americans , who first appeared about 4,000 years ago. Skeletal remains of animal hunters dating back about 10,000 years were found around Broward County, showing that perhaps human beings had lived in
10902-402: The city. As of 2000, 36.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.1% were not families. About 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size
11040-670: The city. In May 1977, the Grateful Dead put on a storied performance at the Hollywood Sportatorium. Many Deadheads consider the version of " Sugaree " played during the first set to be the band's—and particularly guitarist Jerry Garcia 's—finest performance of the song. The city's rapid population growth in the mid-to late 1990s was part of the effect of Hurricane Andrew in 1992. Thousands of southern Miami-Dade County residents moved northward to Broward County, many to Pembroke Pines. The resulting boom ranked
11178-419: The county seat, and six years later a census reported there were ninety-six residents in the area. The Third Seminole War was not as destructive as the second, but it slowed the settlement of southeast Florida. At the end of the war, a few of the soldiers stayed. American settlers began to establish cotton plantations in north Florida, which required numerous laborers, which they supplied by buying slaves in
11316-672: The defense of the Captaincy General of Cuba and the Spanish West Indies . In 1738, the governor of Florida Manuel de Montiano established Fort Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose near St. Augustine, a fortified town for escaped slaves to whom Montiano granted citizenship and freedom in return for their service in the Florida militia, and which became the first free black settlement legally sanctioned in North America. In 1763 , Spain traded Florida to
11454-532: The domestic market. By 1860, Florida had only 140,424 people, of whom 44% were enslaved. There were fewer than 1,000 free African Americans before the American Civil War. On January 10, 1861, nearly all delegates in the Florida Legislature approved an ordinance of secession, declaring Florida to be "a sovereign and independent nation"—an apparent reassertion to the preamble in Florida's Constitution of 1838, in which Florida agreed with Congress to be
11592-678: The early 19th century. People came from the Bahamas to South Florida and the Keys to hunt for treasure from the ships that ran aground on the treacherous Great Florida Reef . Some accepted Spanish land offers along the Miami River. At about the same time, the Seminole Indians arrived, along with a group of runaway slaves. The area was affected by the Second Seminole War , during which Major William S. Harney led several raids against
11730-461: The east end of a concurrency with US 129 ( SR 49 ) which is also the southern terminus of CR 49 . US 27/US 129 and the trail enter the hamlet of Wachtokha , but the trail remains straight while the road curves slightly to the northwest. A slight curve to the southwest is where both routes officially enter Branford where US 129 turns north onto unsigned SR 249 . The Suwannee River Greenway crosses US 27 between
11868-545: The east where it curves to the northwest. It passes by West Broward High School in Pembroke Pines , in which many school busses coming from SR 822 (Sheridan Street) use US 27 to get to Johnson Street to where the high school is. US 27 then reaches an interchange with I-75 and Alligator Alley (exit 23) which is an elaborate partial cloverleaf interchange with flyovers from US 27, loop ramps from I-75, and no reentry to either road. From here,
12006-473: The eastern terminus of SR 66 . From here, the hidden routes are SR 25 and SR 700 . Shortly after this, US 27/US 98 runs through a commercial strip area before curving to the west at a Y intersection along the south shore of Lake Jackson in Sebring , where SR 17 begins. The road heads back to the northwest as it runs along and then away from the edge of the lake. North of here,
12144-477: The establishment of English settlements to the north and French claims to the west. English colonists and buccaneers launched several attacks on St. Augustine in the 17th and 18th centuries, razing the city and its cathedral to the ground several times. Spain built the Castillo de San Marcos in 1672 and Fort Matanzas in 1742 to defend Florida's capital city from attacks, and to maintain its strategic position in
12282-517: The federal government used the facility to process, document and provide medical and dental services for the newcomers. As a result, the Freedom Tower was also called the "Ellis Island of the South". In recent decades, more migrants have come for the jobs in a developing economy. With a population of more than 18 million, according to the 2010 census, Florida is the most populous state in
12420-567: The garrison at Baton Rouge (now in Louisiana ) and unfurled the flag of the new republic: a single white star on a blue field. This flag would later become known as the " Bonnie Blue Flag ". In 1810, parts of West Florida were annexed by the proclamation of President James Madison , who claimed the region as part of the Louisiana Purchase . These parts were incorporated into the newly formed Territory of Orleans . The U.S. annexed
12558-423: The interior of the state. Florida's economy has been based primarily upon agricultural products such as citrus fruits, strawberries, nuts, sugarcane and cattle. The boll weevil devastated cotton crops during the early 20th century. Until the mid-20th century, Florida was the least-populous state in the southern United States . In 1900, its population was only 528,542, of whom nearly 44% were African American,
12696-444: The intersection of US 90 , SR 20 turns west while US 27 continues north along SR 61. After the intersection with US 90, hidden SR 63 officially begins at the intersection of North Monroe Street and Thomasville Road, where SR 61 resumes its status as a separate exposed route. After crossing Seventh Avenue, it begins to curve to the northwest avoiding Lake Ella. The first intersection during this curve
12834-500: The lake (including the Florida Keys ) have a true tropical climate (Köppen: Aw , Am , and Af ). Mean high temperatures for late July are primarily in the low 90s Fahrenheit (32–34 °C). Mean low temperatures for early to mid-January range from the low 40s Fahrenheit (4–7 °C) in north Florida to above 60 °F (16 °C) from Miami on southward. With an average daily temperature of 70.7 °F (21.5 °C), it
12972-548: The lake that the park was named for, US 27 approaches a cloverleaf interchange without exit numbers at SR 50 in Clermont. After passing the Florida Citrus Tower and Presidents Hall of Fame, the road enters Minneola along the east side of Lake Minneola, where it crosses a bridge over South Lake Trail , intersects such roads as CR Old 50 , as well as CR 561 , the latter of which it shares
13110-417: The most prominent American writers, including Ernest Hemingway , Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings , and Tennessee Williams , and continues to attract celebrities and athletes, especially in golf , tennis , auto racing , and water sports . Florida has been considered a battleground state in American presidential elections , particularly those in 2000 and 2016 . Florida's climate varies from subtropical in
13248-404: The new hidden state road until US 301 reaches US 1/US 23). The highway reaches the heart of Ocala at the intersection with SR 40 (West Silver Springs Boulevard). After this section, the road crosses a railroad bridge west of Ocala Union Station. Five blocks later, it reaches the intersection of SR 492 (Northwest 10th Street) only to move in the opposite direction, leaving
13386-485: The newly acquired territory for a brief period. On March 30, 1822, the U.S. Congress merged East Florida and part of West Florida into the Florida Territory . By the early 1800s, Indian removal was a significant issue throughout the southeastern U.S. and also in Florida. In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed the Indian Removal Act and as settlement increased, pressure grew on the U.S. government to remove
13524-523: The north (Palm Beach County), but brought tropical storm-force winds and left minor tree and shrub damage. The 2005 hurricane season left a mark on the city. Hurricane Katrina passed directly over the city as a category-one storm . In its wake, it left some damage, such as downed power lines and trees, especially in the Chapel Trail and Silver Lakes developments. In late October, the eye of Hurricane Wilma passed about 20 miles (32 km) toward
13662-411: The north of the city, which saw the strongest winds its residents had experienced in decades. The strongest wind officially recorded in the city was a 92-mile-per-hour (148 km/h) sustained wind, with a 101-mile-per-hour (163 km/h) wind gust. Most of the city was left without power for days, lights at intersections had been destroyed, a riot at a gas station led to it being closed, most landscaping
13800-473: The north to tropical in the south. It is the only state besides Hawaii to have a tropical climate , and the only continental state with both a tropical climate, located at the southern portion of the state, and a coral reef . Florida has several unique ecosystems, including Everglades National Park , the largest tropical wilderness in the U.S. and among the largest in the Americas . Unique wildlife include
13938-478: The northeast terminus of CR 356 . After crossing a bridge that runs over a small portion of Lake Jackson, the road simultaneously intersects the northern terminus of SR 263 and southern terminus of CR 157 and CR 361. The road runs along the west side of Tallahassee Commercial Airport and makes a reverse curve as it approaches a bridge over the Ochlockonee River , where it crosses
14076-611: The northwest again and finally terminating at the Florida–Georgia state line, where US 27 continues onto SR 1 . US 27 first entered Florida in 1934, terminating at Tallahassee . In 1949, it was extended to its current terminus in Miami. From 1956 until 1993, US 27 signs in Florida featured white numbering on a green shield. The "color-coding" of U.S. Highways by the Florida Department of Transportation
14214-489: The northwest before US 27/SR 63 curves straight north as it approaches the intersection with SR 12 and CR 12A . SR 12 joins the road in a brief concurrency before branching off to the east as CR 12 , within the Havana town limits. The previously mentioned CSX Transportation railroad line runs more or less parallel to the road again. The road and the tracks curve back and forth near each other until
14352-450: The northwest corner of which contains the historic Lafayette County Courthouse . After the intersection of Lafayette Street, the road curves northwest again. Outside the city limits, the road intersects various local roads, the most significant of which is CR 534 . The rest of the way, US 27 runs northwest through more of western rural Lafayette County, but it turns straight west again as it approaches Buckville where it intersects
14490-467: The panhandle, by Alabama. It is the only state that borders both the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. Florida also is the southernmost of the 48 contiguous states, Hawaii being the only one of the fifty states reaching farther south. Florida is west of the Bahamas and 90 miles (140 km) north of Cuba . Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River , and only Alaska and Michigan are larger in water area. The water boundary
14628-781: The pre-automobile era, railroads played a key role in the state's development, particularly in coastal areas. In 1883, the Pensacola and Atlantic Railroad connected Pensacola and the rest of the Panhandle to the rest of the state. In 1884 the South Florida Railroad (later absorbed by Atlantic Coast Line Railroad ) opened full service to Tampa . In 1894 the Florida East Coast Railway reached West Palm Beach ; in 1896 it reached Biscayne Bay near Miami . Numerous other railroads were built all over
14766-405: The region La Florida (land of flowers) ( [la floˈɾiða] ). Florida subsequently became the first area in the continental U.S. to be permanently settled by Europeans, with the settlement of St. Augustine , founded in 1565, being the oldest continuously inhabited city. Florida was frequently attacked and coveted by Great Britain before Spain ceded it to the U.S. in 1819 in exchange for resolving
14904-607: The rest of Taylor County and then very briefly in Madison County , where it intersects CR 150 . US 19 breaks away in Capps onto SR 57 on its way through Monticello , but not before resuming a westward direction at the Madison– Jefferson county line. In Tallahassee , the road becomes the 1957-built Apalachee Parkway, a major east–west thoroughfare. The parkway has a short expressway section just east of
15042-440: The road encounters two somewhat important intersections; CR 25A and then SR 35 . SR 35 joins US 27/US 441 in a wrong-way concurrency with SR 500 as the road curves more to the west, until it reaches the intersection with US 301 , where SR 35 turns south, and SR 500 becomes the hidden state road for US 27/US 301/US 441 for a few blocks. SR 25, however, reunites with
15180-456: The road enters the city of Williston, it serves as the western terminus of CR 318 , crosses a set of CSX Transportation railroad tracks, and loses its status as an independent U.S. Highway. SR 500 continues straight ahead along US 27 Alt. , while US 27 turns north and joins US 41 (hidden SR 45 ), as well as SR 121 , which already ran east for a few blocks along US 27 Alt. The concurrency with SR 121
15318-570: The road intersects Byron Butler Parkway which is the northern terminus of the US ;19 / US 98 /US 27 Alt. concurrency. Here, US 27 Alt. terminates, US 98 and SR 30 leave US 19 turning west onto West Hampton Springs Avenue, and US 27 joins US 19 becoming a four-lane highway again. US 19/US 27 also continues to carry US 221 Truck until it reaches CR 359A (Wright Road) but also continues to take SR 20 with it heading straight northwest through
15456-444: The road is surrounded by Everglades-related wilderness and recreational areas before curving to the north toward South Bay , where it intersects SR 80 and overlaps the road before curving west along the shores of Lake Okeechobee . The highway skirts the southwestern shore of Lake Okeechobee and then heads west through Lake Harbor and then Clewiston , before making a sharp turn to the north toward Moore Haven , where it crosses
15594-459: The road runs west of Lake Sebring, but, in Avon Park , it runs much closer to the shores of Lake Glenada, where it passes through South Florida State College territory. From here, it passes by lakes Lelia and Anoka, and, just east of Avon Park Executive Airport , it intersects SR 64 and the northern terminus of a segment of SR 17. SR 64 continues east along part of SR 17 as
15732-830: The same proportion as before the Civil War. Forty thousand blacks, roughly one-fifth of their 1900 population levels in Florida, left the state in the Great Migration . They left due to lynchings and racial violence and for better opportunities in the North and the West. Disfranchisement for most African Americans in the state persisted until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s gained federal legislation in 1965 to enforce protection of their constitutional suffrage. In response to racial segregation in Florida,
15870-528: The section of US 27 in Florida as the President Donald J. Trump Highway after former President Donald Trump . At least five special routes of US 27 have existed in Florida, although only one exists today: Florida Florida ( / ˈ f l ɒr ɪ d ə / FLORR -ih-də , Spanish: [floˈɾiða] ) is a state in the Southeastern region of
16008-569: The settlers lost their tenuous support from the federal government and abandoned their cause by 1813. Traditionally, historians argued that Seminoles based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements and offering havens for runaway slaves. The United States Army led increasingly frequent incursions into Spanish territory, including the 1817–1818 campaign against the Seminole Indians by Andrew Jackson that became known as
16146-577: The size of the city. This expansion included the property that is currently C.B. Smith Park as well as what was once the Hollywood Sportatorium and the Miami-Hollywood Motorsports Park . Also, in 1980, construction began to extend Interstate 75 from U.S. 27 towards Miami, passing through the new western part of the city. By 1984 the expressway reached Pines Boulevard , the main east-west arterial road in
16284-617: The southeastern United States and the third-most populous in the United States. The population of Florida has boomed in recent years with the state being the recipient of the largest number of out-of-state movers in the country as of 2019. Florida's growth has been widespread, as cities throughout the state have continued to see population growth. In 2012, the killing of Trayvon Martin , a young black man, by George Zimmerman in Sanford drew national attention to Florida's stand-your-ground laws , and sparked African American activism, including
16422-532: The southern terminus of CR 53 and northern terminus of CR 534, both of which were once part of SR 53 . The last intersection in Lafayette County is with CR 348 in Townsend before US 27 becomes surrounded by swampland as it enters Taylor County. Swampland continues to surround US 27 until it comes close to Perry , where a small truck weigh station can be found along
16560-506: The state is at or near sea level. Some places, such as Clearwater have promontories that rise 50 to 100 ft (15 to 30 m) above the water. Much of Central and North Florida, typically 25 mi (40 km) or more away from the coastline, have rolling hills with elevations ranging from 100 to 250 ft (30 to 76 m). The highest point in peninsular Florida (east and south of the Suwannee River ), Sugarloaf Mountain ,
16698-761: The state, US 27 is a divided highway . Between Miami and Ocala , US 27 follows SR 25 ; between Leesburg and Williston , it follows SR 500 ; between Williston and High Springs , it follows SR 45 ; between High Springs and downtown Tallahassee , it follows SR 20 ; within downtown Tallahassee, it follows SR 61 ; and, between Tallahassee and the Georgia border, it follows State Road 63 ( SR 63 ). Concurrencies include SR 80 between South Bay and Clewiston , SR 78 from Moore Haven to Citrus Center , US 98 between Sebring and western Frostproof , and US 441 between Leesburg and Ocala, which also includes
16836-546: The tracks take one final turn to the northwest in Hinson , and SR 63 begins to curve back to the northeast before the intersection with CR 159A . Shortly after this section, SR 63 curves further to the northeast as it approaches CR 12B . Finally in Darsey, SR 63 serves as the northern terminus of CR 157 and the southern terminus of an extension of State Route 111 (SR 111), before curving to
16974-473: The triple concurrency at the former eastern terminus of CR 484, and shares a concurrency with SR 25, and US 27/US 301/US 441's new secret route becomes SR 25/SR 500. After that section, the road curves more to the north again. Near the right-of-way for the formerly proposed Cross Florida Barge Canal , the median for the road widens but narrows back down to normal again. Before it does, however, it intersects CR 328 , where
17112-642: The village became a city. This small property was less than a square mile and was between Hollywood Boulevard and SW 72nd Avenue, and had the Florida Turnpike to the east. Pembroke Pines sought to give citizens involvement, so they organized the Pembroke Pines Civic Association. The square-mile city was unable to expand due to North Perry Airport and the South Florida State Hospital. Joseph LaCroix,
17250-462: The west end of the US 27/US 129 concurrency and Frank R. Norris Bridge across the Suwannee River , but it was also once the northern terminus of US 129 Alt. , which followed US 27 across the river into Lafayette County until it reached SR 349 in Grady. The road runs through the rural community of Alton , then slows down as it enters Mayo where it intersects SR 51 ,
17388-579: The westbound shoulder. The road divides momentarily at the intersection of SR 30 , which has controlled turn lanes in the divider, but then turns back into an undivided two lane road as it curves northwest. At Buckeye Nursery Road, US 27 gets the name East Hampton Springs Avenue. The avenue curves from northwest to southwest once again and then straight west at Washington Street. The street name changes from East Hampton Springs Avenue to West Hampton Springs Avenue at US 221 (hidden SR 55 ) and also joins US 221 Truck . Several blocks later,
17526-540: The western terminus of SR 112 (Airport Expressway), while also passing under Interstate 95 (I-95) without a direct interchange. It then proceeds northwest for five miles (8.0 km) as South Okeechobee Road, parallel to the Miami Canal , forming the southwest boundary of the city of Hialeah . After an interchange with SR 826 (Palmetto Expressway), it continues northwest as North Okeechobee Road for five miles (8.0 km) before an interchange with
17664-433: Was 0.99%, Portuguese was 0.94%, Italian was at 0.92%, Yiddish at 0.74%, and Tagalog was the mother tongue of 0.52% of the population. As of 2000, Pembroke Pines had the 45th-highest percentage of Colombian residents in the US, at 3% of the city's population, and the 50th-highest percentage of Cuban residents in the US, at 8.66% of the city's population. It also had the 24th-highest percentage of Jamaicans in
17802-412: Was 3.13. In 2000, the city the population was distributed as 25.6% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 33.5% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.8 males. In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $ 52,629, and for
17940-464: Was also a group of settlers who came from the colony of Bermuda . This was the first permanent English-speaking population in what is now Duval County , Baker County , St. Johns County and Nassau County . The British constructed good public roads and introduced the cultivation of sugar cane, indigo and fruits, as well as the export of lumber. The British governors were directed to call general assemblies as soon as possible in order to make laws for
18078-490: Was built in 1956. It was then known as the "Village of Pembroke Pines" and was incorporated into a village in 1959. Builders contested the incorporation, so a legal battle ensued concerning the boundaries of the new municipality. City services were added in the 1960s with the building of the first fire department building near North Perry Airport . University Drive was then the western edge of habitable land for residents. In January 1960, Pembroke Pines held another election, and
18216-586: Was described as "still very largely an empty State." Subsequently, the growing availability of air conditioning , the climate, and a low cost of living made the state a haven. Migration from the Rust Belt and the Northeast sharply increased Florida's population after 1945. In the 1960s, many refugees from Cuba , fleeing Fidel Castro 's communist regime, arrived in Miami at the Freedom Tower , where
18354-481: Was destroyed by the Spanish. Today a reconstructed version of the fort stands in its location within Jacksonville. In 1565, the settlement of St. Augustine (San Agustín) was established under the leadership of admiral and governor Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , creating what would become the oldest, continuously occupied European settlements in the continental U.S. and establishing the first generation of Floridanos and
18492-526: Was destroyed or damaged beyond repair, and minor structural damage (mainly roof and screen damage) occurred. In addition, schools remained closed for two weeks. The approximate coordinates for the City of Pembroke Pines is located at . A 2017 study put the city in third place for US cities most vulnerable to coastal flooding , with 116,000 residents living within FEMA 's coastal floodplain . Pembroke Pines has
18630-594: Was particularly important after 1864, when the Confederacy lost control of the Mississippi River, thereby losing access to Texas beef. The largest engagements in the state were the Battle of Olustee , on February 20, 1864, and the Battle of Natural Bridge , on March 6, 1865. Both were Confederate victories. The war ended in 1865. Following the American Civil War, Florida's congressional representation
18768-489: Was restored on June 25, 1868, albeit forcefully after Reconstruction and the installation of unelected government officials under the final authority of federal military commanders. After the Reconstruction period ended in 1876, white Democrats regained power in the state legislature. In 1885, they created a new constitution, followed by statutes through 1889 that disfranchised most blacks and many poor whites. In
18906-486: Was searching for the Fountain of Youth is mythical and appeared only long after his death. In May 1539, Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. He described a thick wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 70 feet (21 m), with intertwined and elevated roots making landing difficult. Europeans introduced Christianity , cattle, horses, sheep,
19044-425: Was stopped when the state could no longer use federal funds to replace the signs with anything but the standard black-and-white version; a few green US 27 signs remain. Shortly after its second landfall, Hurricane Irma 's eye traveled roughly along the entire course of US 27 in Florida north of Lake Placid. In January 2021, Representative Anthony Sabatini announced he will sponsor an amendment to name
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