66-607: TeessideLive is a regional news website serving the Teesside area of England . The website feeds The Gazette daily newspaper and the Sunday Sun , England’s best-selling regional Sunday newspaper. Formerly known as Teesside Gazette , the website, mobile app and social media accounts changed to TeessideLive on 5 June 2018. The Gazette is the most popular daily newspaper in Teesside, and has been an integral part of life in
132-481: A Photo Reconnaissance de Havilland Mosquito which was attempting to land at Thornaby on one engine and crashed into land which is now home to Ingleby Mill School on 11 November 1943 killing both crew members; there is now a stone marking the crash site. Farms There are still a number of farmhouses that pre-date the 1980s-onward development. Mills Previously under the Maltby and Ingleby Barwick Parish Council,
198-725: A Teal bird which refers to a horse named Teal, trained at Middleham by Captain Neville Crump, which won the Grand National in 1952. The Teal Arms in the town is also a reference to the horse. Historically the town is part of the North Riding of Yorkshire which was a county from 1899 to 1974. From 1894 to 1932, the parish was in the Middlesbrough Rural District then Stokesley Rural District from 1932 until 1974. Ingleby Barwick then became
264-566: A higher level of education compared with Stockton-On-Tees and nationally. Over 25% of residents reported attaining a degree or higher level HNC/HND or NVQ compared with only 15% in Stockton as a whole. The people of Ingleby Barwick enjoy a high employment rate, with 75% reporting themselves as being in full or part-time employment or being self-employed. Of these 76% usually travel to work by car or van, travelling an average distance of 21 km. Only 2.7% get to work on foot suggesting that most of
330-496: A homophone to 'bye'. Ingleby is a common name around Yorkshire. Ingleby Arncliffe and Ingleby Greenhow are notably within a ten mile distance from the town and in the same county, North Yorkshire. This name is pronounced two ways. One way Barwick is pronounced is Bar-ick, this loss is traditional and also seen with Berwick-upon-Tweed . The second way of pronouncing is closer to how the individual words evolved in English and how
396-463: A number of underground salt cavities that are impervious to gas and liquids. Consequently, these cavities are now used to store both industrial gases and liquids by companies which are members of the Northeast of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC). Today Venator Materials is based close to Greatham, operating one of the world's largest chemical plants for titanium dioxide manufacturing. It
462-636: A part of the Cleveland non-metropolitan district of Stockton-on-Tees in 1974 until 1996. Since the county was abolished in 1996, Ingleby is now placed into non-administrative North Yorkshire , governed by the direct successor unitary authority of Stockton-on-Tees. Ingleby Barwick, as part of the Borough of Stockton on Tees , has six borough councillors representing the two wards Ingleby Barwick East (including Hilton and Maltby parishes) and Ingleby Barwick West (with High Leven and Low Leven ). As of 2019
528-595: A part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, due to most land being south of the Tees. Teesside was created due to Stockton-on-Tees being linked heavily with Thornaby (which had amalgamated with South Stockton/Mandale to form the Borough of Thornaby), Middlesbrough and Redcar by industry. Compared to the modern Teesside conurbation, the area was smaller, then excluding towns such as Hartlepool, Ingleby Barwick and Yarm ,
594-626: A request for the council to fly the Pride Flag during pride month. The Coat of Arms was given to the town in October 2000. It contains: a representation of the three rivers that run around Ingleby Barwick; depictions of mill-rinds which are an historical link to the Turner family, who used to own most of the land which now forms the town, and the Barwick element of the name. The crest shows
660-515: A small iron foundry and rolling mill using iron stone from Durham and the Yorkshire coast, with the new discovery prompting them to build Teesside's first blast furnace in 1851. Many more iron works followed, such as those built in the region by Losh, Wilson and Bell (see Sir Issac Lowthian Bell ) who in 1853 were operating 5 furnaces in the region. The success of John Vaughan and Henry Bolckow's first blast furnace meant that by 1873 Middlesbrough
726-663: A time when television was affecting its sales, competitions were run "In the Pink" with cash prizes. In a similar vein, a sports newspaper published in Sheffield is known as the " Green 'Un " for the green newsprint used. Teesside Teesside ( / ˈ t iː s aɪ d / ) is a built-up area around the River Tees in North East England , split between County Durham and North Yorkshire . The area contains
SECTION 10
#1732790107862792-505: A township in the parish of Stainton in 1887. Its population was given as 132. During this time the land was sold off by the Turner estate. World wars During the Second World War Ingleby Barwick stood near to the south-western perimeter of Thornaby Airfield and a number of aircraft crashed where Ingleby Barwick now stands. On 11 June 1940 a Coastal Command Lockheed Hudson crashed at Quarry Farm killing
858-437: A unitary authority with the county council abolished in 1996. In 1998 the neighbouring Borough of Darlington gained unitary authority status. Tees Valley was initially a statistical sub-region of North East England across the four former Cleveland boroughs and the Borough of Darlington. This name and area carried over to an enterprise partnership formed in 2011 and a combined authority created in 2016, twenty years after
924-402: Is a brilliant white pigment used in paints, Polo mints , cosmetics, UV sunscreens, plastics, golf balls, the white part of a traffic cone and sports field line markings. In 1860 William James established an alkali company at Cargo Fleet and in 1869 Samuel Sadler also set up a factory nearby. Sadler's works produced synthetic aniline and alzarin dyestuffs and distilled tar. The introduction of
990-676: Is a nine-hole venue with full facilities including an American Golf Shop – which is also home to a floodlight driving range which is the only double decker version in the North of England. Ingleby is home to a 25-metre swimming pool at the IB Leisure complex. Angling takes place along the banks of the River Tees that run through Ingleby Barwick. The North Bank is controlled by the Thornaby Angling Association and
1056-527: Is also apparent in the town and a Roman Villa , was excavated in part. This has been preserved as public open space at Condercum Green in The Rings area of Ingleby Barwick. Building work at Quarry Farm discovered prolific concentrations of multi period flintwork along the South Bank of the River Tees and traces of Iron Age field patterns were discovered. A Roman Villa c. 200 AD , perhaps
1122-538: Is divided into several areas that include: 2.Barwick Pond Ingleby Barwick is surrounded by water on three sides. It is bordered by the Leven to the south and west, the Tees to the north and west, and Bassleton Beck to the east. Barwick pond, in the centre of the town, is a small Local Nature Reserve . Barwick Farm is an operating farm adjacent to The Rings. The main spinal path (Barwick Lane) through Ingleby Barwick
1188-447: Is needed. Ingleby is derived from Old Norse Englar+by, a group of Angles ' place. Barwick is of Anglo-Saxon in origin, Bere is Old English for barley and Wick means farm. A '-by' suffix is a homophone to the word 'bee' and such place with the suffix are common locally: Maltby , Thornaby and Coulby Newham . The by-laws are reminant of by's use as a word for a place type, the word itself has come to be pronounced in this case as
1254-531: The Borough of Stockton-on-Tees , North Yorkshire , England. It is south of the River Tees and north-east of the River Leven . Large scale development of the town started in the late 1970s on farm land south-west of Thornaby , the first development being officially opened on 30 July 1981 by the mayor of Stockton-on-Tees. At a parish council meeting in February 2007, the parish gained town status in with
1320-686: The Dissolution of the Monasteries . Ingleby and Barwick were two separate places. Between the 14th to 17th century, it is not known when Barwick merged with Ingleby as a parish. Between the 14th and 16th centuries landowners in the area included the Percys of Northumberland and the Parrs of Nottingham. The Middle Ages are considered to have ended with the Renaissance in the mid 15th century. In
1386-523: The Solvay Process to make alkali in 1872 made nearby Tyneside alkali industry uneconomical but helped Teesside industry which was invigorated by the discovery of further salt deposits at Port Clarence near Seal Sands by Bell Brothers in 1874. The chemical industry was established at Billingham in 1918 by the Government for the production of synthetic ammonia , with its intended use being
SECTION 20
#17327901078621452-562: The Teesside & Hartlepool Urban Area . Teesside industry is dominated by the commodity and integrated chemical producers in the North East of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC). These companies are based on three large chemical sites at Wilton , Billingham and Seal Sands . These companies make products such as petrochemicals , commodity chemicals , fertilizers and polymers . Salt extraction for human consumption and had taken place at Seal Sands since Roman times through
1518-523: The 17th century the Manor of Barwick was sold to Sir Thomas Lynch, Governor of Jamaica and then to Sir William Turner of Kirkleatham . After 1611, it is not known when the two separate places of Barwick and Ingleby combined their names or if Ingleby developed as a separate settlement or spawned from and then re-merged with Barwick. The land was in the ownership of the Turners, with them gaining profits from
1584-571: The 2001 figure of 8,921. If this definition is taken into consideration, with the addition of the Eaglescliffe area and Marske, Teesside would have a population of approximately 492,954 people. The nearby Hartlepool built-up area is sometimes grouped with the area, due to it previously being in Cleveland county. The Hartlepool area has an urban population of 88,855 an increase of 3% from the 2001 figure of 86,085 and this can be referred to as
1650-561: The Middlesbrough Exchange Co. Ltd. and the Cleveland Mineowners' Association also being preserved. Teesside continues to be used locally to refer to the entire urban area and the name can still be seen in the following uses: It has also been adopted for various other purposes as a synonym for the former county of Cleveland . Ingleby Barwick Ingleby Barwick is a town and civil parish in
1716-401: The River Tees then become known as "The Steel River" leaving its old nickname "Ironopolis" behind. In 1881 Hugh Reid (Liberal politician) described how "The iron of Eston has diffused itself all over the world. it furnishes the railways of the world; it runs by neapolitan and papal dungeons; it startles the bandit in his haunt in cicilia; it crosses over the plains of Africa; it stretches over
1782-566: The Riverside Industrial Estate which houses a printing press. Teesside Gazette changed the title of its cover page from "Evening Gazette" to "The Gazette" in 2014 after the company began releasing the newspaper to newsagents on mornings instead of evenings as it had done previously. It mainly provides local news, but also covers national, international and sports news as well as having various supplements relating to lifestyle, business, and events. Many local newspapers in
1848-592: The South by the Lower Tees Angling Association. Ingleby is accessible by three roads: Queen Elizabeth Way (north), Ingleby Way (east) and Barwick Way (south). The latter two lead to the A1044 due to the road switching from east-west to north-south in nearby Maltby. Barwick Way leads to the road when it is under as Low Lane while Ingleby Way the road the road is under as Thornaby Road, the latter
1914-525: The abolition of the Cleveland county. The authority is headed by a mayor, presently William Boyle. The area had an estimated population of 567,600 in 2000. The Teesside Built-up Area (BUA) , previously the Teesside Urban Area in 2001, identified by the ONS for statistical purposes had a population of around 376,633 according to the 2011 census which is up 3% on the 2001 figure of 365,323, and had
1980-672: The area since 1869, when it was founded as the North-Eastern Daily Gazette by the Scot , and eventual Liberal Member of Parliament for Aston Manor , Hugh Gilzean Reid . It was also at this time, that a first premises were established on Zetland Road, Middlesbrough. Historical copies of the Daily Gazette , dating back to 1870, are available to search and view in digitised form at The British Newspaper Archive . Later The Gazette Media Company Ltd who also publish
2046-548: The community has been represented by Independent councillors and those from the Conservative party and Ingleby Barwick Independent Society (IBIS). They are currently six councillors that represent the town's wards. 2001 Census The United Kingdom Census 2001 found Ingleby Barwick had 5,862 households and a population of 16,280, of which 8,272 were male and 8,008 female. The town consists largely of owner-occupied properties and private rental properties making up 98% of
Teesside Live - Misplaced Pages Continue
2112-561: The discovery of a rich seam of iron ore to the south of the region gradually drew iron and steel manufacture towards Teesside. In 1850 iron ore was discovered in the Cleveland Hills near Eston to the south of Middlesbrough and Iron gradually replaced coal as the lifeblood of Eston. The ore was discovered by geologist John Marley and first used by John Vaughan, the principal ironmaster of Middlesbrough who along with his German business partner Henry Bolckow had already established
2178-437: The employment is from outside of Ingleby Barwick. The largest industry of employment was manufacturing accounting for 16.6% of the workforce. 50% of those working were in roles either in professional occupations or in companies at senior managerial levels. Continued development of the area means the population of the town is expanding dramatically. Estimates put the population of Ingleby Barwick at 22,290 in mid 2016. The town
2244-430: The following subdivisions: Eaglescliffe (north) and Yarm (south) are counted as a separate Yarm urban area, separated by a narrow gap, which had a population of 19,184 according to the 2011 census; up 5% from the 2001 figure of 18,335. Infilling development may join the two urban areas together. Marske-by-the-Sea is another separate Urban Area nearly contiguous with Redcar with a population of 8,282 down 7% from
2310-402: The four crew after the bomb load exploded on crashing. On 28 April 1941 a Bristol Blenheim crashed at Barwick Lane killing all three crew. On 18 December 1941 a Lockheed Hudson stalled soon after take off and crashed into Quarry Farm killing the five crew and four civilians. On 4 September 1942 a Lockheed Hudson crashed at Myton House Farm killing the four crew. The last aircraft accident was
2376-514: The free Herald & Post newspaper. The Teesside Gazette occupied the Gazette building on Borough Road in the centre of Middlesbrough for almost 80 years; and in April 2018, it moved to a new premises on Hudson Quays, Middlehaven . This houses the editorial staff as well as various operational departments such as advertising and newspaper sales. There is a further Gazette Media Company site on
2442-465: The land used to support a free school and hospital at Kirkleatham. Industrial revolution The north of Ingleby Barwick was formerly quarried for Whinstone. Much of this area now forms Ingleby Barwick Golf Academy and northern part of The Rings. Evidence of a tramway system and jetty on historic Ordnance Survey maps suggest that the Whinstone was exported by boat. Ingleby Barwick is listed as being
2508-643: The latter two being in the Stokesley Rural District until Cleveland was created. The Teesside name is still used as a synonym for Tees Valley with most signage and local business retaining the name. The Royal Commission , proposed in the Redcliffe-Maud Report , a large unitary authority called Teesside. It would have covered what came to be the County of Cleveland in addition to Whitby and Stokesley . The County of Cleveland
2574-823: The main estate roads which lead to a number of traffic calming measures on main roads throughout the town. In 2016, due to the housing development of The Rings being built, Myton Way was upgraded to dual-carrigeway from the Tesco roundabout to Broom Hill, and the Sandgate roundabout was replaced with traffic signals. Ingleby Way was also dualled from the Tesco roundabout to Barwick Way roundabout. The works started on Monday 29 February 2016 and were completed on Thursday 22 December 2016, apart from some footpath work. Arriva North East operate buses in Ingleby Barwick with regular services, day & evening, to Stockton seven days
2640-519: The manufacture of munitions during the Great War . The 700 acre Grange Farm at Billingham was chosen for the site. However, by the time the plant opened the war was over and its manufacturing techniques outdated. It was taken over by Brunner Mond in 1920 and manufactured synthetic ammonia and fertilisers. Brunner Mond merged with other large scale chemical manufacturers in 1926 to form Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). Teesside's first chemical works
2706-537: The members of the Northeast of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC), and plastics and polymers continue to be manufactured there by Lotte Chemicals( PET ), SABIC ( HDPE ), Victrex ( PEEK ) and Lucite International ( Perspex ). Nylon 66 manufacture ceased on Teesside in 2008 with the Invista manufacturing unit closed. Coke ovens used in chemical production at Billingham were replaced in 1962 by plants using
Teesside Live - Misplaced Pages Continue
2772-472: The mid-20th century produced a special sports edition on Saturday evening. Before football results were widely available on television and radio such editions were the source of results for players of the football pools . Serious players needed the results as soon as possible since, on afternoons where there were relatively few matches ending in a draw, the payouts from the pools would be large and claims would have to be made quickly, typically by telegram . While
2838-727: The most northerly in UK, was excavated in part. The "official" report on the excavation was published in 2013 with the title "A Roman Villa at the Edge of Empire" ( ISBN 978-1-902771-90-8 ) After the Norman Conquest the Manor of Barwick was given to Robert Malet, the son of William Malet, William the Conqueror ’s great chamberlain. In the 13th century the land was owned by the Priors of Guisborough Priory and Jervaulx Abbey until
2904-547: The mouth of the Tees estuary and the subsequent discovery of ironstone in the Cleveland Hills which attracted iron companies to the area. The British Steel Collection archives the company records of iron and steel companies such as Bolckow & Vaughan , Bell Brothers , Cochrane & Co. Ltd. , Dorman, Long & Co. Ltd. , South Durham Steel & Iron Co. Ltd. , Cargo Fleet Iron Company and Skinningrove Iron Co. Ltd. With records of associated institutions such as
2970-474: The name is spelt, Bar-wick. This reflects the name's origin as two separate words. Both ways are common in Ingleby Barwick itself. The settlement of Ingleby Barwick has been occupied for thousands of years. There are traces of human occupation from as far back as the Stone Age . Work at a former farm discovered prolific multi period flintwork and Iron Age field patterns in the town. A salvage excavation
3036-474: The parish council split in 1990. Ingleby Barwick Parish Council became a town council in 2007, therefore giving the settlement town status. It has 6 councillors from 4 May 2023, rather than the 12 previously allocated, due to a Boundary Commission error. The town council manage The Rings Community Hub Rings and the war memorial in Romano Park. In 2021 the council attracted controversy after they declined
3102-521: The passing of a resolution under the Local Government Act 1972 s245(6). In 2011, the population of the civil parish of Ingleby Barwick was 20,378, its two electoral wards (which also include the settlements of Hilton , Maltby , High Leven and Low Leven ) had a population of 21,045. Ingleby Barwick was originally two settlements under a single joint parish, it is common to shorten the name to Ingleby in speech unless disambiguation
3168-404: The plains of India. it has crept out of the Cleveland Hills where it has slept since Roman days, and now like a strong and invincible serpent, coils itself around the world" By 1929 the great depression began to effect Britain and the famous name of Bolckow-Vaughan merged with neighbour Dorman-Long & Co. who then became Britain's biggest iron and steel maker and employed 33,000 people. In 1954
3234-477: The plant operating today. The British Steel Collection, now housed at Teesside University , contains the records of over forty iron and steel companies based in the Teesside area of the North East of England and covers the period c. 1840 –1970. The history of Teesside and its rapid growth during the 19th century is directly linked to the expansion of the railways from Darlington and Stockton towards
3300-487: The population. Council housing makes up the other 2%. Ethnic diversity is minimal in Ingleby Barwick. Over 95% of residents class themselves as White British. The population is generally younger than average for Stockton-On-Tees with a mean age of 31.87 highlighting the high proportion of families with children in the town. In 2011 however, 92% of Ingleby Barwick's 21,045 residents were White British, 5.2% Asian and 0.4% Black. Residents of Ingleby Barwick tend to have attained
3366-563: The post-war boom saw Dorman-Long build a state of the art steelworks at Lackenby and then new blast furnaces at Clay Lane. 1967 saw Dorman-Long become part of the nationalized British Steel Corporation as production boomed in Britain and in 1979 the largest blast furnace in Europe was erected at BSC's new Redcar plant. This plant which was subsequently acquired and operated by Corus, Tata Steel and then Sahaviriya Steel Industries (SSI) who are still
SECTION 50
#17327901078623432-482: The regular evening edition typically "went to bed" in mid-afternoon, if not earlier, the sports edition had to be on news stands as soon as possible after the conclusion of football games across the country. Most games started at 3 p.m. and concluded around 4:45 p.m. The sports edition was usually available by 6 p.m. It was popular with newsagents who capitalized on the rush of customers its appearance generated to sell cigarettes and other " impulse buys ". The edition
3498-479: The steam naphtha process, which enabled use of crude oil as feedstock for a process known as cracking. This proved to be a much cheaper way to produce ethylene , aromatics , petroleum derivatives and other chemicals such as ammonia . From 1964 to 1969 four large oil refineries were erected at the mouth of the Tees, two by Phillips Petroleum and one each by ICI and Shell. Their main purpose was to supply Billingham's chemical industry. A 138-mile (222 km) pipeline
3564-429: The towns of Middlesbrough , Stockton-on-Tees , Billingham , Redcar , Thornaby-on-Tees , and Ingleby Barwick . Teesside's economy was once dominated by heavy manufacturing until deindustrialisation in the latter half of the 20th century . Chemical production continues to contribute significantly to Teesside's economy. Before the county of Cleveland was created, the area (including Stockton-on-Tees) existed as
3630-542: The use of panning. This continued throughout the 20th century and left caverns which are now used as liquid/gas storage facilities for the process industry. In 1859, rock salt deposits were discovered in Middlesbrough by Henry Bolckow and Vaughan while boring for water. This led to heavy chemical industry moving to the area. Salt works were established at Haverton Hill in 1882 by the Bell Brothers. It
3696-494: Was built in 1968 for the transport of ethylene and linked chemical works on Teesside with chemical plants at Runcorn. Today, ConocoPhillips operate oil refinery sites while Ensus Energy and Harvest Energy have biorefineries, the latter two produce biodiesel and bioethanol as transport fuels. SABIC operate the ethylene cracker at Wilton. Before 1846 Walbottle, Elswick, Birtley, Ridsdale, Hareshaw, Wylam, Consett, Stanhope, Crookhall, Tow-Law and Witton Park all had iron works but
3762-533: Was carried out on the former Windmills Fields of the town, at the end of 1996. Five individual burials were found along with a wooden cist , these finds were accompanied by objects containing stone, jet and copper alloy of high status. This site was considered of European significance as it threw new light on the settlement of the area in the Bronze Age and highlighted a change in tradition of burial traditions and trade networks at this time. A Roman settlement
3828-568: Was created in 1974. It was smaller and included a county and four borough councils than the Redcliffe-Maud report's single council. The name was also changed from Teesside to Cleveland as the report's area South of the River Tees corresponded to the Langbaurgh Wapentake, which had the alternative name of Cleveland . Cleveland Police was retained, along with other institutions covering the four boroughs. Each borough became
3894-536: Was established the following year to make oil and petrol from creosote and coal by a process called hydrogenation . In 1946 another large chemical works opened on Teesside at Wilton , on the south side of the River Tees . Further lands were purchased by ICI in 1962 at Seal Sands, where land had been reclaimed from the sea, becoming the third large-scale chemical manufacturing site on Teesside. Today all three Teesside chemical sites at Billingham, Wilton, and Seal Sands remain in use for large-scale chemical manufacture by
3960-473: Was formerly designated as the A1045. Due to its nature as a commuter town Ingleby Barwick has long faced traffic congestion at peak times. Speeding has also been a problem within the main roads in the town. On 15 July 2011, 9-year old Brandon Maggs died after being hit by a speeding car driven by a pizza delivery driver on Roundhill Avenue. This prompted residents to launch a campaign to reduce speeding on
4026-531: Was originally the access road for this farm. Ingleby Barwick is home to a football club – Thornaby & Ingleby Barwick Football Club – known as 'TIBS' and is based at Thornaby Road. It has a senior men's team playing in the North Riding Football League. There are also 3G and 4G football pitches available at the two secondary schools – All Saints and Ingleby Manor – as well at Bannatyne's leisure complex. Ingleby Barwick Golf Course
SECTION 60
#17327901078624092-427: Was producing 2 million tonnes of pig iron a year. Iron was in big demand in Britain in the late 19th century, particularly for the rapid expansion of the railways. More and more blast furnaces were opened in the vicinity of Middlesbrough to meet this demand such that by the end of the century Teesside was producing about a third of the nation's iron output. Middlesbrough, which became known by its nickname " Ironopolis ",
4158-400: Was small compared to the regular edition, often as few as three broadsheets , making twelve pages when folded. Plenty of space was devoted to advertising, as well as lists of results and short descriptions of games. In the 1960s The Gazette began printing the sports edition on pink newsprint . Soon the edition began to be known as "the Pink". To encourage people to buy the sports edition at
4224-426: Was the first firm to begin large scale salt production in the area, this required some workers in from Cheshire. Salt-making interests of the Bell Brothers were bought by Brunner Mond & Co of Cheshire in 1890. Brunner Mond became a giant of the area's chemical-making in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. During the 20th century, salt extraction on the Tees's north bank (by aqueous hydraulic means) resulted in
4290-435: Was visited in 1862 by then prime minister William Ewart Gladstone who said "This remarkable place, the youngest child of England's enterprise, is an infant, but if an infant, an infant Hercules" By the 1870s steel, a much stronger and more resilient metal, was in big demand and Middlesbrough had to compete with Sheffield as the major producer. In 1875 Bolckow and Vaughan opened the first Bessemer Steel plant in Middlesbrough and
4356-493: Was when Robert Wilson produced sulphuric acid and fertilisers at Urlay Nook near Egglescliffe in 1833. In 1928, anhydrite was mined from below Billingham for making sulphuric acid , a component for detergent and fertilizer manufacturing. Ammonia and fertiliser works are operated by CF Fertilisers. Billingham's plastic manufacturing began in 1934. This was one of the earliest sites in the world where large-scale manufacture of these materials took place. Another chemical plant
#861138