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73-427: Sengstacke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: John H. Sengstacke (1912–1997), American newspaper publisher Robert A. Sengstacke (1943–2017), American photojournalist See also [ edit ] Robert Sengstacke Abbott (1870–1940), American lawyer, newspaper publisher, and editor [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with

146-609: A Louisiana Creole from New Orleans and Los Angeles . They had three children, John Herman Henry Sengstacke III; Lewis Willis Sengstacke, named for Myrtle's side; and Robert Abbott Sengstacke , named in honor of his uncle. Myrtle was an activist in her own right, working at political fundraising, as well as cultural and art activities. In 1940, Sengstacke founded the National Newspaper Publishers Association , to bring together African-American publishers of newspapers. He served as president of

219-495: A census designated place in 1980 U.S. Census . According to the census of 2010, there were 12,743 people, 6,117 households, and 3,637 families residing in the CDP, occupying a land area of 15.94 square miles (41.3 square kilometres). The population density was 799.4 inhabitants per square mile (308.7/km ). There were 9,931 housing units at an average density of 623.0 units per square mile (240.5 units/km ). The racial makeup of

292-653: A nature preserve containing trails, historical ruins, and an undisturbed maritime forest. The tract, Cannon's Point Preserve, is open to the public on specified days and hours. Originally inhabited by the Muscogee , the Spanish, British and French contested the area of South Georgia which included St. Simons Island. After establishing the Province of Georgia in 1732, Anglo-American colonists established rice and cotton plantations worked by African slaves, who created

365-484: A Congregationalist minister, teacher and publisher. The elder Sengstacke was the son of Herman Sengstacke, a German sea captain, and his wife Tama Melrose, a former slave from West Africa whose freedom he purchased in Georgia. She died young after the birth of their daughter. Sengstacke returned to Germany, taking his mixed-race children for relatives to raise while he was on ships. Later, Sengstacke and his son returned to

438-482: A canopy of live oaks and other hardwoods draped in Spanish moss continues to shade much of the island. The abundance of food provided by the marshes, estuaries , and vegetation attracts various wildlife on the land, sea, and in the air. Commonly sighted land and amphibious animals include white-tailed deer , marsh rabbits , raccoons , minks , alligators , armadillos , terrapins and frogs . Overhead, along

511-555: A post office on St. Simons. Tourism is the primary economic driver in the St. Simons Island economy. Major industries include hospitality, food services, retail, service businesses, and the professions. The largest employers are the Sea Island Company, King & Prince Resort and Rich Products Consumer Brands Division. Visitors have been coming to St. Simons Island since the late 19th century, first by boat, disembarking at

584-529: A reality to residents of St. Simons Island when a German U-boat sank two oil tankers in the middle of the night. The blasts shattered windows as far away as Brunswick, and unsubstantiated rumors spread about German soldiers landing on the beaches. Security measures were tightened after the sinkings, and anti-submarine patrols from Glynco Naval Air Station in Brunswick ultimately ended the U-boat threat. During

657-496: A settlement on the site two centuries before the first European contact. Cannon's Point, on the north end of St. Simon's Island, is an archaeological site that includes a Late Archaic shell ring . The Cannon's Point site has yielded evidence of occupation by Native Americans since at least as early as the appearance of ceramics in the southeastern United States. Milanich lists the succession of periods at Cannon's Point as: Sapelo Period (2500–1000 BC); ceramics related to those of

730-426: A sub-chief who had been left to guard the village. The San Buenaventura men withdrew to the woods, and the pirates burned the village and mission. After the pirates burned the mission, the people of Guadalquini moved to a site about one league west of San Juan del Puerto on the St. Johns River, where a new mission named Santa Cruz de Guadalquini was established. Fort Frederica, now Fort Frederica National Monument ,

803-491: A village of un-Christianized Yamasee to the north of San Buenaventura on St. Simon Island, in 1680. A force of Spanish soldiers and Native Americans from San Buenaventura went to the aid of Colon, forcing the raiders to withdraw. In 1683, St. Augustine was attacked by a pirate fleet, and in 1684 missions along what is now the Georgia coast were attacked by Native American allies of the English. The mission of San Buenaventura

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876-459: A year-old son Robert, whom he treated as his own. Robert Abbott took his stepfather's surname as his middle name. The Sengstackes also had seven children together, including Alexander; they were half-siblings to Robert Abbott. Beginning in 1905, when Abbott had settled in Chicago after getting a law degree, he founded and published The Chicago Defender . It rapidly achieved high circulation in

949-632: Is 45 inches per year. Rainfall is greatest in August and September when passing afternoon thunderstorms are typical. Accumulation of snow/ice is extremely rare. The last recorded snow on St. Simons was in 1989. The island is located in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 9a. According to the United States Census Bureau , the CDP has a total area of 17.7 square miles (46 km ), 15.9 square miles (41 km ) of which

1022-546: Is a barrier island and census-designated place (CDP) located on St. Simons Island in Glynn County , Georgia , United States. The names of the community and the island are interchangeable, known simply as "St. Simons Island" or "SSI", or locally as "The Island". St. Simons is part of the Brunswick metropolitan statistical area , and according to the 2020 U.S. census , the CDP had a population of 14,982. Located on

1095-712: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles John H. Sengstacke A nephew of newspaper founder, Robert Sengstacke Abbott , Sengstacke was Abbott's designated heir to take over the Chicago Defender , which he did after his uncle's death in 1940. Sengstacke also published the Michigan Chronicle in Detroit ; the Tri-State Defender in Memphis, Tennessee ; and acquired

1168-592: Is held annually in November at the Sea Island Golf Club on St. Simons Island. In 2013 The Sea Island Golf Club was ranked by Golf Digest as one of America's top 50 golf courses for women. Ecotourists come to enjoy the natural surroundings, bird-watching, and Cannon's Point Preserve. Hiking and bicycling are popular year-round activities. St. Simons Island is also a magnet for photographers and painters. Its selection of scenic and historic venues, such as

1241-416: Is known as "Old Ironsides", as cannonballs bounced off its hard live oak planking. The second phase of lumber production on the island began in the late 1870s when mills were constructed in the area surrounding Gascoigne Bluff. The mills supported a vibrant community that lasted until just after the turn of the twentieth century. During this time, lumber from St. Simons was shipped to New York City for use in

1314-429: Is land and 1.7 square miles (4.4 km ) of it (10 percent) is water. A diverse and complex ecology exists alongside residential and commercial development on St. Simons Island. The island shares many features common to the chain of sea islands along the southeastern U.S. coast, such as sandy beaches on the ocean side, marshes to the west, and maritime forests inland. Despite centuries of agriculture and development,

1387-739: Is part of a cluster of barrier islands and marsh hammocks between the Altamaha River delta to the north, and St. Simons Sound to the south. Sea Island forms the eastern edge of this cluster, with Little St. Simons on the north and the marshes of Glynn plus the Intracoastal Waterway to the west. St. Simons is located at 31°9′40″N 81°23′13″W  /  31.16111°N 81.38694°W  / 31.16111; -81.38694 (31.161250, -81.386875), midway between Savannah, Georgia and Jacksonville, Florida, and approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of Brunswick, Georgia ,

1460-692: The Pittsburgh Courier in 1966, re–opening it the next year as the New Pittsburgh Courier . Sengstacke worked with President Franklin D. Roosevelt to have African-American reporters admitted to presidential press conferences. He pressed for opportunities in the United States Postal Service for African Americans. One of Sengstacke's major political goals was to desegregate the armed forces. President Harry Truman supported this goal, naming Sengstacke to

1533-975: The Woodville Times , founded by his namesake grandfather. Abbott groomed Sengstacke to take over the Chicago Defender, paying for his nephew's education at Hampton Institute , his own alma mater and a historically black college . During the summers Sengstacke worked on the Defender, graduating from Hampton in 1934. Abbott also subsidized his nephew's additional studies at the Mergenthaler Linotype School, The Chicago School of Printing, Northwestern University, and Ohio State University. Abbott appointed Sengstacke as vice president and general manager of The Robert S. Abbott Publishing Company in 1936, after he had assisted as an aide. In 1939 Sengstacke married Myrtle Elizabeth Picou,

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1606-564: The Canadian arctic . As a result of all this avian activity, Gould's Inlet and East Beach on St. Simons Island have designated stops on the Colonial Coast Birding Trail. The waters off St. Simons Island are likewise home to a great variety of sea life, including dolphins , right whales , a wide diversity of gamefish , and the occasional manatee . On late spring and summer nights, loggerhead sea turtles arrive on

1679-453: The Gullah tribe from South Carolina. An original slave cabin still stands at the intersection of Demere Rd. and Frederica Rd. at the roundabout. During the early stages of the war, Confederate troops occupied St. Simons Island to protect its strategic location at the entrance to Brunswick harbor. However, in 1862, Robert E. Lee ordered an evacuation of the island to relocate the soldiers for

1752-639: The Stallings culture of the Savannah River valley and Orange period of northern Florida; Refuge Period (1000–500 BC); Deptford Periods (500 BC to AD 700); Wilmington Period (700–1000); St. Catherine's Period (1000–1250); Savannah Periods (1250–1540); Pine Harbor Period (1540–1625), where European artifacts appear in the archaeological record in this period; and Sutherland Bluff Period (1625–1680), where Native American occupation of Cannon's Point seems to have ended during this period. Many scholars in

1825-483: The dunes along East Beach. Jumping mullet and tiny bait fish populate the coastal waters. Dolphin sightings are common, particularly off the island's south coast. In September 2012, following an 18-month fund-raising effort, the St. Simons Land Trust acquired a 608-acre tract of undeveloped land in the northeast portion of the island. The acreage includes maritime forest, salt marsh , tidal creek, and river shoreline, as well as ancient shell middens and remains of

1898-416: The surname Sengstacke . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sengstacke&oldid=942778856 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

1971-463: The 2020 American Community Survey , the median household income increased to $ 90,408 with a mean of $ 120,362. Families had a median household income of $ 117,466; married-couple families $ 125,652; and non-family households $ 52,607. The primary housing units on St. Simons Island are single-family homes and condominiums. Prices vary with market trends, but housing is generally available in a wide range of prices, depending on location. In 2010, according to

2044-587: The CDP was 94.8 percent White, 2.8 percent African American, 0.1 percent Native American, 1.0 percent Asian, 1.53 percent from other races, and 0.7 percent from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2 percent of the population. By the 2020 census , there were 14,982 people, 6,836 households, and 4,346 families in the CDP. The racial and ethnic makeup of the CDP by 2020 was 91.5% non-Hispanic white, 1.92% Black or African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.75% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 2.67% multiracial, and 3.0% Hispanic or Latino of any race. In 2010,

2117-603: The Courier and the Negro cause. She will be a guiding force in leading this paper to bigger and better things in the future. Two years later, the paper won the John B. Russwurm Award for the best national African-American newspaper. John Sengstacke died on May 28, 1997. His chain of newspapers was run under a family trust until 2003. It was sold to Real Times, whose investors included people with family and business ties to him. Among

2190-685: The Georgia Continental Battalions at Fort Howe to march to Darien, Georgia . There they boarded three Georgia Navy galleys: Washington , commanded by Captain John Hardy; Lee , commanded by Captain John Cutler Braddock; and Bulloch , commanded by Captain Archibald Hatcher. On April 18, they entered Frederica River and anchored about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from Fort Frederica . The next day

2263-477: The John Couper plantation of the early 19th century. The Preserve is open to the public on Saturdays, Sundays, and Mondays, 9 AM-3 PM, for hiking, bicycling, bird-watching, and picnicking. The Preserve also features a launch site for kayaks, canoes, and paddleboards and an observation tower at the north end. St. Simons was first listed as an unincorporated place in the 1950 U.S. Census and then designated

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2336-525: The South, some 5 million from 1940 to 1970. The second wave of migration was chiefly to California and other West Coast cities, as people were attracted by jobs in the defense industry. In the postwar period, veterans and other African Americans pressed for civil rights in the South, where most black citizens had been disenfranchised since the turn of the century, kept in second-class status under Jim Crow , confined to segregated spaces. In 1956, Sengstacke turned

2409-465: The St. Simons Lighthouse and Christ Church , have made the island a popular wedding site. As a travel destination, St. Simons Island has received recommendations from several travel publications and websites, including Condé Nast Traveler , Travel+Leisure , Smithsonian Magazine , Coastal Living, Country Living , and TripAdvisor . Many creative artists are drawn to St. Simons Island as residents and visitors. Painters and photographers work to capture

2482-412: The U.S. Census Bureau, there were 9,931 housing units on the island, 6,117 of which were occupied either by the owners (74%) or renters (26%); and 2,662 were held for "seasonal, recreational, or occasional use." Most of the remainder were for rent (6%) or for sale (4%). In 2020, the median value of owner-occupied housing units was $ 386,000 with a monthly cost of $ 2,010. The U.S. Postal Service operates

2555-572: The US. Several years later, John H. Sengstacke was ordained as a Congregationalist minister. After settling in Woodville, now a neighborhood of Savannah, Georgia , he became a teacher to improve black education, and a publisher of two local newspapers, including the Woodville Times. Sengstacke had married the widow Flora Butler Abbott, a former slave from St. Simon's Island, Georgia . She had

2628-400: The association for seven term, seeking to bring publishers together to increase their voice in the industry. It has grown to have 200 members in the 21st century. In 1940, Abbott died and John Sengstacke inherited his uncle's newspaper, becoming president of the company. His role was challenged by Edna Abbott, his uncle's widow, and he had to continue a suit for 10 years before gaining control of

2701-572: The beach to lay their eggs. Area naturalists monitor and protect nests, and guided turtle walks are available. Shrimping is still important to the region, and shrimp boats are often seen just off the beaches. Like most barrier islands, St. Simons Island beaches constantly shift as tides, wind, and storms move tons of sand annually. Along with umbrellas and folding chairs, beach-goers can encounter fast-moving ghost crabs , sand dollars , giant horseshoe crabs , and moving conch shells powered by resident hermit crabs . Sea oats and morning glories cover

2774-572: The commission he formed in 1948 to integrate the military. Sengstacke died in 1997 at age 84. In 2000, he was posthumously presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by U.S. President Bill Clinton . John Herman Henry Sengstacke was born in Savannah , Georgia , to Herman Alexander (called Alexander) Sengstacke and his wife Rosa Mae Davis on November 25, 1912. He was named for his paternal grandfather, John H. Sengstacke,

2847-529: The construction of the Brooklyn Bridge . In contrast to the post-Civil War era, the decline of lumber did not open a new period of economic hardship; for a new industry was taking hold on St. Simons Island. As early as the 1870s, summer cottages were being constructed on the island's south end, and a small village was forming to serve them. Construction of the pier in 1887 brought visitors by boat from Brunswick and south Georgia. The Hotel St. Simons, on

2920-466: The defense of Savannah, Georgia . Before departing, they destroyed the lighthouse to prevent its use as a navigation aid by U.S. Navy forces. Most property owners then retreated inland with the people they enslaved, and the U.S. Army occupied the island for the remainder of the war. Postwar, the island plantations were in ruins, and landowners found it financially unfeasible to cultivate cotton or rice. Most moved inland to pursue other occupations, and

2993-592: The early 20th century as the African-American population expanded in Chicago and other northern cities by the Great Migration . It became known as the major Black newspaper of the country, and Abbott became a millionaire by 1918. When his nephew John H.H. Sengstacke was young, Abbott noticed his interest and work on his father's newspaper, and designated him as Abbott's successor for the Chicago Defender. Young John worked with his father Alexander on

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3066-523: The early 20th century identified the people of St. Simons Island as Guale . Hann cites evidence that the people of St. Simons, at least as early as 1580, were part of the Mocama people. Ashley et al. suggest that St. Simons may have been occupied by the Guale people when Europeans arrived in southeastern Georgia in the 16th century and that the original Guale population on St. Simons was displaced from at least

3139-771: The federal government. Considerable discrimination had taken place due to the political power of the Solid South ; its white conservative Democrats had strong influence in Congress due to having disenfranchised African Americans in the South. In 1947, Sengstacke helped co-found Americans for Democratic Action with: Joseph Alsop , Stewart Alsop , Chester Bowles , John Kenneth Galbraith , Leon Henderson , Hubert Humphrey James I. Loeb , Reinhold Niebuhr , Joseph P. Lash , Joseph L. Rauh, Jr. , Walter Reuther , Eleanor Roosevelt , Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. , and Wilson W. Wyatt One of Sengstacke's major goals at

3212-461: The galleys attacked the British vessels. The Colonial ships were armed with heavier cannons than the British, and the galleys also had a shallow draft and could be rowed. When the wind died down, the British ships had difficulty maneuvering in the restricted waters of the river and sound. Two British ships ran aground, and the crews escaped to their other ships. The battle showed the effectiveness of

3285-589: The galleys in restricted waters over ships designed for the open sea. The victory in the Frederica Naval Action boosted the morale of the colonials in Georgia. During the plantation era , Saint Simons became a center of cotton production, known for its long-fiber Sea Island Cotton . Nearly the entire island was cleared of trees to make way for several large cotton plantations worked by enslaved Geechee people and their descendants. The plantations of this and other Sea Islands were large, and often

3358-418: The island enjoys an influx of visitors and part-time residents throughout the year. The 2010 census noted that 26.8% of total housing units were for "seasonal, recreational, or occasional use". The vast majority of commercial and residential development is located on the southern half of the island. Much of the northern half remains marsh or woodland. A large tract of land in the northeast has been converted to

3431-579: The island's economy remained dormant for several years. Formerly enslaved people established a community in the center of the island known as Harrington. Saint Simons' first exports of lumber occurred after the Naval Act of 1794 when timber harvested from two thousand Southern live oak trees from Gascoigne Bluff was used to build the USS Constitution and five other frigates (see six original United States frigates ). The USS Constitution

3504-496: The island. This marked the end of the Spanish efforts to invade Georgia during the War of Jenkins' Ear . It was preserved in the 20th century and identified as a national historic site largely by the efforts of Margaret Davis Cates, a resident who contributed much to historic preservation. She helped raise more than $ 100,000 (~$ 1.6 million in 2023) in 1941 to buy the site of the fort and conduct stabilization and some preservation. It

3577-423: The late 1960s Sengstacke purchased the financially ailing black newspaper, the Pittsburgh Courier , which had achieved a national reputation during the 1930s and 1940s. It is considered to have been the most influential black newspaper in the country. He re-opened it as the New Pittsburgh Courier in 1967. He continued to be a leader in building black journalism. In 1974 Sengstacke appointed Hazel B. Garland as

3650-467: The local inhabitants had more tortures from their environment than he could describe for Hell ). In the 1730s, John Wesley's brother Charles Wesley also did missionary work on St. Simons. In the late eighteenth century, Methodist preachers traveled throughout Georgia as part of the Great Awakening , a religious revival movement led by Methodists and Baptists. A significant impact of the revival

3723-399: The median income for a household in the CDP was $ 77,694, and the median income for a family was $ 104,044. Males had a median income of $ 52,536 versus $ 39,881 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 50,043. About 1.9 percent of families and 3.7 percent of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.4 percent of those under age 18 and 2.9 percent of those age 65 or over. In

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3796-473: The national level was to desegregate the armed forces, particularly given the sacrifices of African Americans in the Armed Forces during World War II. President Harry Truman named Sengstacke to the commission he formed in 1948 to integrate the military, which started in 1949. The Great Migration had continued during and after the war years until 1970, with a total of 6.5 million African Americans leaving

3869-547: The new editor-in-chief of the New Pittsburgh Courier ; she was the former city editor and the first African-American woman to be managing editor of a national newspaper. When asked about his decision, Sengstacke replied: I have supreme confidence in Hazel, and believe that she will continue to do a great job as editor-in-chief as she did as city editor. She has proven herself over the many years of dedication to

3942-448: The new owners was Sengstacke's nephew Thomas Sengstacke Picou. In 2002, he said his plans for the New Pittsburgh Courier included more emphasis on in-depth features and arts, creating a web presence — which neither it nor the Defender had at the time — and changing its political outlook from liberal to "conservative independence". Books: Articles: St. Simon%27s Island, Georgia St. Simons Island (or simply St. Simons )

4015-426: The newspaper company. Through that period, the Defender never missed an issue. During the years of World War II, Sengstacke acted as a national spokesmen for African-American journalism and publishers. He worked with President Franklin D. Roosevelt to ensure that African-American reporters were admitted to presidential press conferences. He also worked to persuade the president to expand opportunities for blacks in

4088-548: The owners stayed on the mainland in Darien and other towns, especially during the summers, because the Island was considered swamp lands. Still, enslaved Geechee people lived on the island and were not allowed to come to the mainland unless accompanied by an enslaver. This season was considered bad for diseases in the lowlands. These enslaved people were held in smaller groups and interacted more with whites. They were also confused with

4161-434: The people at Fort Frederica . The new church was named Wesley United Methodist Church at Frederica. In 1778 Colonel Samuel Elbert commanded Georgia's Continental Army and Navy. On April 15, he learned that four British vessels (the naval vessels HMS  Galatea and HMS Hinchinbrook, and the hired vessels Rebecca , and Hatter ) from East Florida were sailing in St. Simons Sound. Elbert commanded about 360 troops from

4234-463: The pier on its south shore, and later by car via the F. J. Torras Causeway . In 1938, the McKinnon St. Simons Island Airport opened, serving general aviation. Commercial air travelers arrive via the nearby Brunswick Golden Isles Airport (BQK). Three island marinas accommodate pleasure boaters. Today, the island is marketed as one of Georgia's " Golden Isles ", and visitation occurs throughout

4307-577: The present site of Massengale Park, opened in 1888. About a decade later, two hotels were built near the pier. The arrival of the automobile and the opening of the Torras Causeway in 1924 ensured the continued growth of tourism on St. Simons, the only one of the Golden Isles not privately held. New hotels were built. Roads were constructed, and tourism became the dominant force in the Island's economy. On April 8, 1942, World War II became

4380-476: The scenic landscape, and their work is on display in several island galleries. Glynn Visual Arts is a non-profit organization serving local artists with exhibits, festivals, and classes in several media, including painting and drawing , pottery , photography , mixed media , jewelry , and many others. The Literary Guild of St. Simons Island supports writers with literary and cultural events. A non-profit theater group, The Island Players, schedules productions in

4453-531: The shore, and in the marshes, a wide variety of native and migratory shorebirds can be seen year-round. Species include sandpipers , plovers , terns , gulls , herons , egrets , hawks , ospreys , cormorants , white ibis , brown pelicans , and the southern bald eagle . The area surrounding St. Simons Island and the Altamaha River delta is an important stopover for migrating shorebirds traveling between South America and their spawning grounds in

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4526-609: The sole municipality in Glynn County and the county government seat. The Köppen Climate Classification System rates the climate of St. Simons Island as humid subtropical. Ocean breezes tend to moderate the island climate, as compared to the nearby mainland. Daytime mean highs in winter range from 61 to 68 °F (16 to 20 °C), with nighttime lows averaging 43 to 52 °F (6 to 11 °C). Summertime mean highs are 88 to 90 °F (31 to 32 °C), with average lows 73 to 75 °F (23 to 24 °C). The average rainfall

4599-504: The southeast Georgia coast, midway between Savannah and Jacksonville , St. Simons Island is both a seaside resort and residential community. It is the largest of Georgia's renowned Golden Isles (along with Sea Island , Jekyll Island , and privately owned Little St. Simons Island ). Visitors are drawn to the Island for its warm climate, beaches, variety of outdoor activities, shops and restaurants, historical sites, and natural environment. In addition to its base of permanent residents,

4672-517: The southern part of the island after the Guale rebellion of 1597 , and replaced by Timucua speaking Mocama people. The mission of San Buenaventura de Guadalquini was established on the southern end of St. Simons sometime between 1597 and 1609 (probably near the present-day St. Simons Island Light ) and was the northernmost mission in the Mocama area. The Timucua language name for St. Simon's Island

4745-513: The unique Gullah culture that survives to this day. The primary mode of travel to the island is by automobile via F.J. Torras Causeway . Malcolm McKinnon Airport ( IATA : SSI) serves general aviation on the island. Just north of the village on St. Simons Island off Mallery Street is a park of oak trees named St. Simons Park. On the southern edge of the oaks, along a narrow lane, is a low earthen mound where 30 Timucuan Native Americans are buried. The men, women, and children interred there lived in

4818-740: The war, McKinnon Airport became Naval Air Station St. Simons, home to the Navy Radar Training School. The King and Prince Hotel , built in 1941, was used as a training facility and radar station. It was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 2005. President Jimmy Carter visited the island with his brother Billy Carter in 1977, arriving by Marine One . During the postwar years, as resort and vacation travel increased, permanent residential development began to take place on St. Simons Island and surrounding mainland communities. The island's population grew from 1,706 in 1950 to 13,381 by 2000. St. Simons Island

4891-456: The weekly Chicago Defender into a daily, to keep up with changing conditions and report on black progress. At that time, The Chicago Defender was still the nation's largest African American-owned daily paper. Sengstacke also owned the Michigan Chronicle in Detroit , Michigan , where many blacks worked in the auto industry, and the Tri-State Defender in Memphis, Tennessee , another center of African-American population and businesses. In

4964-502: The year but is heaviest in the spring and summer months. Accommodations consist primarily of hotels, private rental homes, and condominium apartments along the beach and inland. Transportation is provided via taxis and vehicle rentals, including golf carts. Bicycle rentals are also available. Visitors come to St. Simons Island for its beaches, scenic vistas, water sports, fishing, sailing, golf, historical sites, and laid-back lifestyle. The PGA Tour's RSM Classic (formerly McGladrey Classic)

5037-576: Was Guadalquini . The Spanish called it Isla de Ballenas (Isle of Whales). Some Spanish documents called the island Boadalquivi . Raiders from the Chichimecos (the Spanish name for Westos ), Uchise (the Spanish name for Muscogee ), and Chiluque (a name the Spanish used for a faction of the Mocamo and for Yamassee ) and possibly other nations, aided and supported by the English in the Province of Carolina , attacked Colon (also called San Simon)

5110-509: Was built beginning in 1736 as the military headquarters of the Province of Georgia during the early English colonial period . It served as a buffer against Spanish incursion from Florida . Nearby is the site of the Battle of Gully Hole Creek and Battle of Bloody Marsh , where on July 7, 1742, the British ambushed Spanish troops marching single file through the marsh and routed them from

5183-480: Was designated as a National Monument in 1947. In the 1730s, St. Simons served as a sometime home to John Wesley , the young minister of the colony at Savannah. He later returned to England, where in 1738, he founded the evangelical movement of Methodism within the Anglican Church. Wesley performed missionary work at St. Simons but was despondent about failing to bring about conversions. (He wrote that

5256-510: Was ordered to move south and merge with the mission of San Juan del Puerto on the St. Johns River . Before the mission could be moved, pirates returned to the area in the second half of 1684. On hearing of the presence of the pirates, Lorenzo de Santiago, chief of San Buenaventura, moved the people of his village, along with most of their property and stored maize, to the mainland. When the pirates landed at San Buenaventura, they found only ten men under

5329-469: Was to convert enslaved African-Americans in Georgia (as well as those in the rest of the Thirteen Colonies ) to Christianity. On April 5, 1987, fifty-five St. Simons United Methodist Church members were commissioned, with Bishop Frank Robertson as the first pastor, to begin a new church on the north end of St. Simons Island. This was where John and Charles Wesley had preached and ministered to

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