Misplaced Pages

#724275

32-529: Pulandian District is located in the northern part of Dalian on the Liaodong Peninsula . It covers an area of 6968 square kilometers. It borders Zhuanghe to the east, Wafangdian to the west, Jinzhou District to the south and Greater Yingkou to the north. Its area is 2923 square kilometres. Pulandian has a long coast line on the Yellow Sea in its southeastern part and a short coastline on

64-662: A concentration of refugees in Liaodong. The peninsula was an important area of conflict during the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895). Defeat precipitated decline in the Qing dynasty which was exploited by colonial powers who extracted numerous concessions. The peninsula was ceded to Japan, along with Taiwan and Penghu , by the Treaty of Shimonoseki of 17 April 1895. However the ceding of Liaodong peninsula

96-423: A joint expedition against Qi. Led by the brilliant tactician Yue Yi , it was highly successful and within a year most of Qi's seventy walled cities had fallen, with the exception of Zimu and Lu. However, with the death of King Zhao and the expulsion of Yue Yi to Zhao by the new king, King Wei of Yan, General Tian Dan managed to recapture all of the cities from the 5 kingdoms. Despite the wars, Yan survived through

128-606: A largely common culture. In the Yu Gong (Tribute of Yu), a section of the Book of Documents which was most likely composed in the 4th century BC, the author describes a China that is divided into nine regions, each with its own distinctive culture and products. The core theme of this section is that these nine regions are unified into one state by the travels of the eponymous sage, Yu the Great and by sending each region's unique goods to

160-766: Is a peninsula in southern Liaoning province in Northeast China , and makes up the southwestern coastal half of the Liaodong region. It is located between the mouths of the Daliao River (the historical lower section of the Liao River ) in the west and the Yalu River in the east, and encompasses the territories of the whole sub-provincial city of Dalian and parts of prefectural cities of Yingkou , Anshan and Dandong . The word "Liaodong" literally means "Liao region's east", referring initially to

192-432: Is represented by the star Zeta Capricorni in the "Twelve States" asterism , part of the lunar mansion " Girl " in the " Black Tortoise " symbol . Yan is also represented by the star Nu Ophiuchi in the "Left Wall" asterism in the "Heavenly Market" enclosure . Before the state of Qin unified China in 221 BC, each region had its own unique customs and culture, although all were dominated by an upper class that shared

224-635: The Bohai Sea in its southwestern part. There are 18 subdistricts under the district's administration. Subdistricts: Pulandian has a population of 915,595.(est. 2015) Pulandian's industries are agriculture, fishing and the three main manufacturing industries: fabrics, electric machinery and food. This Liaoning location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Liaodong Peninsula The Liaodong or Liaotung Peninsula ( simplified Chinese : 辽东半岛 ; traditional Chinese : 遼東半島 ; pinyin : Liáodōng Bàndǎo )

256-650: The Gojoseon kingdom, which encompassed the northern Korean Peninsula and the region southeast of the Liao River. In the late 4th century BC, the expanding Chinese State of Yan conquered this region from Gojoseon , and established the Liaodong Commandery . After the fall of the Yan state , the region was taken over by the short-lived Qin dynasty , and then its prominent successor Han dynasty . After

288-503: The Han dynasty during the war between Han and Chu in order to keep his title, but once the war was finished he revolted. Liu Bang (later Emperor Gaozu of Han ) sent Fan Kuai and Zhou Bo to put down the rebellion, and they captured and executed Zang Tu. His son Zang Yan fled to exile among the Xiongnu . Lu Wan became the new King of Yan and reigned there for most of Liu Bang's life, until

320-529: The People's Republic of China was established in 1949, Liaodong was again under unified Chinese rule, where it has been to this day. 40°00′N 122°30′E  /  40.000°N 122.500°E  / 40.000; 122.500 State of Yan Yan ( Chinese : 燕 ; pinyin : Yān ; Old Chinese pronunciation: * ʔˤe[n] ) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty . Its capital

352-647: The Qin dynasty . In 207 BC, the Qin dynasty collapsed and China resumed a state of civil war . King Wu Chen of Zhao eventually sent General Han Guang to conquer Yan for Zhao, but upon his conquest, Han Guang appointed himself King of Yan. Han Guang had sent General Zang Tu to assist Xiang Yu , the king of Chu , in his war against Qin. When Zang Tu returned, Han Guang was ordered to become King of Liaodong instead. When Han Guang refused, Zang Tu killed him and declared himself King of both Yan and Liaodong. Zang Tu submitted Yan to

SECTION 10

#1732783546725

384-696: The Warring States period Yan commandery of Liaodong , which encompassed an area from modern Liaoning- Jilin border in the north to the Chongchon River on the Korean Peninsula in the south, and from just east of the Qian Mountains to a now-disappeared large wetland between the western banks of middle Liao River and the base of Yiwulü Mountain , historically known as the "Liao Mire " (遼澤, Liáo zé ) roughly in between

416-520: The Warring States period from the 5th to 3rd centuries BC, Yan was one of the last states to be conquered by the armies of Qin Shihuang : Yan fell in 222 BC, the year before the declaration of the Qin Empire . Yan experienced a brief period of independence after the collapse of the Qin dynasty in 207 BC, but it was eventually absorbed by the victorious Han . During its height, Yan stretched from

448-698: The Yellow River to the Yalu River and from the mountains of Shanxi to the Liaodong Peninsula . As the northernmost of all the Chinese states during this time period, Yan faced incursions from steppe nomads and as such, built great walls. According to Sima Qian 's Records of the Grand Historian , King Wu of Zhou deposed King Zhou of Shang at the Battle of Muye ( c.  1046 BC ) and conferred titles to nobles within his domain, including

480-691: The Han dynasty fragmented at the turn of the 3rd century, the region changed hands between various warlord states such as the Gongsun Yuan , the nomadic Wuhuan , and Cao Wei , before eventually falling under the reunified Western Jin dynasty . However, after the Western Jin fell from the Uprising of the Five Barbarians and during the subsequent chaotic Sixteen Kingdoms periods, the region

512-527: The King of Zhou in present-day Xi'an and was awarded a position in the king's court. Some time during the 7th century BC in the late Western Zhou or early Eastern Zhou , Yan absorbed the State of Ji , a smaller kingdom to the north and moved its capital to that of Ji in modern-day Xicheng District , Beijing. To the south, the bordering states of Zhao and Qi were Yan's main rivals. The mountainous border in

544-597: The Warring States period. In 227 BC, with Qin troops on the border after the collapse of Zhao, Crown Prince Dan sent an assassin named Jing Ke to kill the king of Qin (later Qin Shi Huang ), hoping to end the Qin threat. The mission failed, with Jing Ke dying at the hands of the King of Qin in Xianyang . Surprised and enraged by such a bold act, the king of Qin called on Wang Jian to destroy Yan. Crushing

576-615: The bloody Siege of Port Arthur . As a consequence of the Treaty of Portsmouth (5 September 1905), which ended the Russo-Japanese War, both sides agreed to evacuate Manchuria and return it to China, with the exception of the Liaodong Peninsula leased territory which was transferred to Japan, which was to administer it as the Kwantung Leased Territory . After Japan lost World War II , and

608-401: The bulk of the Yan army at the frozen Yi River , Ji fell the following year and the ruler, King Xi, fled to the Liaodong Peninsula. In 222 BC, Liaodong fell as well, and Yan was overrun by Qin. Yan was the third to last state to fall, and with its destruction the fates of the remaining two kingdoms were sealed. In 221 BC, Qin conquered all of China, ending the Warring States period and founding

640-496: The capital as tribute. Other texts also discussed these regional variations in culture and physical environments. One of these texts was The Book of Master Wu , written in response to a query by Marquis Wu of Wei on how to cope with the other states. Wu Qi , the author of the work, declared that the government and nature of the people were reflective of the terrain they live in. Of Yan, he said: Yan's defensive formations are solid but lack flexibility(燕陳守而不走). and: The Yan are

672-522: The emperor discovered that he had sent officials to the courts of the rebel Chen Xi and the Xiongnu chanyu Modu . Summoned to the imperial court, Lu Wan feigned illness and then fled to the Xiongnu, who honored him as the King of the Eastern Nomads ( Donghu ) until his death. In the meantime, Yan came under direct control of the Han dynasty and was treated as a princely appanage . Yan

SECTION 20

#1732783546725

704-411: The minister took advantage and seized power. While this crisis happened, in 314 BC Qi invaded and in a little over several months practically conquered the country. However, due to the misconduct of Qi troops during the conquest of Yan a revolt eventually drove them away and the borders of Yan were restored. Yan's new king, King Zhao of Yan then plotted with the states of Zhao, Qin , Han and Wei for

736-597: The modern Xinmin , Liaozhong , Tai'an , Panshan and Beizhen ). The modern usage of "Liaodong" ,however, simply refers to the half of Liaoning province to the left/east bank of the Liao/Daliao River. The Liaodong Peninsula lies on the northern shore of the Yellow Sea , dividing the Liaodong Bay (the largest of the three bays of the Bohai Sea ) to its west from the Korea Bay to its east. It forms

768-607: The northern nomadic tribes. The currency of Yan was crafted into the shape of a knife, a form closely associated with the nomads. This form of currency might have been specially made for trade with the nomads, demonstrating the importance of commercial relations with them. The strongest opposition came from the Qi, one of the strongest states in China. A succession crisis started in Yan in 325 BC when king Zikuai symbolically resigned his throne in favor of his minister Zizhi to prove his humility;

800-525: The rulers of the Yan. In the 11th century BC, Yan's capital was based in what is now Liulihe Township , Fangshan District , Beijing , where a large walled settlement and over 200 tombs of nobility have been unearthed. Among the most significant artifacts from the Liulihe Site is a bronze ding with inscriptions that recount the journey of the eldest son of the Duke of Yan, who delivered offerings to

832-640: The southern part of a mountain belt that continues northward in the Changbai Mountains . The part of the mountain range on the peninsula is known as the Qianshan Mountains , named after Qian Mountain in Anshan , which includes Dahei Mountain in Dalian . The Liaodong region was settled since prehistoric times by Neolithic people such as Xinle culture . It later came under the rule of

864-556: The west between Zhao and Yan became the area in which their armies often clashed. Despite this, the war between Zhao and Yan usually dragged on into a stalemate, requiring the help of other kingdoms to conclude. At the turn of the 3rd century BC, General Qin Kai launched a series of campaigns against the Donghu and Gojoseon , expanding the kingdom's frontiers nearly one thousand kilometers east to northwestern Korean Peninsula . A Great Wall

896-577: Was Ji (later known as Yanjing and now Beijing ). During the Warring States period, the court was also moved to another capital at Xiadu at times. The history of Yan began in the Western Zhou in the early first millennium BC. After the authority of the Zhou king declined during the Spring and Autumn period in the 8th century BC, Yan survived and became one of the strongest states in China. During

928-508: Was constructed on Yan's new northern borders, and five commanderies , Shanggu , Yuyang , Youbeiping , Liaoxi and Liaodong , were subsequently established for the defense against the Donghu. The Central Plains states seemed to hold Yan culture and other peripheral states like Qin in low regard. Archaeological discoveries in the state of Yan have uncovered ornaments that, while inscribed with Chinese writing, were close in style to that of

960-811: Was rescinded after the Triple Intervention of 23 April 1895 by Russia, France and Germany. In the aftermath of this intervention, the Russian government pressured the Qing dynasty to lease Liaodong and the strategically important Lüshunkou (Port Arthur) for use by the Russian Navy. As in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Liaodong peninsula was the scene of major fighting in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), including

992-582: Was ruled by Former Yan , Former Qin , Later Yan and later Goguryeo , before being reconquered by the Tang dynasty . In 698 AD, Wu Zhou 's defeat at the Battle of Tianmenling allowed the newly founded Balhae to rule the region for the next two centuries, before they were supplanted by the Khitan Liao dynasty , and followed by the Jin dynasty , Yuan dynasty , Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty . Liaodong

Pulandian, Dalian - Misplaced Pages Continue

1024-576: Was the primary destination of Shandong and Hebei refugees from the Northern Chinese Famine of 1876-1879 . A prior Qing prohibition on immigration to Northeast China was officially relaxed, marking the start of Chuang Guandong . In 1876, Chinese officials told the Customs commissioner at Yingkou that 600,000 people had landed on the Liaodong Peninsula. Government efforts to keep Manchu heartlands free of Chinese settlement resulted in

#724275