In heraldry , an inescutcheon is a smaller escutcheon that is placed within or superimposed over the main shield of a coat of arms, similar to a charge . This may be used in the following cases:
70-712: The Reichsadler ( German pronunciation: [ˈra͜içs|aːdlɐ] ; "Imperial Eagle") is the heraldic eagle , derived from the Roman eagle standard , used by the Holy Roman Emperors , later by the Emperors of Austria and in modern coat of arms of Austria and Germany . The same design has remained in use by the Federal Republic of Germany since 1950, albeit under the name Bundesadler ("Federal Eagle"). The Reichsadler , i. e.
140-533: A Roman legion , carried by a special grade legionary known as an Aquilifer , from the second consulship of Gaius Marius (104 BC) used as the only legionary standard. It was made of silver , or bronze , with outstretched wings. The eagle was not immediately retained as a symbol of the Roman Empire in general in the early medieval period. Neither the early Byzantine emperors nor the Carolingians used
210-512: A heraldic charge in a coat of arms. An early depiction of a double-headed Imperial Eagle in a heraldic shield, attributed to Frederick II of Hohenstaufen , is found in the Chronica Majora by Matthew Paris (circa 1250). Segar's Roll (circa 1280) likewise depicts the double-headed Imperial Eagle as the coat of arms of the King of Germany . The Imperial Eagle also is depicted in
280-641: A 1421 source depicts the Trapezuntine flag as yellow with a red single-headed eagle. Apparently, just as in the metropolitan Byzantine state, the use of both motifs, single and double-headed, continued side by side. Other Balkan states followed the Byzantine model as well: chiefly the Serbians , but also the Bulgarians and Albania under George Kastrioti (better known as Skanderbeg ), while after 1472
350-463: A coat of arms with a black double-headed eagle in a yellow field for Otto IV. Segar's Roll ( c. 1280 ) displays the same coat of arms, or, an eagle sable beaked and armed gules for the " king of Germany " ( rey de almayne ). Outside of these exceptional depictions (in sources from outside of Germany), the double-headed eagle remains unattested as emblem of the German kings or emperors until
420-657: A dual symbolism: On one hand it was seen as a symbol of the Roman Empire (the Roman Eagle had been introduced as the standardised emblem of the Roman legions under consul Gaius Marius in 102 BC); on the other hand, the eagle in early medieval iconography represented Saint John the Evangelist , ultimately based on the tradition of the four living creatures in Ezekiel . In early heraldry or proto-heraldry of
490-457: A regular eagle. Later heralds used the term alerion to depict baby eagles. To differentiate them from mature eagles, alerions were shown as an eagle displayed inverted without a beak or claws ( disarmed ). To difference it from a decapitate (headless) eagle, the alerion has a bulb-shaped head with an eye staring towards the dexter (right-hand side) of the field. This was later simplified in modern heraldry as an abstract winged oval. An example
560-596: A single-headed eagle with a Prussian inescutcheon became the insignia of the German Empire ; the single head was used to represent the so-called Kleindeutschland , i.e. it excluded Austria . After World War I the Weimar Republic under President Friedrich Ebert assumed a plain version of the Reichsadler , which remained in use until 1935. During Nazi rule, a stylised eagle combined with
630-575: A turkey. This has led to a misconception that Franklin actively supported a turkey or opposed an eagle for the grand seal. The French Imperial Eagle or Aigle de drapeau (lit. "flag eagle") was a figure of an eagle on a staff carried into battle as a standard by the Grande Armée of Napoleon I during the Napoleonic Wars . Although they were presented with Regimental Colours , the regiments of Napoleon I tended to carry at their head
700-402: Is an eagle flying downward in the vertical center of the shield with its back towards the viewer. Like the heraldic lion , the heraldic eagle is seen as dominating the field and normally cannot brook a rival. When two eagles are depicted on a field, they are usually shown combatant , that is, facing each other with wings spread and one claw extended, as though they were fighting. Respectant ,
770-428: Is considered in bend ("diagonal") as it is flying from the lower sinister (heraldic left, from the shield-holder's point of view) to the upper dexter (heraldic right, from the shield-holder's point of view) of the field. However, the term "in bend" is not used unless a bend is actually on the field. An eagle shown recursant has its back towards the viewer, e.g., "An eagle volant recursant descendant in pale"
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#1732764913220840-497: Is derived from a heraldic depiction of an eagle displayed (i.e. upright with both wings, both legs, and tailfeathers all outstretched). The wings are usually depicted "expanded" or "elevated" (i.e., with the points upward); displayed inverted is when the wings are depicted points downward. According to Hugh Clark, An Introduction to Heraldry , the term spread eagle refers to "an eagle with two heads, displayed", but this distinction has apparently been lost in modern usage. Most of
910-402: Is not used because the eagle is a proud animal and the word implies it is tied up or bound by a net.) Addorsed ("back to back") is when the eagle is shown statant (standing in profile and facing the right side of the field) and ready to fly, with the wings shown open behind the eagle so that they almost touch. Espanie or épandre ("expanded") is when the eagle is shown affronté (facing
980-531: Is often depicted membered (having limbs of a different color than the body) / armed (an animal depicted with its natural weapons of a different color than the body) and langued (depicted having a tongue of a different color than the body) gules (colored red), that is, with red claws / talons and tongue. In its relatively few instances in Gallo-British heraldry (e.g. the arms of the Earls of Dalhousie )
1050-468: Is the arms of the Duchy of Lorraine ( Or , on a Bend Gules , 3 Alerions Abaisé Argent ). It supposedly had been inspired by the assumed arms of crusader Geoffrey de Bouillon , who supposedly killed three white eaglets with a bow and arrow when out hunting. It is far more likely to be canting arms that are a pun based on the similarities of "Lorraine" and "erne". The Aquila was the eagle standard of
1120-400: Is the distinction between "eagle displayed with its wings elevated" and "eagle displayed with wings inverted". This is due to a regional English convention of depicting the tips of the wings pointing upward, while in continental heraldry, the tips of the wings were depicted downward ("inverted"). Later, English heraldry partially adopted the continental convention, leading to a situation where it
1190-512: Is usually blazoned simply as a crescent, and when the ends terminate in trefoils as a "crescent trefly" or "treflée". Sometimes there is a cross paty in the centre, notably in the arms of Silesia (silver on a black eagle) introduced in the early 13th century by either Duke Henry the Bearded or Duke Henry II the Pious , which occurs in numerous related arms. The informal term "spread eagle"
1260-429: Is what would come to be known as displayed ( éployée ), in direct imitation of Roman iconography . The eagle's body is depicted with lateral symmetry, but its head is facing the dexter side. In late medieval blasons, the term "eagle" (Middle French egle ) without specification refers to an "eagle displayed". In early modern English terminology, it became common to use "eagle displayed". Also specific to English heraldry
1330-470: The Reichsadler evoked sentiments of loyalty to the empire. Following the revolutions of 1848 in the German states , the Reichsadler was restored as a symbol of national unity: it became the coat of arms of the short-lived German Empire and subsequently the German Confederation from its restoration in 1850 until its dissolution in 1866. It was once again restored in 1871 when
1400-504: The Reichsadler looks to its right shoulder whereas the Parteiadler looks to its left shoulder. After World War II the Federal Republic of Germany re-implemented the eagle used by the Weimar Republic by enactment of President Theodor Heuss in 1950. Eagle (heraldry) The eagle is used in heraldry as a charge , as a supporter , and as a crest . Heraldic eagles can be found throughout world history like in
1470-588: The Achaemenid Empire or in the present Republic of Indonesia . The European post-classical symbolism of the heraldic eagle is connected with the Roman Empire on one hand (especially in the case of the double-headed eagle ), and with Saint John the Evangelist on the other. A golden eagle was often used on the banner of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia. Eagle (or the related royal bird vareghna ) symbolized khvarenah (the God-given glory), and
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#17327649132201540-563: The Achaemenid family was associated with eagle (according to legend, Achaemenes was raised by an eagle). The local rulers of Persis in the Seleucid and Parthian eras (3rd-2nd centuries BC) sometimes used an eagle as the finial of their banner. Parthians and Armenians used eagle banners, too. In Europe the iconography of the heraldic eagle, as with other heraldic beasts , is inherited from early medieval tradition. It rests on
1610-521: The Clan Hay or the noble French family of Abbeville. These mobile charges are of a particular tincture but do not necessarily bear further charges and may appear anywhere on the main escutcheon, their placement being specified in the blazon , if in doubt. Inescutcheons may also be charged with other mobile charges, such as in the arms of the Swedish Collegium of Arms (Right) which bears
1680-598: The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 , the eagle became the symbol of revolutionary Egypt , and was subsequently adopted by several other Arab states (the United Arab Emirates , Iraq , Libya , the partially recognised State of Palestine , and Yemen ). Inescutcheon Inescutcheons may appear in personal and civic armory as simple mobile charges, for example the arms of the House of Mortimer ,
1750-524: The Imperial Eagle . This was the bronze sculpture of an eagle weighing 1.85 kg (4 lb), mounted on top of the blue regimental flagpole. They were made from six separately cast pieces and, when assembled, measured 310 mm (12 in) in height and 255 mm (10 in) in width. On the base would be the regiment's number or, in the case of the Guard , Garde Impériale . The eagle bore
1820-681: The Kleestängel , as in the Polish arms (white on a white eagle, formerly also gold on a white eagle ) and others derived from it, or to the Brustspange as below. Brustspange , also Brustmond or Brustsichel , is an elongated crescent across the breast and wings (in effect, a pair of Kleestängel extended to join each other). As with Kleestängel , there is no specific English term for this charge as it does not occur in English heraldry: it
1890-637: The current royal house of Sweden retains the French Imperial Eagle on its dynastic inescutcheon , as his founder, Jean Bernadotte , was a Marshal of France and Prince of Pontecorvo . Naturalistic eagles are often used in military emblems, such as the emblem of the Royal Air Force (United Kingdom), NATO School , the European Personnel Recovery Centre , etc. In Arab nationalism , with
1960-689: The heraldry of the Catholic Monarchs . This election alludes to the queen's great devotion to the evangelist that predated her accession to the throne. The Eagle of St. John supported the shields used by Catherine of Aragon , daughter of the Catholic Monarchs, as queen consort of England, and by Mary I and King Philip as joint monarchs of England. In Spain, Philip bore the Eagle of St John (variously one or two) in his ornamented armorial achievements until 1668. The Eagle of
2030-553: The quarter-dollar ), and in various American corporate logos past and present, such as those of Case and American Eagle Outfitters . Benjamin Franklin is quoted in a letter to his daughter regretting the eagle's use as a national symbol, calling it a "bird of bad moral character" that steals from other birds and is easily frightened, and joking that it is good that the eagle in the Cincinnati's proposed seal looked more like
2100-564: The 1270s used a chequered eagle. The Moravian Eagle (without chequering) was first documented on the seal of Ottokar's uncle, Margrave Přemysl (d. 1239) and is thus likely derived from the coat of arms of the Přemyslid dynasty , who in the early 13th century used a "flaming eagle" coat of arms alongside the Bohemian lion for the Kingdom of Bohemia . Heraldic eagles are enduring symbols used in
2170-599: The 12th century, however, the eagle as a heraldic charge was not necessarily tied to either imperial or biblical symbolism. The Anglo-Norman L'Aigle family , who held Pevensey castle and the Borough of Pevensey, used the eagle as an emblem in an instance of canting arms . The earliest known use of the eagle as a heraldic charge is found in the Great Seal of Leopold IV of Austria , dated 1136. Adalbert I, Duke of Teck used an eagle in his seal in c. 1190 . By
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2240-494: The 1430s. In the 14th century, the German kings use the royal banner ( Königsfahne ) with the single-headed eagle. The earliest pictorial representations of this date to the first half of the 14th century ( Codex Balduini ). This banner develops into the Reichssturmfahne (imperial war flag) with the double-headed Reichsadler (imperial eagle) by the mid-15th century. Sigismund (r. 1433–37) still uses either
2310-567: The 16th century, eventually, the depiction of the eagle becomes more extravagant and ferocious, the animal being depicted "it in as ornamental and ornate a manner as possible". Fox-Davies (1909) presents a schematic depiction of this evolution, as follows: The depiction of the heraldic eagle is subject to a great range of variation in style. The eagle was far more common in continental European —particularly German —than English heraldry , and it most frequently appears Sable (colored black) with its beak and claws Or (colored gold or yellow). It
2380-434: The Evangelist , the author of the fourth gospel account, is symbolized by an eagle , king of the birds, often with a halo . The eagle is a figure of the sky, and believed by Christian scholars to be able to look straight into the sun. The best-known heraldic use of the Eagle of St. John has been the single supporter chosen by Queen Isabella of Castile in her armorial achievement used as heiress and later integrated into
2450-582: The Evangelist was restored as single supporter holding the 1939, 1945 and 1977 official models of the armorial achievement of Spain , but been removed in 1981 when the current design was adopted. The eagle was used by the Spanish dictator Francisco Franco as a symbol of his regime. It is also frequently used in modern civic heraldry . The eagles in the Polish , Moravian and Silesian coats of arms are based on 13th-century dynastic arms. The Silesian Piasts
2520-682: The German Imperial Eagle , originated from a proto-heraldic emblem that was believed to have been used by Charlemagne , the first Frankish ruler whom the Pope crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in AD 800, and derived ultimately from the Aquila , i. e. eagle standard , of the ancient Roman army . An eagle statue was erected on the roof of the Carolingian palace, and an eagle was placed on
2590-460: The Nazi swastika was made the national emblem ( Hoheitszeichen ) by order of Adolf Hitler in 1935. Despite its medieval origin, the term " Reichsadler " in common English understanding is mostly associated with this specific Nazi-era version. The Nazi Party had used a very similar symbol for itself, called the Parteiadler ("Party's eagle"). These two insignia can be distinguished as
2660-584: The Romans , who pre-deceased his father in 1654 and never became emperor, is given a single-headed eagle only). Use of the double-headed eagle is first attested in Byzantine art of the 10th century. Its use as an imperial emblem, however, is considerably younger, attested with certainty only in the 15th century, i.e. at about the same time the double-headed eagle was also adopted in the Holy Roman Empire. There are speculative theories according to which
2730-469: The bird, and the traditional heraldic attitude of the "eagle displayed". The American bald eagle has been a popular emblem throughout the life of the republic, with an eagle appearing in its current form since 1885 , in the flags and seals of the President , Navy , Marine Corps , Air Force , Justice Department , Defense Department , Postal Service , and other organizations, on various coins (such as
2800-463: The double-headed eagle was first introduced as a dynastic emblem of the Komnenoi , from as early as the 11th century. The Palaiologoi emperors appear to have used the double-headed eagle often as ornamental emblem on their robes etc. during the 13th and 14th century, but only in the 15th century as an emblem on coins or seals. In the 15th century, the double-heade eagle was first used as an emblem by
2870-595: The eagle in their coins or seals. It appears that the eagle is only revived as a symbol of Roman imperial power in the high medieval period , being featured on the sceptres of the Ottonians in the late 10th century, and the double-headed eagle gradually appearing association with the Komnenos dynasty in the 11th and 12th centuries. The eagle is used as an emblem by the Holy Roman Emperors from at least
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2940-566: The eagle was adopted by Muscovy , when Ivan III of Russia married Sophia , daughter of Thomas Palaiologos . The Serbian eagle (in the modern coat of arms of Serbia , 1882) is derived from the coat of arms of the Nemanjić dynasty (16th century), in turn derived from the Byzantine imperial eagle. Use of the double-headed eagle for Serbia is among the examples of early representations in Western portolans ( Angelino Dulcert 1339). John
3010-424: The eagle's head is facing at a three-quarter view to give the appearance of depth – with the head cocked at an angle somewhere between profile and straight-on. Overture or close is when the wings are shown at the sides and close to the body, always depicted statant (standing in profile and facing the right side of the field). ( Trussed - the term when depicting domestic or game birds with their wings closed -
3080-502: The eagles used as emblems of various monarchs and states are displayed , including those on the coats of arms of Germany , Romania , Poland and the United States . Displayed is the most common attitude, with examples going back to the early Middle Ages. An eagle rising or rousant ( essorant ) is preparing to fly, but its feet are still on the ground. It is the eagle's version of statant (standing in profile and facing
3150-402: The head is raised and the beak is closed. The leading edge of the wings (in German heraldry termed Sachsen or Saxen , representing the main bones in the bird's wing, humerus and ulna) are rolled up at the ends into a spiral shape, with the remiges shown vertical. The tail is represented as a number of stiff feathers. By the later 14th century, the head is straightened, and the beak opens, with
3220-413: The heraldic eagle by the end of the medieval period became so strongly associated with the Holy Roman Empire that the eagle was rarely used as an independent heraldic charge. Examples of continued use of an eagle in coats of arms based on traditions of the 13th century include the Polish , Moravian , and Silesian coats of arms. By far the oldest and most common manner of depicting the eagle in heraldry
3290-550: The heraldic eagle. They represent the upper edge of the wings and are normally Or (gold / yellow), like the beak and claws, as in the arms of Brandenburg or several versions of the arms of Prussia . Reinmar von Zweter fashioned the Klee-Stengeln of his eagle into a second and third head. In Polish the term is przepaska , which means "cloth" or "band" (in Latin, "perizonium" or "perisonium"), which may refer either to
3360-424: The husband of a heraldic heiress , the sole daughter and heiress of an armigerous man (i.e. a lady without any brothers), rather than impaling his wife's paternal arms as is usual, must place her paternal arms in an escutcheon of pretence in the centre of his own shield as a claim ("pretence") to be the new head of his wife's family, now extinct in the male line. In the next generation the arms are quartered by
3430-569: The lands of the Habsburg monarchy , and adopted the double-headed eagle, aggrandized by an inescutcheon emblem of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the Order of the Golden Fleece , as its coat of arms; the Holy Roman Empire was subsequently dissolved in 1806. Since 1919 the coat of arms of Austria has depicted a single-headed eagle. Although not a national symbol in the modern sense,
3500-668: The late medieval period, in German heraldry the eagle developed into a symbol of the Holy Roman Empire , and thus became comparatively rare outside of coats of arms derived from the Imperial Eagle. The Imperial Eagle was and is denominated the Reichsadler . The first evidence of the use of the double-headed Imperial Eagle dates to the mid-13th century ( Chronica Majora , c. 1250 ; Segar's Roll , c. 1280 ). The German kings continued use of
3570-536: The national coats of arms of a number of countries: Since 20 June 1782, the United States has used its national bird , the bald eagle , on its Great Seal ; the choice was intended to at once recall the Roman Republic and be uniquely American (the bald eagle being indigenous to North America). The representation of the American Eagle is thus a unique combination between a naturalistic depiction of
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#17327649132203640-567: The orb of Emperor Otto III . Emperor Frederick Barbarossa popularised use of the eagle as the Imperial emblem by using it in all his banners, coats of arms, coins, and insignia. The Ottonian and Salian Emperors had themselves depicted with the Roman "eagle sceptre", and Emperor Frederick II depicted the Imperial Eagle on his coins. Before the mid-13th century, however, the Imperial Eagle was an Imperial symbol in its own right, and not used yet as
3710-446: The outermost feathers are typically longer and point upward. An eagle can appear either single- or double-headed ( bicapitate ), in rare cases triple-headed ( tricapitate ) eagle is seen. An eagle can be displayed with his head turned to the sinister (left side of the field). In full aspect describes an eagle with his head facing the onlooker. In trian aspect (a rare, later 16th and 17th century heraldry term) describes when
3780-527: The privilege of displaying the Imperial Eagle in its coat of arms, which privilege Emperor Frederick II granted it. The black Imperial Eagle was later adopted when the Teutonic State was transformed into the Duchy of Prussia in 1525, and a modified version was used in the arms of Royal Prussia (1466–1772). In 1804, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II established the Austrian Empire from
3850-531: The quality did not match the originals. The workmanship was of a lesser quality and the main distinguishing changes had the new models with closed beaks and they were set in a more crouched posture. Napoleon also used the French Imperial Eagle in the heraldry of the First Empire , as did his nephew Napoleon III during the Second Empire . An eagle remains in the arms of the House of Bonaparte and
3920-567: The right side of the field). There is sometimes confusion between a rousant eagle with displayed wings and a displayed eagle. The difference is that rousant eagles face to the right and have their feet on the ground and displayed eagles face the viewer, have their legs splayed out, and the tail is completely visible. There is a debate over whether rousant or displayed is the eagle's default depiction. Volant describes an eagle in profile shown in flight with wings shown addorsed and elevated and its legs together and tucked under. It
3990-526: The same significance to French Imperial regiments as the colours did to British regiments - to lose the eagle would bring shame to the regiment, who had pledged to defend it to the death. Upon Napoleon's fall, the restored monarchy of Louis XVIII of France ordered all eagles to be destroyed and only a very small number escaped. When the former emperor returned to power in 1815 (known as the Hundred Days ) he immediately had more eagles produced, although
4060-443: The seals of free Imperial cities , including that of Kaiserswerth in the 13th century, Lübeck in the 14th century, Besançon , Cheb , and others. Use of the Imperial Eagle in the Imperial coat of arms of a reigning emperor dates to after the interregnum . Sigismund of Luxembourg used a black double-headed Imperial Eagle after he was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in 1433; thereafter the single-headed Imperial Eagle represented
4130-578: The semi-autonomous Despots of the Morea , who were younger imperial princes, and by the Gattilusi of Lesbos , who were Palaiologan relatives and vassals. The double-headed eagle was used in the breakaway Empire of Trebizond as well. Western portolans of the 14th–15th centuries use the double-headed eagle (silver/golden on red/ vermilion ) as the symbol of Trebizond rather than Constantinople. Single-headed eagles are also attested in Trapezuntine coins, and
4200-568: The single-headed eagle during the 14th century. In Italy , the Ghibelline faction (the faction loyal to the Emperor in the drawn-out conflict between emperors and popes) began to display or an eagle sable in chief of their coats of arms, known as capo dell'impero or "chief of the empire". Similarly, German cities began to incorporate the Imperial Eagle into their seals and coats of arms to imply Imperial immediacy . From such usage, use of
4270-399: The single-headed or the double-headed eagle. Consistent use of the double-headed eagle only begins with the Habsburg emperors (with Frederick III , 1440). After 1558 ( Ferdinand I ), the title of King of the Romans is used for the emperor's heir apparent; the double-headed eagle now represents the emperor, and the single-headed eagle the emperor's heir apparent (thus, Ferdinand IV, King of
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#17327649132204340-534: The son. A monarch's personal or hereditary arms may be borne on an inescutcheon en surtout over the territorial arms of his/her domains, as in the arms of Spain , the coats of arms of the Danish royal family members, the greater coat of arms of Sweden , or the arms of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England (1653–1659). The early Georgian kings of England bore an inescutcheon of
4410-449: The term used for depicting domestic or game animals shown facing each other, is not used because eagles are aggressive predators. When two eagles are shown back-to-back and facing the edges of the field the term used is addorsed / endorsed or adossés ("back-to-back"). This term is used when three or more Eagles are shown on a field. They represent immature eagles. Originally the term erne or alerion in early heraldry referred to
4480-501: The three crowns of Sweden , each upon its own escutcheon upon the field of the main shield. These inescutcheons serve as a basis for including other charges that do not serve as an augmentation or hereditary claim. In this case, the inescutcheons azure allow the three crowns of Sweden to be placed upon a field, thus not only remaining clearly visible but also conforming to the rule of tincture . Inescutcheons may also be used to bear another's arms in " pretence ". In English heraldry
4550-420: The time of Otto III (late 10th century), in the form of the "eagle-sceptre". Frederick Barbarossa ( r. 1155–90) is reported as having displayed an eagle on his banner, Otto IV ( r. 1209–15) an eagle hovering over a dragon. The first evidence of the use of the Reichsadler (imperial eagle) proper dates to the mid-13th century. Matthew Paris ' Chronica Majora ( c. 1250 ) displays
4620-475: The title of King of the Romans and the double-headed one the title of Emperor . During the following century, Albert II of Germany was the final King-Elect of Germany who did not progress to coronation as Emperor. After the German Reformation , beginning with Ferdinand I (1558), the Holy Roman Emperors ceased to be crowned by the Pope . The Teutonic Order under Hermann von Salza had
4690-414: The tongue becoming visible. The rolling-up of the leading edge of the wings disappears. The claws now form an acute angle relative to the body, occasionally receiving a "hose" covering the upper leg. The tail feathers now spread out in curved lines. In the 15th century, the leading edge of the wings become half-circles, with the remiges no longer vertical but radiating outward. The legs form a right angles. In
4760-489: The viewer with the head turned to the dexter ) and the wings are shown with the tips upward. Abaisé or abaissé ("lowered") is when the eagle is shown affronté (facing the viewer) and the wings are shown with the tips downward. A good example is the eagle on the reverse side of the US quarter-dollar coin . Kleestängel , also Kleestengel or Klee-Stengeln ("clover-stems"), are the pair of long-stemmed trefoil-type charges originating in 13th-century German depictions of
4830-455: Was the first branch of Piast dynasty to use an eagle for their coat of arms. The first documented use of the Upper Silesian Eagle was on the Casimir I of Opole 's seal in 1222 and was later followed by the first use of the Lower Silesian Eagle by the Henry II the Pious in 1224. Przemysł II was the first Polish ruler to use the Polish Eagle as a coat of arms to represent the whole of Poland in 1295. The Margraviate of Moravia from at least
4900-409: Was unclear whether the two forms should be considered equivalent. In German heraldry , no attitude other than "eagle displayed with wings inverted" ever became current, so that the simple blason of "eagle" ( Adler ) still refers to this configuration. There is a gradual evolution of the standard depiction of the heraldic eagle over the course of the 12th to 16th centuries. In the 12th to 13th century,
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