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149-494: It is recognized as the only Hitchcock film based on a true story and whose plot closely follows the real-life events. The Wrong Man had a notable effect on two significant directors: it prompted Jean-Luc Godard 's longest piece of written criticism in his years as a critic, and it has been cited as an influence on Martin Scorsese 's Taxi Driver . Alfred Hitchcock (or a double; he is in silhouette) appears on screen to tell

298-460: A caméra-stylo " . In 1960 Godard shot Le petit soldat ( The Little Soldier ). The cast included Godard's future wife Anna Karina . At this time Karina had virtually no experience as an actress. Godard used her awkwardness as an element of her performance. Godard and Karina were a couple by the end of the shoot. She appeared again, along with Belmondo, in Godard's first color film, A Woman Is

447-416: A humanist rather than Marxist perspective." Godard was married three times, to actresses Anna Karina and Anne Wiazemsky , both of whom starred in several of his films, and later to his longtime partner Anne-Marie Miéville . His collaborations with Karina—which included such critically acclaimed films as Vivre sa vie (1962), Bande à part (1964) and Pierrot le Fou (1965)—were called "arguably

596-519: A photojournalist who has links with a right-wing paramilitary group working for the French government, is ordered to murder a professor accused of aiding the Algerian resistance. He is in love with Veronica Dreyer, a young woman who has worked with the Algerian fighters. He is captured by Algerian militants and tortured. His organisation captures and tortures her. In making Le petit soldat , Godard took

745-424: A police lineup by an employee of the insurance company who had witnessed the robberies, he is arrested on charges of armed robbery. Attorney Frank O'Connor sets out to prove that Manny cannot possibly be the right man. At the time of the first hold-up, he was on vacation with his family, and at the time of the second, his jaw was so swollen that witnesses would certainly have noticed. Of the three people with whom

894-501: A 168-page magazine about the opening of the sports arena. The magazine's editors and writers were not informed of the agreement, which breached the Chinese wall that traditionally has separated advertising from journalistic functions at American newspapers. Publisher Mark Willes also had not prevented advertisers from pressuring reporters in other sections of the newspaper to write stories favorable to their point of view. Michael Kinsley

1043-788: A Democratic newspaper, were both afternoon competitors. By the mid-1940s, the Times was the leading newspaper in terms of circulation in the Greater Los Angeles . In 1948, it launched the Los Angeles Mirror , an afternoon tabloid, to compete with both the Daily News and the merged Herald-Express . In 1954, the Mirror absorbed the Daily News . The combined paper, the Mirror-News , ceased publication in 1962, when

1192-534: A May 2007, mostly voluntary, reduction in force , characterized the decrease in circulation as an "industry-wide problem" which the paper had to counter by "growing rapidly on-line", "break[ing] news on the Web and explain[ing] and analyz[ing] it in our newspaper." The Times closed its San Fernando Valley printing plant in early 2006, leaving press operations to the Olympic plant and to Orange County . Also that year

1341-558: A Woman (1961), their first project to be released. The film was intended as a homage to the American musical . Adjustments that Godard made to the original version of the story gave it autobiographical resonances, "specifically in regard to his relationship with Anna Karina." The film revealed "the confinement within the four walls of domestic life" and "the emotional and artistic fault lines that threatened their relationship". Godard's next film, Vivre sa vie ( My Life to Live , 1962),

1490-768: A boarding school in Thonon to prepare for the retest, which he passed, he returned to Paris in 1949. He registered for a certificate in anthropology at the University of Paris (Sorbonne), but did not attend class. In Paris, in the Latin Quarter just prior to 1950, ciné-clubs (film societies) were gaining prominence. Godard began attending these clubs—the Cinémathèque Française , Ciné-Club du Quartier Latin (CCQL), Work and Culture ciné club, and others—which became his regular haunts. The Cinémathèque

1639-636: A companion piece to Tout va bien , the pair made Letter to Jane , a 50-minute "examination of a still" showing Jane Fonda visiting with the Viet Cong during the Vietnam War . The film is a deconstruction of Western imperialist ideology. This was the last film that Godard and Gorin made together. In 1978 Godard was commissioned by the Mozambican government to make a short film. During this time his experience with Kodak film led him to criticise

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1788-637: A customer walking into the Stork Club, but he edited himself from the final print. Many scenes were filmed in Jackson Heights , the neighborhood where Manny lived when he was accused. Most of the prison scenes were filmed among the convicts in a New York City prison in Queens . The courthouse was located at the corner of Catalpa Avenue and 64th Street in Ridgewood . Bernard Herrmann composed

1937-486: A feature film. He travelled to the 1959 Cannes Film Festival and asked Truffaut to let him use the story on which they had collaborated in 1956, about car thief Michel Portail. He sought money from producer Georges de Beauregard , whom he had met previously while working briefly in the publicity department of Twentieth Century Fox 's Paris office, and who was also at the Festival. Beauregard could offer his expertise, but

2086-570: A field day in his art of characterization and suspense". Harrison's Reports was also positive, calling it "grim but absorbing melodramatic fare", with Henry Fonda and Vera Miles "highly effective" in their roles. Jean-Luc Godard , in his lengthy treatise on the film, wrote, "The only suspense in The Wrong Man is that of chance itself. The subject of this film lies less in the unexpectedness of events than in their probability. With each shot, each transition, each composition, Hitchcock does

2235-443: A film critic for the influential magazine Cahiers du Cinéma , Godard criticised mainstream French cinema's "Tradition of Quality", which de-emphasised innovation and experimentation. In response, he and like-minded critics began to make their own films, challenging the conventions of traditional Hollywood in addition to French cinema . Godard first received global acclaim for his 1960 feature Breathless , helping to establish

2384-495: A film without a clear political message, Belmondo played on the word 'scandal' and the 'freedom' that the Scandal girdle supposedly offered women, the context of a Marxist critique of commodification , of pop art derision at consumerism, and of a feminist denunciation of women's false 'liberation', was enough to foster a dialectical reading of the joke and the whole story." The way Godard treated politics in his cinematic period

2533-428: A grocery store. Manny visits Rose at the hospital to share the good news, but she remains severely depressed. Still, it is said that she recovers two years later. Cast notes A Hitchcock cameo is typical of most of his films. In The Wrong Man , he appears only in silhouette in a darkened studio before the credits at the beginning of the film, announcing that the story is true. Originally, he intended to be seen as

2682-506: A group of students and engaged with the ideas coming out of the student activist groups in contemporary France. Released just before the May 1968 events , the film is thought by some to have foreshadowed the student rebellions that took place. That same year, Godard made a more colourful and political film, Week End . It follows a Parisian couple as they leave on a weekend trip across the French countryside to collect an inheritance. What ensues

2831-672: A homage to Jean Cocteau . The film was shot in Godard's hotel room on the rue de Rennes and apparently reflected something of the 'romantic austerity' of Godard's own life at this time. His Swiss friend Roland Tolmatchoff noted: "In Paris he had a big Bogart poster on the wall and nothing else." In December 1958, Godard reported from the Festival of Short Films in Tours and praised the work of, and became friends with, Jacques Demy , Jacques Rozier , and Agnès Varda —he already knew Alain Resnais whose entry he praised—but Godard now wanted to make

2980-529: A lightweight handheld camera and a minimum of added lighting; Coutard had experience as a documentary cameraman while working for the French army's information service in Indochina during the French-Indochina War . Tracking shots were filmed by Coutard from a wheelchair pushed by Godard. Though Godard had prepared a traditional screenplay, he dispensed with it and wrote the dialogue day by day as

3129-528: A local Metromix site targeting live entertainment for young adults. A free weekly tabloid print edition of Metromix Los Angeles followed in February 2008; the publication was the newspaper's first stand-alone print weekly. In 2009, the Times shut down Metromix and replaced it with Brand X , a blog site and free weekly tabloid targeting young, social networking readers. Brand X launched in March 2009;

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3278-437: A man who had robbed the insurance company and other businesses, and that he might be their man. Manny is instructed to walk in and out of a liquor store and a delicatessen that had also been robbed by the same man. He is asked to write the words from a stick-up note used by the robber in the insurance company robbery; he misspells the word "drawer" as "draw"—the same mistake made in the robber's note. After being picked out of

3427-547: A movie poster showing Humphrey Bogart —from The Harder They Fall , his last film (whose expression the lead actor Jean-Paul Belmondo tries reverently to imitate)—visual quotations from films of Ingmar Bergman , Samuel Fuller , Fritz Lang , and others; and an onscreen dedication to Monogram Pictures , an American B-movie studio. Quotations from, and references to literature, include William Faulkner , Dylan Thomas , Louis Aragon , Rilke , Françoise Sagan , and Maurice Sachs . The film also contains citations in images or on

3576-538: A number of major publications and writers, including The New York Times , Boston Globe critic Ty Burr , Washington Post blogger Alyssa Rosenberg, and the websites The A.V. Club and Flavorwire , announced that they would boycott press screenings of future Disney films. The National Society of Film Critics , Los Angeles Film Critics Association , New York Film Critics Circle , and Boston Society of Film Critics jointly announced that Disney's films would be ineligible for their respective year-end awards unless

3725-455: A petty criminal, Michel Portail, who had shot a motorcycle policeman and whose girlfriend had turned him in to the police, but Truffaut failed to interest any producers. Another project with Truffaut, a comedy about a country girl arriving in Paris, was also abandoned. He worked with Rohmer on a planned series of short films centering on the lives of two young women, Charlotte and Véronique; and in

3874-666: A postmodern production of the play by William Shakespeare . Also completed in 1987 was a segment in the film Aria which was based loosely from the plot of Armide ; it is set in a gym and uses several arias by Jean-Baptiste Lully from his famous Armide . His later films were marked by great formal beauty and frequently a sense of requiem: Nouvelle Vague ( New Wave , 1990), the autobiographical JLG/JLG, autoportrait de décembre ( JLG/JLG: Self-Portrait in December , 1995), and For Ever Mozart (1996). Allemagne année 90 neuf zéro ( Germany Year 90 Nine Zero , 1991) which

4023-463: A series of innovative video works for European broadcast television, titled Six fois deux/Sur et sous la communication (1976) and France/tour/détour/deux/enfants (1978). From the time that Godard returned to mainstream filmmaking in 1980, Anne-Marie Miéville remained an important collaborator. After the events of May 1968 , when the city of Paris saw a total upheaval in response to the "authoritarian de Gaulle ", and Godard's professional objective

4172-732: A somber case history that merely points a finger of accusation. His principals are sincere and they enact a series of events that actually are part of New York's annals of crime but they rarely stir the emotions or make a viewer's spine tingle. Frighteningly authentic, the story generates only a modicum of drama." Philip K. Scheuer of the Los Angeles Times agreed, writing, "As drama, unhappily, it proves again that life can be more interminable than fiction." Richard L. Coe of The Washington Post wrote, "Having succeeded often in making fiction seem like fact, Alfred Hitchcock in The Wrong Man now manages to make fact seem like fiction. But it

4321-784: A stiff anti-war metonym . In addition to the international conflicts to which Godard sought an artistic response, he was also very concerned with the social problems in France. The earliest and best example of this is Karina's potent portrayal of a prostitute in Vivre sa vie . In 1960s Paris, the political milieu was not overwhelmed by one specific movement. There was, however, a distinct post-war climate shaped by various international conflicts such as colonialism in North Africa and Southeast Asia. Godard's Marxist disposition did not become abundantly explicit until La Chinoise and Week End , but

4470-587: A success— The New York Times ' s critic called her a "misplaced amateur"—but Truffaut and Godard disagreed. In the role of Michel Poiccard, Godard cast Belmondo, an actor he had already called, writing in Arts in 1958, "the Michel Simon and the Jules Berry of tomorrow." The cameraman was Raoul Coutard , choice of the producer Beauregard. Godard wanted Breathless to be shot like a documentary, with

4619-473: A team of Times reporters delivered management with a critique of the paper's online news efforts known as the Spring Street Project. The report, which condemned the Times as a "web-stupid" organization, was followed by a shakeup in management of the paper's website, and a rebuke of print staffers who were described as treating "change as a threat." On July 10, 2007, the Times launched

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4768-463: A total of five films with strong Maoist messages. The most prominent film from the collaboration was Tout Va Bien (1972). The film starred Jane Fonda , who was, at the time, the wife of French filmmaker Roger Vadim . Fonda was at the height of her acting career, having won an Academy Award for her performance in Klute (1971), and had gained notoriety as a left-wing anti-war activist. The male lead

4917-409: Is a confrontation with the tragic flaws of the over-consuming bourgeoisie . The film contains an eight-minute tracking shot of the couple stuck in an unremitting traffic jam as they leave the city, cited as a technique Godard used to deconstruct bourgeois trends. Startlingly, a few shots contain extra footage from, as it were, before the beginning of the take (while the actors are preparing) and after

5066-527: Is a first cousin of former Prime Minister and later President of Peru Pedro Pablo Kuczynski . Four years after Jean-Luc's birth, his father moved the family to Switzerland. At the outbreak of the Second World War , Godard was in France, and returned to Switzerland with difficulty. He spent most of the war in Switzerland, although his family made clandestine trips to his grandfather's estate on

5215-506: Is a quasi-sequel to Alphaville , but done with an elegiac tone and focus on the inevitable decay of age. In 1990 , Godard was presented with a special award from the National Society of Film Critics . Between 1988 and 1998, he produced the multi-part series Histoire(s) du cinéma , a monumental project which combined all the innovations of his video work with a passionate engagement in the issues of twentieth-century history and

5364-488: Is believed to be suppressed by the computer. His next film was Pierrot le Fou (1965). Gilles Jacob , an author, critic, and president of the Cannes Film Festival , called it both a "retrospective" and recapitulation. He solicited the participation of Jean-Paul Belmondo , by then a famous actor, to guarantee the necessary amount of funding for the expensive film. Godard said the film was "connected with

5513-596: Is considered groundbreaking in its own right, the period stands in contrast to that which immediately followed it, during which Godard ideologically denounced much of cinema's history as bourgeois and therefore without merit. Godard's Breathless ( À bout de souffle , 1960), starring Jean-Paul Belmondo and Jean Seberg , distinctly expressed the French New Wave 's style, and incorporated quotations from several elements of popular culture—specifically American film noir . The film employed various techniques such as

5662-470: Is constant in the film. It opens with a long, ponderous montage of war images that occasionally lapses into the comic; Paradise is shown as a lush wooded beach patrolled by U.S. Marines . Los Angeles Times The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper that began publishing in Los Angeles , California, in 1881. Based in the Greater Los Angeles area city of El Segundo since 2018, it

5811-493: Is evident in several films—namely Pierrot and Une femme mariée . Godard was accused by some of harbouring anti-Semitic views: in 2010, in the lead-up to the presentation of Godard's honorary Oscar, a prominent article in The New York Times by Michael Cieply drew attention to the idea, which had been circulating through the press in previous weeks, that Godard might be an anti-Semite, and thus undeserving of

5960-484: Is free to raise or lower them as she wishes. The film was a popular success and led to Columbia Pictures giving him a deal where he would be provided with $ 100,000 to make a movie, with complete artistic control. Le petit soldat was not released until 1963, the first of three films he released that year. Le petit soldat dealt with the Algerian War of Independence . It was banned by the French government for

6109-626: Is named "Manny 'The Wrong Man' Balestrero Way", at 73rd Street and 41st Avenue. The street is not far from the former real-life Balestrero home. The theatrical release poster from The Wrong Man appears briefly in the film Zodiac (2007). The poster is on the wall in a scene where Robert Graysmith ( Jake Gyllenhaal ) is watching a news program in his flat (approx. 36:13). Jean-Luc Godard Jean-Luc Godard ( UK : / ˈ ɡ ɒ d ɑː / GOD -ar , US : / ɡ oʊ ˈ d ɑːr / goh- DAR ; French: [ʒɑ̃ lyk ɡɔdaʁ] ; 3 December 1930 – 13 September 2022)

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6258-412: Is not good nor interesting fiction." John McCarten of The New Yorker declared, "Mr. Hitchcock makes a good point about the obtuseness of a police group that holds firm to the belief that everyone is guilty until proved innocent, but his story of the badgered musician is never very gripping." The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote that the early police procedural scenes "make a powerful contribution to

6407-408: Is sometimes thought to depict a wholly masculine point of view, Phillip John Usher has demonstrated how the film, by the way it connects images and disparate events, seems to blur gender lines. Godard followed with Made in U.S.A (1966), the source material for which was Richard Stark 's The Jugger . A classic New Wave crime thriller, it was inspired by American Noir films. Anna Karina stars as

6556-528: Is the sixth-largest newspaper in the nation and the largest in the Western United States with a print circulation of 118,760. It has 500,000 online subscribers, the fifth-largest among U.S. newspapers. Owned by Patrick Soon-Shiong and published by California Times, the paper has won over 40 Pulitzer Prizes since its founding. In the 19th century, the paper developed a reputation for civic boosterism and opposition to labor unions ,

6705-693: Is the human condition." In 1998, Jonathan Rosenbaum of the Chicago Reader included the film in his unranked list of the best American films not included on the AFI Top 100 . Manny Balestrero sued the city for false arrest . Asking $ 500,000, he accepted a settlement of just $ 7,000. He earned $ 22,000 from the film (which he reportedly liked), and it went to repaying loans for Rose's care, although she never fully recovered, dying in 1984. Manny died in 1998. A street in Jackson Heights, Queens,

6854-478: The Algerian War of Independence , was notable for its attempt to present the complexity of the dispute; the film was perceived as equivocating and as drawing a "moral equivalence" between the French forces and the National Liberation Front . Along these lines, Les Carabiniers presents a fictional war that is initially romanticized in the way its characters approach their service, but becomes

7003-565: The Brand X tabloid ceased publication in June 2011 and the website was shut down the following month. In May 2018, the Times blocked access to its online edition from most of Europe because of the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation . In 1999, it was revealed that a revenue-sharing arrangement was in place between the Times and Staples Center in the preparation of

7152-615: The Chicago Cubs baseball club. He put up for sale the company's 25 percent interest in Comcast SportsNet Chicago. Until shareholder approval was received, Los Angeles billionaires Ron Burkle and Eli Broad had the right to submit a higher bid, in which case Zell would have received a $ 25 million buyout fee. In December 2008, the Tribune Company filed for bankruptcy protection . The bankruptcy

7301-580: The Democratic presidential candidate, rejected this alternative to endorsement, and after Donald Trump , the Republican candidate, alluded to the newspaper not having endorsed Harris, Mariel Garza, the editor of the opinion section, resigned in protest, as did two other members of the editorial board, Robert Greene and Karin Klein. Two hundred Times staff signed a letter condemning the way in which

7450-660: The Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios . The site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims. In 1935, the newspaper moved to a new, landmark Art Deco building, the Los Angeles Times Building , to which the newspaper would add other facilities until taking up the entire city block between Spring, Broadway, First and Second streets, which came to be known as Times Mirror Square and would house

7599-836: The Holocaust in a context suggesting he considers Nazism and the Holocaust as the nadir of human history. Godard's views become more complex regarding the State of Israel . In 1970, Godard travelled to the Middle East to make a pro-Palestinian film he did not complete and whose footage eventually became part of the 1976 film Ici et ailleurs . In this film, Godard seems to view the Palestinians ' cause as one of many worldwide Leftist revolutionary movements. Elsewhere, Godard explicitly identified himself as an anti-Zionist but denied

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7748-638: The Los Angeles Daily Times , under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and Thomas Gardiner . It was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T. J. Caystile . Unable to pay the printing bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. In the meantime, S. J. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication. In July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara, California to become

7897-593: The Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family. The paper's early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history, Thinking Big (1977, ISBN   0-399-11766-0 ), and was one of four organizations profiled by David Halberstam in The Powers That Be (1979, ISBN   0-394-50381-3 ; 2000 reprint ISBN   0-252-06941-2 ). Between the 1960s and

8046-576: The May 68 upheaval, Godard, alongside François Truffaut , led protests that shut down the 1968 Cannes Film Festival in solidarity with the students and workers. Godard stated there was not a single film showing at the festival that represented their causes. "Not one, whether by Milos , myself, Roman or François. There are none. We're behind the times." Amid the upheavals of the late 1960s, Godard became passionate about "making political films politically." Though many of his films from 1968 to 1972 are feature-length films, they are low-budget and challenge

8195-594: The Poynter Institute reported that " ' At least 50' editorial positions will be culled from the Los Angeles Times " through a buyout. Nancy Cleeland, who took O'Shea's buyout offer, did so because of "frustration with the paper's coverage of working people and organized labor" (the beat that earned her Pulitzer). She speculated that the paper's revenue shortfall could be reversed by expanding coverage of economic justice topics, which she believed were increasingly relevant to Southern California; she cited

8344-538: The Times drew fire for a last-minute story before the California recall election alleging that gubernatorial candidate Arnold Schwarzenegger groped scores of women during his movie career. Columnist Jill Stewart wrote on the American Reporter website that the Times did not do a story on allegations that former Governor Gray Davis had verbally and physically abused women in his office, and that

8493-624: The Times . Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler , who ran the paper during the rapid growth in Los Angeles following the end of World War II . Norman's wife, Dorothy Buffum Chandler , became active in civic affairs and led the effort to build the Los Angeles Music Center , whose main concert hall was named the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in her honor. Family members are buried at

8642-809: The soundtrack , as he did for all of Hitchcock's films from The Trouble with Harry (1955) to Marnie (1964). It is one of the most subdued scores Herrmann ever wrote, and one of the few that he composed with some jazz elements, primarily to represent Fonda's appearance as a musician in the nightclub scenes. This was Hitchcock's final film for Warner Bros. It completed a contractual commitment that had begun with two films that were produced for Transatlantic Pictures and released by Warner Bros.: Rope (1948) and Under Capricorn (1949), his first two films in Technicolor . After The Wrong Man , Hitchcock returned to Paramount Pictures . A. H. Weiler of The New York Times wrote that Hitchcock "has fashioned

8791-662: The 1965 Watts Riots and the 1992 Los Angeles riots . In the 19th century, the chief competition to the Times was the Los Angeles Examiner followed by the smaller Los Angeles Tribune . In December 1903, newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst began publishing the Los Angeles Examiner as a direct morning competitor to the Times. In the 20th century, the Los Angeles Express , Manchester Boddy 's Los Angeles Daily News ,

8940-559: The French side of Lake Geneva . Godard attended school in Nyon , Switzerland. Not a frequent cinema-goer, he attributed his introduction to cinema to a reading of André Malraux 's essay Outline of a Psychology of Cinema , and his reading of La Revue du cinéma , which was relaunched in 1946. In 1946, he went to study at the Lycée Buffon in Paris and, through family connections, mixed with members of its cultural elite. He lodged with

9089-675: The Hearst afternoon Herald-Express and the morning Los Angeles Examiner merged to become the Herald-Examiner . The Herald-Examiner published its last number in 1989. In 2014, the Los Angeles Register , published by Freedom Communications, then-parent company of the Orange County Register , was launched as a daily newspaper to compete with the Times . By late September of that year, however,

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9238-573: The New Wave movement. His work makes use of frequent homages and references to film history , and often expressed his political views; he was an avid reader of existentialism and Marxist philosophy , and in 1969 formed the Dziga Vertov Group with other radical filmmakers to promote political works. After the New Wave, his politics were less radical, and his later films came to be about human conflict and artistic representation "from

9387-517: The Schwarzenegger story relied on a number of anonymous sources. Further, she said, four of the six alleged victims were not named. She also said that in the case of the Davis allegations, the Times decided against printing the Davis story because of its reliance on anonymous sources. The American Society of Newspaper Editors said that the Times lost more than 10,000 subscribers because of

9536-452: The Sunday edition. Garfield was dropped altogether shortly thereafter. Following the Republican Party 's defeat in the 2006 mid-term elections , an Opinion piece by Joshua Muravchik , a leading neoconservative and a resident scholar at the conservative American Enterprise Institute , published on November 19, 2006, was titled 'Bomb Iran'. The article shocked some readers, with its hawkish comments in support of more unilateral action by

9685-414: The U.S., as well as France. He and Gorin toured with their work, attempting to create discussion, mainly on college campuses. This period came to a climax with the big-budget production Tout Va Bien , which starred Yves Montand and Jane Fonda . Owing to a motorcycle accident that severely incapacitated Godard, Gorin ended up directing this most celebrated of their work together almost single-handedly. As

9834-410: The United States, this time against Iran. On March 22, 2007, editorial page editor Andrés Martinez resigned following an alleged scandal centering on his girlfriend's professional relationship with a Hollywood producer who had been asked to guest-edit a section in the newspaper. In an open letter written upon leaving the paper, Martinez criticized the publication for allowing the Chinese wall between

9983-422: The accolade. Cieply makes reference to Richard Brody 's book Everything is Cinema: The Working Life of Jean-Luc Godard , and alluded to a previous, longer article published by the Jewish Journal as lying near the origin of the debate. The article also draws upon Brody's book, for example in the following quotation, which Godard made on television in 1981: " Moses is my principal enemy...Moses, when he received

10132-449: The accusations of anti-Semitism. Godard produced several pieces that directly address the Vietnam War . Furthermore, there are two scenes in Pierrot le fou that tackle the issue. The first is a scene that takes place in the initial car ride between Ferdinand (Belmondo) and Marianne (Karina). Over the car radio, the two hear the message "garrison massacred by the Viet Cong who lost 115 men". Marianne responds with an extended musing on

10281-428: The anti-hero searching for her murdered lover and the film includes a cameo by Marianne Faithfull . A year later came Two or Three Things I Know About Her (1967), in which Marina Vlady portrays a woman leading a double life as housewife and prostitute, considered to be "among the greatest achievements in filmmaking." La Chinoise (1967) saw Godard at his most politically forthright so far. The film focused on

10430-413: The assumption of $ 90 million in pension liabilities, closed on June 16, 2018. In 2000, John Carroll , former editor of the Baltimore Sun , was brought in to restore the luster of the newspaper. During his reign at the Times , he eliminated more than 200 jobs, but despite an operating profit margin of 20 percent, the Tribune executives were unsatisfied with returns, and by 2005 Carroll had left

10579-476: The audience that the film's "every word is true". Christopher Emmanuel "Manny" Balestrero, a down-on-his-luck musician at New York City 's Stork Club , needs $ 300 for dental work for his wife Rose. When he visits the office of a life insurance company to borrow money against Rose's policy, he is mistaken by the staff for a man who had held them up twice. He is questioned by the police, who call him "Chris" rather than Manny, and tell him that they are looking for

10728-507: The autumn of 1957, Pierre Braunberger produced the first film in the series, All the Boys Are Called Patrick , directed by Godard from Rohmer's script. A Story of Water (1958) was created largely out of unused footage shot by Truffaut. In 1958, Godard, with a cast that included Jean-Paul Belmondo and Anne Colette, made his last short before gaining international prominence as a filmmaker, Charlotte et son Jules ,

10877-405: The brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty. Otis fastened a bronze eagle on top of a high frieze of the new Times headquarters building designed by Gordon Kaufmann , proclaiming anew the credo written by his wife, Eliza: "Stand Fast, Stand Firm, Stand Sure, Stand True". After Otis' death in 1917, his son-in-law and the paper's business manager, Harry Chandler , took control as publisher of

11026-509: The commandments, he saw images and translated them. Then he brought the texts, he didn't show what he had seen. That's why the Jewish people are accursed." Immediately after Cieply's article was published, Brody made a clear point of criticising the "extremely selective and narrow use" of passages in his book, and noted that Godard's work approached the Holocaust with "the greatest moral seriousness". Indeed, his documentaries feature images from

11175-406: The couple played cards at the vacation hotel, two have died and the third cannot be found. This devastates Rose, whose resulting depression forces her to be hospitalized. During Manny's trial, he prays with the rosary after his mother urges him to pray for strength. A juror's remark forces a mistrial . While awaiting a second trial, Manny is exonerated when the true robber is arrested holding up

11324-522: The dam bought the film and used it for publicity purposes. As he continued to work for Cahiers , he made Une femme coquette (1955), a 10-minute short, in Geneva ; and in January 1956 he returned to Paris. A plan for a feature film of Goethe's Elective Affinities proved too ambitious and came to nothing. Truffaut enlisted his help to work on an idea he had for a film based on the true-crime story of

11473-529: The dam, he moved to the post of telephone switchboard operator. While on duty, in April 1954, he put through a call to Laubscher which relayed the fact that Odile Monod, Godard's mother, had died in a scooter accident. Thanks to Swiss friends who lent him a 35 mm movie camera, he was able to shoot on 35mm film. He rewrote the commentary that Laubscher had written, and gave his film a rhyming title Opération béton ( Operation Concrete ). The company that administered

11622-443: The decision was reversed, condemning the decision as being "antithetical to the principles of a free press and [setting] a dangerous precedent in a time of already heightened hostility towards journalists". On November 7, 2017, Disney reversed its decision, stating that the company "had productive discussions with the newly installed leadership at the Los Angeles Times regarding our specific concerns". In October 2024, Soon-Shiong,

11771-543: The demands of the Tribune Group—as was publisher Jeffrey Johnson—and was replaced by James O'Shea of the Chicago Tribune . O'Shea himself left in January 2008 after a budget dispute with publisher David Hiller . The paper reported on July 3, 2008, that it planned to cut 250 jobs by Labor Day and reduce the number of published pages by 15 percent. That included about 17 percent of the news staff, as part of

11920-409: The effectiveness of the film's first part", but that Rose's hospitalization felt like a "dramatically gratuitous development, particularly as its demands are ill met by the actress concerned", and that the final act of the film suffered a "slow decline into a flatly factual ending". Variety called the film "a gripping piece of realism" that builds to a "powerful climax, the events providing director

12069-434: The end of the take (while the actors are coming out of character). Week End 's enigmatic and audacious end title sequence, which reads "End of Cinema", appropriately marked an end to the narrative and cinematic period in Godard's filmmaking career. Godard was known for his "highly political voice", and regularly featured political content in his films. One of his earliest features, Le petit soldat , which dealt with

12218-415: The era of talkies. We dreamed about film. We were like Christians in the catacombs ." His foray into films began in the field of criticism . Along with Maurice Schérer (writing under the to-be-famous pseudonym Éric Rohmer ) and Jacques Rivette, he founded the short-lived film journal La Gazette du cinéma  [ fr ] , which saw the publication of five issues in 1950. When Bazin co-founded

12367-624: The fall of 1952, Godard returned to Switzerland and went to live with his mother in Lausanne. He became friendly with his mother's lover, Jean-Pierre Laubscher, who was a labourer on the Grande Dixence Dam . Through Laubscher he secured work himself as a construction worker at the Plaz Fleuri work site at the dam. He saw the possibility of making a documentary film about the dam; when his initial contract ended, to prolong his time at

12516-405: The families grew larger, the later generations found that only one or two branches got the power, and everyone else got a share of the money. Eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, or disappeared. That's the pattern followed over more than a century by

12665-439: The film during the planning phase for Pierrot le Fou (1965). In 1965, Godard directed Alphaville , a futuristic blend of science fiction, film noir , and satire. Eddie Constantine starred as Lemmy Caution , a detective who is sent into a city controlled by a giant computer named Alpha 60. His mission is to make contact with Professor von Braun ( Howard Vernon ), a famous scientist who has fallen mysteriously silent, and

12814-412: The film may be the "least fun" of Hitchcock's Hollywood period, but that it "is as fluently styled a movie as Hitchcock ever made". Richard Brody of The New Yorker wrote that "few films play so tightly on the contrast between unimpeachably concrete details and the vertiginous pretenses of reality. Hitchcock’s ultimate point evokes cosmic terror: innocence is merely a trick of paperwork, whereas guilt

12963-655: The film stock as "inherently racist" since it did not reflect the variety, nuance or complexity in dark brown or dark skin . This was because Kodak Shirley cards were only made for Caucasian subjects, a problem that was not rectified until 1995. In 1972, Godard and his life partner, Swiss filmmaker, Anne-Marie Miéville started the alternative video production and distribution company Sonimage, based in Grenoble . Under Sonimage, Godard produced Comment ca va , Numéro Deux (1975) and Sauve qui peut (la vie) (1980). In 1976, Godard and Miéville, his future wife, collaborated on

13112-432: The film, describes it as a "sociological study of the alienation of the modern woman". The period which spans from May 1968 into the 1970s has been given various labels—from his "militant" period, to his "radical" period, along with terms as specific as " Maoist " and as vague as "political". In any case, the period saw Godard employ consistent revolutionary rhetoric in his films and in his public statements. Inspired by

13261-515: The first of a series of more mainstream films marked by autobiographical currents: it was followed by Passion , Lettre à Freddy Buache (both 1982), Prénom Carmen (1983), and Grandeur et décadence d'un petit commerce de cinéma (1986). There was, though, another flurry of controversy with Je vous salue, Marie (1985), which was condemned by the Roman Catholic Church for alleged heresy , and also with King Lear (1987),

13410-539: The former president of General Mills , was criticized for his lack of understanding of the newspaper business, and was derisively referred to by reporters and editors as The Cereal Killer . Subsequently, the Orange County plant closed in 2010. The Times ' s reported daily circulation in October 2010 was 600,449, down from a peak of 1,225,189 daily and 1,514,096 Sunday in April 1990. In December 2006,

13559-399: The history of film itself. In 2001, Éloge de l'amour ( In Praise of Love ) was released. The film is notable for its use of both film and video—the first half captured in 35 mm black and white, the latter half shot in color on DV —and subsequently transferred to film for editing. The film is also noted for containing themes of ageing, love, separation, and rediscovery as it follows

13708-623: The influential critical magazine Cahiers du Cinéma in 1951 (a seminal publication on cinema and its main observers and participants), Godard was the first of the younger critics from the CCQL/Cinémathèque group to be published. The January 1952 issue featured his review of an American melodrama directed by Rudolph Maté , No Sad Songs for Me . His "Defence and Illustration of Classical Découpage" published in September 1952, in which he attacks an earlier article by Bazin and defends

13857-551: The innovative use of jump cuts (which were traditionally considered amateurish), character asides , and breaking the eyeline match in continuity editing . Another unique aspect of Breathless was the spontaneous writing of the script on the day of shooting—a technique that the actors found unsettling—which contribute to the spontaneous, documentary-like ambiance of the film. From the beginning of his career, Godard included more film references in his movies than any of his New Wave colleagues. In Breathless , his citations include

14006-550: The latter of which led to the bombing of its headquarters in 1910. The paper's profile grew substantially in the 1960s under publisher Otis Chandler , who adopted a more national focus. As with other regional newspapers in California and the United States, the paper's readership has declined since 2010. It has also been beset by a series of ownership changes, staff reductions, and other controversies. In January 2018,

14155-402: The mid-2000s it was also the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications and social science. The Los Angeles Times has occupied five physical sites beginning in 1881. The Los Angeles Times was beset in the first decade of the 21st century by changes in ownership, a bankruptcy , a rapid succession of editors, reductions in staff, decreases in paid circulation,

14304-480: The most influential body of work in the history of cinema" by Filmmaker magazine. In a 2002 Sight & Sound poll, Godard ranked third in the critics' top ten directors of all time. He is said to have "generated one of the largest bodies of critical analysis of any filmmaker since the mid-twentieth century." His work has been central to narrative theory and has "challenged both commercial narrative cinema norms and film criticism's vocabulary." In 2010, Godard

14453-484: The name Karl Marx is cited in conjunction with figures such as Jesus Christ . A constant refrain throughout Godard's cinematic period is that of the bourgeoisie's consumerism , the commodification of daily life and activity, and man's alienation —all central features of Marx's critique of capitalism . In an essay on Godard, philosopher and aesthetics scholar Jacques Rancière states, "When in Pierrot le fou , 1965,

14602-527: The need to increase its Web presence, and a series of controversies. In January 2024, the newsroom announced a roughly 20 percent reduction in staff, due to anemic subscription growth and other financial struggles. The newspaper moved to a new headquarters building in El Segundo , near Los Angeles International Airport , in July 2018. In 2000, Times Mirror Company , publisher of the Los Angeles Times ,

14751-497: The negative publicity surrounding the Schwarzenegger article. On November 12, 2005, new op-ed editor Andrés Martinez announced the dismissal of liberal op-ed columnist Robert Scheer and conservative editorial cartoonist Michael Ramirez . The Times also came under controversy for its decision to drop the weekday edition of the Garfield comic strip in 2005, in favor of a hipper comic strip Brevity , while retaining it in

14900-423: The new executive editor. Merida was then a senior vice president at ESPN and headed The Undefeated , a site focused on sports, race, and culture; he had previously been the first Black managing editor at The Washington Post . The Los Angeles Times Olympic Boulevard printing press was not purchased by Soon-Shiong and was kept by Tribune; in 2016 it was sold to developers who planned to build sound stages on

15049-503: The newly private media company's mandate to reduce costs. Hiller himself resigned on July 14. In January 2009, the Times eliminated the separate California/Metro section, folding it into the front section of the newspaper, and also announced seventy job cuts in news and editorial or a 10 percent cut in payroll. In September 2015, Austin Beutner , the publisher and chief executive, was replaced by Timothy E. Ryan . On October 5, 2015,

15198-492: The news and editorial departments to be weakened, accusing news staffers of lobbying the opinion desk. In November 2017, Walt Disney Studios blacklisted the Times from attending press screenings of its films, in retaliation for September 2017 reportage by the paper on Disney 's political influence in the Anaheim area. The company considered the coverage to be "biased and inaccurate". As a sign of condemnation and solidarity,

15347-429: The newspaper announced a layoff that would affect at least 115 employees. It named Terry Tang its next executive editor on April 8, 2024. The Times has suffered continued decline in distribution. Reasons offered for the circulation drop included a price increase and a rise in the proportion of readers preferring to read the online version instead of the print version. Editor Jim O'Shea, in an internal memo announcing

15496-416: The newspaper. His successor, Dean Baquet , refused to impose the additional cutbacks mandated by the Tribune Company. Baquet was the first African-American to hold this type of editorial position at a top-tier daily. During Baquet and Carroll's time at the paper, it won 13 Pulitzer Prizes , more than any other paper except The New York Times . However, Baquet was removed from the editorship for not meeting

15645-470: The next two years due to its political nature. The 'little soldier' Bruno Forestier was played by Michel Subor . Forestier was a character close to Godard himself, an image-maker and intellectual, 'more or less my spokesman, but not totally' Godard told an interviewer. The film begins on 13 May 1958, the date of the attempted putsch in Algeria , and ends later the same month. In the film, Bruno Forestier,

15794-430: The non-endorsement was handled, and thousands of subscribers cancelled their subscriptions. Soon-Shiong had previously blocked an endorsement by the editorial board in 2020, when he overruled their decision to endorse Elizabeth Warren in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries . As of 2014, the Times has won 41 Pulitzer Prizes , including four in editorial cartooning, and one each in spot news reporting for

15943-520: The notion of what a film can be. In addition to abandoning mainstream filmmaking, Godard also tried to escape the cult of personality that had formed around him. He worked anonymously in collaboration with other filmmakers, most notably Jean-Pierre Gorin , with whom he formed the Dziga-Vertov cinema collective. During this period Godard made films in England, Italy, Czechoslovakia, Palestine, and

16092-474: The only thing possible for the rather paradoxical but compelling reason that he could do anything he liked." The film ranked fourth on Cahiers du Cinéma ' s Top 10 Films of the Year List in 1956. The film holds an approval rating of 93% on Rotten Tomatoes , based on reviews from 27 surveyed critics, with an average rating of 8.1/10. Glenn Kenny , writing for RogerEbert.com in 2016, stated that

16241-563: The owner of the Times , told executive editor Terry Tang that the newspaper must not endorse a candidate in the 2024 United States presidential election , but should instead print "a factual analysis of all the POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE policies by EACH candidate during their tenures at the White House, and how these policies affected the nation". The Times editorial board, which had been preparing to endorse Kamala Harris ,

16390-493: The paper announced its circulation had fallen to 851,532, down 5.4 percent from 2005. The Times ' s loss of circulation was the largest of the top ten newspapers in the U.S. Some observers believed that the drop was due to the retirement of circulation director Bert Tiffany. Others thought the decline was a side effect of a succession of short-lived editors who were appointed by publisher Mark Willes after publisher Otis Chandler relinquished day-to-day control in 1995. Willes,

16539-773: The paper joined with The Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times–Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for other news organizations. He also toned down the unyielding conservatism that had characterized the paper over the years, adopting a much more centrist editorial stance. During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes , more than its previous nine decades combined. In 2013, Times reporter Michael Hiltzik wrote that: The first generations bought or founded their local paper for profits and also social and political influence (which often brought more profits). Their children enjoyed both profits and influence, but as

16688-434: The paper supported efforts to expand the city's water supply by acquiring the rights to the water supply of the distant Owens Valley . The efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the bombing of its headquarters on October 1, 1910, killing 21 people. Two of the union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara , were charged. The American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent

16837-419: The paper underwent its largest percentage reduction in headcount—amounting to a layoff of over 20%, including senior staff editorial positions—in an effort to stem the tide of financial losses and maintain enough cash to be viably operational through the end of the year in a struggle for survival and relevance as a regional newspaper of diminished status. The Times was first published on December 4, 1881, as

16986-482: The paper until 2018. Harry Chandler , then the president and general manager of Times-Mirror Co. , declared the Los Angeles Times Building a "monument to the progress of our city and Southern California". The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler , held that position from 1960 till 1980. Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his family's paper, often forgotten in

17135-508: The paper's attempted hiring of a "celebrity justice reporter" as an example of the wrong approach. On August 21, 2017, Ross Levinsohn , then aged 54, was named publisher and CEO, replacing Davan Maharaj , who had been both publisher and editor. On June 16, 2018, the same day the sale to Patrick Soon-Shiong closed, Norman Pearlstine was named executive editor. On May 3, 2021, the newspaper announced that it had selected Kevin Merida to be

17284-481: The paper's editor. At the same time he also purchased a 1/4 stake in the paper for $ 6,000 mostly secured on a bank loan. Historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman "capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment". Otis's editorial policy was based on civic boosterism , extolling the virtues of Los Angeles and promoting its growth. Toward those ends,

17433-600: The paper's staff voted to unionize and finalized their first union contract on October 16, 2019. The paper moved out of its historic headquarters in downtown Los Angeles to a facility in El Segundo, near the Los Angeles International Airport , in July 2018. Since 2020, the newspaper's coverage has evolved away from national and international news and toward coverage of California and especially Southern California news. In January 2024,

17582-517: The power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nation's most respected newspapers, such as The New York Times and The Washington Post . Believing that the newsroom was "the heartbeat of the business", Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962,

17731-490: The printing plant closure and with a refocusing of sports coverage for editorial reasons, daily game coverage and box scores were eliminated on July 9, 2023. The sports section now features less time-sensitive articles, billed as similar to a magazine. The change caused some consternation in the Los Angeles Jewish community , for many of whom reading box scores was a morning Shabbat ritual. On January 23, 2024,

17880-485: The production went ahead. The film's importance was recognised immediately, and in January 1960 Godard won the Jean Vigo Prize , awarded "to encourage an auteur of the future". One reviewer mentioned Alexandre Astruc 's prophecy of the age of the caméra-stylo , the camera that a new generation would use with the efficacy with which a writer uses his pen—"here is in fact the first work authentically written with

18029-481: The script for an adaptation of Homer 's Odyssey , which the Austrian director Fritz Lang has been filming. Lang's ' high culture ' interpretation of the story is lost on Prokosch, whose character is a firm indictment of the commercial motion picture hierarchy. In 1964, Godard and Karina formed a production company, Anouchka Films. He directed Bande à part ( Band of Outsiders ), another collaboration between

18178-549: The site. It had opened in 1990 and could print 70,000 96-page newspapers an hour. The last issue of the Times printed at Olympic Boulevard was the March 11, 2024, edition. Printing moved to Riverside , at the Southern California News Group 's Press-Enterprise printer, which also prints Southern California editions of the New York Times and Wall Street Journal . In preparation for

18327-628: The soundtrack— Mozart , Picasso , J. S. Bach , Paul Klee , and Auguste Renoir . "This first-person cinema invoked not the director's experience but his presence". Godard wanted to hire the American actress Jean Seberg, who was living in Paris with her husband François Moreuil, a lawyer, to play the American woman. Seberg had become famous in 1956 when Otto Preminger had chosen her to play Joan of Arc in his Saint Joan , and had then cast her in his 1958 adaptation of Bonjour Tristesse . Her performance in this film had not been generally regarded as

18476-422: The spectacle of life is intermingled with its analysis". He was very conscious of the way he wished to portray the human being. His efforts are overtly characteristic of Marx, who in his Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 gives one of his most nuanced elaborations, analysing how the worker is alienated from his product, the object of his productive activity. Georges Sadoul , in his short rumination on

18625-493: The two and described by him as " Alice in Wonderland meets Franz Kafka ." It follows two young men, looking to score on a heist, who both fall in love with Karina, and quotes from several gangster film conventions. While promoting the film, Godard wrote that according to D. W. Griffith , all one needs to make a film is "a girl and a gun." Une femme mariée ( A Married Woman , 1964) followed Band of Outsiders . It

18774-401: The unusual step of writing dialogue every day and calling the lines to the actors during filming – a technique made possible by filming without direct sound and dubbing dialogue in post-production. His following film was Les Carabiniers , based on a story by Roberto Rossellini , one of Godard's influences. The film follows two peasants who join the army of a king, only to find futility in

18923-590: The use of the shot–reverse shot technique, is one of his earliest important contributions to cinema criticism. Praising Otto Preminger and "the greatest American artist— Howard Hawks ", Godard raises their harsh melodramas above the more "formalistic and overtly artful films of Welles , De Sica , and Wyler which Bazin endorsed". At this point Godard's activities did not include making films. Rather, he watched films, and wrote about them, and helped others make films, notably Rohmer, with whom he worked on Présentation ou Charlotte et son steak . Having left Paris in

19072-495: The viewer ( Verfremdungseffekt ) through a radical separation of the elements of the medium (theatre in Brecht's case, but in Godard's, film). Brecht's influence is keenly felt through much of Godard's work, particularly before 1980, when Godard used cinematic expression for specific political ends. For example, Breathless 's elliptical editing, which denies the viewer a fluid narrative typical of mainstream cinema, forces

19221-509: The viewers to take on more critical roles, connecting the pieces themselves and coming away with more investment in the work's content. In many of his most political pieces, specifically Week-end , Pierrot le Fou , and La Chinoise , characters address the audience with thoughts, feelings, and instructions. A Marxist reading is possible with most if not all of Godard's early work. Godard's direct interaction with Marxism does not become explicitly apparent, however, until Week End , where

19370-462: The violence and loneliness that lie so close to happiness today. It's very much a film about France." Masculin Féminin (1966), based on two Guy de Maupassant stories, La Femme de Paul and Le Signe , was a study of contemporary French youth and their involvement with cultural politics. An intertitle refers to the characters as "The children of Marx and Coca-Cola ." Although Godard's cinema

19519-889: The way the radio dehumanises the Northern Vietnamese combatants. The war is present throughout the film in mentions, allusions, and depictions in newsreel footage, and the film's style was affected by Godard's political anger at the war, upsetting his ability to draw from earlier cinematic styles. Notably, he also participated in Loin du Vietnam (1967). An anti-war project, it consists of seven sketches directed by Godard (who used stock footage from La Chinoise ), Claude Lelouch , Joris Ivens , William Klein , Chris Marker , Alain Resnais , and Agnès Varda . Godard's engagement with German poet and playwright Bertolt Brecht stems primarily from his attempt to transpose Brecht's theory of epic theatre and its prospect of alienating

19668-428: The whole thing as the king reveals the deception of war-administrating leaders. His final film of 1963 and the most commercially successful film of his career was Le Mépris ( Contempt ), starring Michel Piccoli and one of France's biggest female stars, Brigitte Bardot . The film follows Paul (Piccoli), a screenwriter who is commissioned by Prokosch ( Jack Palance ), an arrogant American movie producer, to rewrite

19817-556: The writer Jean Schlumberger . Having failed his baccalauréat exam in 1948, he returned to Switzerland. He studied in Lausanne and lived with his parents, whose marriage was breaking up. He spent time in Geneva also with a group that included another film fanatic, Roland Tolmatchoff, and the extreme rightist philosopher Jean Parvulesco. His elder sister Rachel encouraged him to paint, which he did, in an abstract style. After time spent at

19966-649: The young artist Edgar in his contemplation of a new work on the four stages of love. In Notre musique (2004), Godard turned his focus to war, specifically, the war in Sarajevo , but with attention to all war, including the American Civil War , the war between the U.S. and Native Americans , and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict . The film is structured into three Dantean kingdoms: Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise . Godard's fascination with paradox

20115-792: Was a French and Swiss film director, screenwriter, and film critic. He rose to prominence as a pioneer of the French New Wave film movement of the 1960s, alongside such filmmakers as François Truffaut , Agnès Varda , Éric Rohmer and Jacques Demy . He was arguably the most influential French filmmaker of the post-war era . According to AllMovie , his work "revolutionized the motion picture form" through its experimentation with narrative, continuity , sound , and camerawork . His most acclaimed films include Breathless (1960), Vivre sa vie (1962), Contempt (1963), Band of Outsiders (1964), Alphaville (1965), Pierrot le Fou (1965), Masculin Féminin (1966), Weekend (1967) and Goodbye to Language (2014). During his early career as

20264-501: Was a result of declining advertising revenue and a debt load of $ 12.9 billion, much of it incurred when the paper was taken private by Zell. On February 7, 2018, Tribune Publishing , formerly Tronc Inc., agreed to sell the Los Angeles Times and its two other Southern California newspapers, The San Diego Union-Tribune and Hoy , to billionaire biotech investor Patrick Soon-Shiong . The sale to Soon-Shiong through his Nant Capital investment fund, for $ 500 million plus

20413-438: Was a slow, deliberate, toned-down black-and-white picture without a real story. The film was shot in four weeks and was "an explicitly and stringently modernist film". It showed Godard's "engagement with the most advanced thinking of the day, as expressed in the work of Claude Lévi-Strauss and Roland Barthes " and its fragmentation and abstraction reflected also "his loss of faith in the familiar Hollywood styles." Godard made

20562-644: Was awarded an Academy Honorary Award . Jean-Luc Godard was born on 3 December 1930 in the 7th arrondissement of Paris , the son of Odile ( née Monod) and Paul Godard, a Swiss physician. His wealthy parents came from Protestant families of Franco–Swiss descent, and his mother was the daughter of Julien Monod, a founder of the Banque Paribas . She was the great-granddaughter of theologian Adolphe Monod . Other relatives on his mother's side include composer Jacques-Louis Monod , naturalist Théodore Monod , and pastor Frédéric Monod . On his father's side, he

20711-571: Was founded by Henri Langlois and Georges Franju in 1936; Work and Culture was a workers' education group for which André Bazin had organised wartime film screenings and discussions and which had become a model for the film clubs that had risen throughout France after the Liberation; CCQL, founded in about 1947 or 1948, was animated and intellectually led by Maurice Schérer . At these clubs he met fellow film enthusiasts including Jacques Rivette , Claude Chabrol , and François Truffaut . Godard

20860-546: Was hired as the Opinion and Editorial ( op-ed ) Editor in April 2004 to help improve the quality of the opinion pieces. His role was controversial, for he forced writers to take a more decisive stance on issues. In 2005, he created a Wikitorial , the first Wiki by a major news organization. Although it failed, readers could combine forces to produce their own editorial pieces. It was shut down after being besieged with inappropriate material. He resigned later that year. In 2003,

21009-441: Was in debt from two productions based on Pierre Loti stories; hence, financing came instead from a film distributor, René Pignières. Godard's most celebrated period as a director spans roughly from his first feature, Breathless (1960), through to Week End (1967). His work during this period focused on relatively conventional films that often refer to different aspects of film history. Although Godard's work during this time

21158-492: Was in the context of a joke, a piece of art, or a relationship, presented to be used as tools of reference, romanticising the Marxist rhetoric, rather than being solely tools of education. Une femme mariée is also structured around Marx's concept of commodity fetishism . Godard once said that it is "a film in which individuals are considered as things, in which chases in a taxi alternate with ethological interviews, in which

21307-423: Was known for a series of radical documentaries titled " Kino Pravda " (literally, "film truth") and the late silent-era feature film Man with a Movie Camera (1929). Vertov was also a contemporary of both Soviet montage theorists, notably Sergei Eisenstein , and Russian constructivist and avant-garde artists such as Alexander Rodchenko and Vladimir Tatlin . Part of Godard's political shift after May 1968

21456-399: Was one of his most popular among critics. Karina starred as Nana, an errant mother and aspiring actress whose financially strained circumstances lead her to the life of a streetwalker . It is an episodic account of her rationalisations to prove she is free, even though she is tethered at the end of her pimp 's short leash. In one scene, within a café, she spreads her arms out and announces she

21605-477: Was part of a generation for whom cinema took on a special importance. He said: "In the 1950s cinema was as important as bread—but it isn't the case anymore. We thought cinema would assert itself as an instrument of knowledge, a microscope... a telescope.... At the Cinémathèque I discovered a world which nobody had spoken to me about. They'd told us about Goethe , but not Dreyer . ... We watched silent films in

21754-548: Was purchased by the Tribune Company of Chicago , Illinois, placing the paper in co-ownership with the then WB-affiliated (now CW -affiliated) KTLA , which Tribune acquired in 1985. On April 2, 2007, the Tribune Company announced its acceptance of real estate entrepreneur Sam Zell 's offer to buy the Chicago Tribune , the Los Angeles Times , and all other company assets. Zell announced that he would sell

21903-447: Was reconsidered, he began to collaborate with like-minded individuals in the filmmaking arena. His most notable collaborator was Jean-Pierre Gorin , a Maoist student of Louis Althusser , Michel Foucault , and Jacques Lacan , who later became a professor of Film Studies at the University of California at San Diego , with a passion for cinema that attracted Godard's attention. Between 1968 and 1973, Godard and Gorin collaborated to make

22052-515: Was the legendary French singer and actor Yves Montand , who had appeared in prestigious films by Georges Clouzot , Alain Résnais, Sacha Guitry , Vincente Minelli , George Cukor , and Costa-Gavras . The small group of Maoists that Godard had brought together, which included Gorin, adopted the name Dziga Vertov Group. Godard had a specific interest in Dziga Vertov , a Soviet filmmaker—who

22201-574: Was toward a proactive participation in the class struggle and he drew inspiration from filmmakers associated with the Russian Revolution . Towards the end of this period of his life, Godard began to feel disappointed with his Maoist ideals and was abandoned by his wife at the time, Anne Wiazemsky. In this context, according to biographer Antoine de Baecque, Godard attempted suicide on two occasions. Godard returned to somewhat more traditional fiction with Sauve qui peut (la vie) (1980),

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