104-429: Ventura , officially named San Buenaventura (Spanish for " Saint Bonaventure "), is a city in and the county seat of Ventura County, California , United States. It is a coastal city located northwest of Los Angeles . The population was 110,763 at the 2020 census . Ventura is a popular tourist destination, owing to its historic landmarks, beaches, and resorts. Ventura has been inhabited by different peoples, including
208-586: A "half-mystic" and wrote that he showed "strong pandeistic inclinations". Emanationism, exemplarism, and consummation are explicitly listed by Bonaventure as the core principles of theology, all of which are heavily Platonic themes and carry equally Platonic subtopics and discussions but yet are all rooted in the second Person of the Trinity, the Son, incarnate as Jesus Christ, who is the 'principio' of divine exemplars, from which creation emanates and by which creation
312-400: A Trinitarian key. Bonaventure, however, is not only a meditative thinker, whose works may form good manuals of devotion; he is a dogmatic theologian of high rank, and on all the disputed questions of scholastic thought, such as universals , matter, seminal reasons, the principle of individuation, or the intellectus agens , he gives weighty and well-reasoned decisions. He agrees with Albert
416-471: A female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.12. In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 31.5% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
520-581: A lengthy application and ranking process. Three retail and one distribution business without a retail component were selected. Two more permits for the city's coastal zone, which includes downtown were considered and rejected after further information requested from the California Coastal Commission was reviewed. Once the appeals process is completed, applicants worked with the city on safety, security, odor control and other issues before being able to open for business. In late June 2023,
624-413: A male householder with no wife present. There were 2,621 (6.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 371 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 10,959 households (27.1%) were made up of individuals, and 4,271 (10.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57. There were 25,996 families (64.3% of all households); the average family size
728-422: A population of 106,433. The population density was 3,316.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,280.4/km). The racial makeup of Ventura was 76.6% White , 1.6% African American , 1.2% Native American , 3.4% Asian (0.9% Filipino, 0.6% Chinese, 0.4% Indian, 0.4% Korean, 0.4% Japanese, 0.3% Vietnamese, 0.5% Other), 0.2% Pacific Islander , 5.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 31.8% of
832-453: A rational justification of things by which He could know them. They also say that there are no truths concerning the future except that of necessary things. And from this it follows that all things come about either by chance or by necessity. And since it is impossible that things come about by chance, the Arabs conclude to absolute necessity, that is, that these substances that move the globe are
936-600: A short distance from Ventura. They captured 70 of Castañeda’s men along with "50 muskets and other arms." The soldiers were released, but Castañeda and his officers were arrested and taken to Santa Barbara. Castro's forces also captured several prominent Carrillo supporters who were found hiding in the Mission. These men, including Andrés Pico (who later negotiated the Treaty of Cahuenga ), Luis Arenas (mayor of Los Angeles from 1838 to 1839), and Ygnacio Palomares (owner of
1040-516: A surprise attack on Carrillo’s forces. Alvarado gathered soldiers from the north and placed them under the command of General José Castro , Castro and his soldiers marched south where they united with the forces already stationed at the Santa Barbara Presidio. Castro’s force, totaling approximately 100 men and equipped with three cannons, advanced south from Santa Barbara. To reach San Buenaventura, Castro had to advance through
1144-628: Is a distinguishing mark of the Scholastic period. Much of Bonaventure's philosophical thought shows a considerable influence by Augustine of Hippo , so much so that De Wulf considers him the best medieval representative of Augustinianism . Bonaventure adds Aristotelian principles to the Augustinian doctrine, especially in connection with the illumination of the intellect and the composition of human beings and other living creatures in terms of matter and form. Augustine, who had introduced into
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#17327732100331248-537: Is a threefold error: a concealment of exemplarity, of divine providence and of world government. Like all the great scholastic doctors, Bonaventure starts with the discussion of the relations between reason and faith. All the sciences are but the handmaids of theology; reason can discover some of the moral truths that form the groundwork of the Christian system, but other truths can only be received and apprehended through divine illumination. To obtain this illumination,
1352-679: Is made intelligible and which creation finds as its goal. Creation is two-fold, expressing the divine truth, the divine exemplar in the Word of God; it "speaks" of that which it is the likeness and subsists in itself and in the Son. Bonaventure's mature work, the Collationes in Hexaemeron , takes exemplarism, drawn out from his transformation of Platonic Realism, as the basis for vital points of Christian theological dogma: God's love of creation, God's foreknowledge, providence and divine governance,
1456-497: Is no record of any losses among Castañeda's men. Early in the battle, one of Castro’s men, Aquilino Ramirez, was killed by a shot from a rifleman stationed in the Mission's church tower. Ramirez was a father of seven from Santa Barbara, and his death led his comrades-in-arms to direct a furious cannonade at the church. Castro wrote to Alvarado following the battle, describing "two days of continuous firing". Historian Hubert Howe Bancroft , in his "History of California" questioned
1560-428: Is operated as a museum and performing arts venue. Living history reenactments, demonstrations of Rancho life and ghost stories are presented. A summer music series of performances held in the courtyard features an eclectic assortment of artists from blues to jazz to country . "Two Trees" is two lone trees on a hilltop, visible from much of Ventura. Access to the hill is private property. In early October 2017, one of
1664-466: Is possible to logically prove the existence of God and the immortality of the soul. In fact, unlike Aquinas, Bonaventure holds that reason can demonstrate the beginning of the world. He offers several arguments for the existence of God, including versions of Anselm of Canterbury 's ontological argument and Augustine's argument from eternal truths. His main argument for the immortality of the soul appeals to humans' natural desire for perfect happiness, and
1768-587: Is reflected in C. S. Lewis 's argument from desire . Contrary to Aquinas, Bonaventure did not believe that philosophy was an autonomous discipline that could be pursued successfully independently of theology. Any philosopher is bound to fall into serious error, he believed, who lacks the light of faith. A master of the memorable phrase, Bonaventure held that philosophy opens the mind to at least three different routes humans can take on their journey to God. Non-intellectual material creatures he conceived as shadows and vestiges (literally, footprints) of God, understood as
1872-549: Is the historic Ortega Adobe , once home to the Ortega family known for chili products. Downtown Ventura is home to Ventura's ornate city hall . Downtown includes restaurants, wine bars, breweries, and the Rubicon Theatre Company. In Plaza Park (Chestnut and Santa Clara streets, downtown) stands a large Moreton Bay fig tree . Across the street, the main post office has murals on interior walls commissioned by
1976-608: Is the home of the annual Ventura County Fair , and over the years has hosted such acts as Jimi Hendrix , The Grateful Dead , Phish , Smokey Robinson , All American Rejects , Smash Mouth , and Sugar Ray , as well as the Vans Warped Tour . The train station for Amtrak 's Pacific Surfliner route is adjacent to the fairgrounds. Downtown Ventura is home to the Mission San Buenaventura , museums, galleries, dining, and shopping. Located in downtown
2080-434: Is three". The reflection of the Trinity was there to be recognized in nature "when that book was open to man and our eyes had not yet become darkened". [Bonaventure] teaches us that each creature bears in itself a specifically Trinitarian structure, so real that it could be readily contemplated if only the human gaze were not so partial, dark and fragile. In this way, he points out to us the challenge of trying to read reality in
2184-579: Is water. Ventura has a Mediterranean climate , typical of most coastal California cities, with the sea breeze off the Pacific Ocean moderating temperatures. It is not uncommon for the city to be affected by Santa Ana winds off the Transverse Ranges on occasion, which increase temperatures dramatically. The community is registered in the census as San Buenaventura (Ventura) . The 2010 United States Census reported that Ventura had
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#17327732100332288-515: Is within a seismically active region like much of California and is crossed by several potentially active fault systems . The Ventura Fault is capable of an 8.0 earthquake and a local tsunami up to 23 feet in height. According to the United States Census Bureau , Ventura has a total area of 32.1 square miles (83 km), of which 21.7 square miles (56 km) is land and 10.4 square miles (27 km), comprising 32.53%,
2392-717: The Lectures on the Six Days of Creation , show substantial developments beyond the Sentences . Bonaventure wrote on almost every subject treated by the Scholastics (see Scholasticism ) and his writings are substantial. A great number of them deal with faith in Christ, God and theology. No work of Bonaventure's is exclusively philosophical, a striking illustration of the mutual interpenetration of philosophy and theology that
2496-482: The Chumash people have deep roots in central and southern coastal regions of California, and has revealed artifacts from their culture. Shisholop Village, designated Historic Point of Interest #18 by the city at the foot of nearby Figueroa Street, was the site of a Chumash village. They had keen oceanic navigational skills made use of the abundant local resources from sea and land. The Ventura Chumash were in contact with
2600-587: The Mission San Buenaventura in Ventura, California . The Alvarado forces won the battle, as the Carrillo forces fled from the Mission under cover of darkness following the first day of the battle. Most of the Carillo forces were captured the following day at Saticoy, California . One person was killed in the battle, an Alvarado loyalist who was shot by a rifleman stationed in the Mission's bell tower. The battle
2704-644: The Rincon Pass , a narrow route between the mountains and the sea that became unpassable at high tide. In his account of the battle, local historian Richard Senate wrote that the Californians of that era believed that "whoever held the Rincon Pass could hold it successfully against any enemy." To Castro's surprise, the Rincon was "unguarded, not even a sentinel being stationed there." Accordingly, Castro
2808-592: The Section of Painting and Sculpture of the U.S. Treasury Department as New Deal art . Ventura Harbor has fishing boats, seafood restaurants and a retail center, the Ventura Harbor Village. The Channel Islands National Park Headquarters is also located at the harbor, and boats to the Channel Islands depart daily. The Olivas Adobe , one of the early "California Rancho"-styled homes,
2912-522: The U.S. Congress . Ventura has four college campuses: Ventura College of Law , Southern California Institute of Law , Santa Barbara Business College and Ventura College . Ventura College of Law is a non-profit law school founded in 1969. Ventura College is a community college , part of the Ventura County Community College District. The Brooks Institute of Photography shut down in 2016 after many years in
3016-499: The custom house from Monterey to San Diego . The border line of the schism was between Santa Barbara and points north which aligned with Alvarado and Ventura and points south which aligned with Carrillo. In December 1837, a formal ceremony was held in Los Angeles inaugurating Carrillo as governor. On January 3, 1838, Carrillo issued a proclamation declaring the ports of Monterey and San Francisco closed until such time as
3120-585: The poverty line , including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 5.3% of those age 65 or over. Ventura is a popular tourist destination in Southern California, owing to its historic landmarks, beaches, and the local leisure economy. Businesses related to tourism and hospitality account for a significant portion of Ventura's economic activity. The outdoor clothing manufacturer Patagonia is based in Ventura. Diaper bag manufacturer Petunia Pickle Bottom
3224-621: The vita . He entered the Franciscan Order in 1243 and studied at the University of Paris , possibly under Alexander of Hales , and certainly under Alexander's successor, John of Rochelle . In 1253 he held the Franciscan chair at Paris. A dispute between seculars and mendicants delayed his reception as Master until 1257, where his degree was taken in company with Thomas Aquinas . Three years earlier his fame had earned him
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3328-459: The "constitutio gravis in contrarium" Bacon speaks of. The prohibition was rescinded in Roger's favor unexpectedly in 1266. Bonaventure was instrumental in procuring the election of Pope Gregory X , who rewarded him with the title of Cardinal Bishop of Albano , and insisted on his presence at the great Second Council of Lyon in 1274. There, after his significant contributions led to a union of
3432-493: The American Conquest of California , San Buenaventura was eventually incorporated as a city in 1866. The 1920s brought a major oil boom which significantly developed and expanded Ventura, a growth that continued with the post–World War II economic expansion . Archaeological discoveries in the area suggest that humans have populated the region for at least 10,000–12,000 years. Archaeological research demonstrates that
3536-773: The Aristotelian notion of the eternity of the world vigorously (though he disagreed with Aquinas about the abstract possibility of an eternal universe). Bonaventure accepts the general Christian Neoplatonic doctrine, found in Augustine and pseudo-Dionysius, that "forms" do not exist as subsistent entities, but as ideals, predefinitions, archetypes, or in Bonaventure's words: "exemplars", in the mind of God, according to which actual things were formed. This conception has no slight influence upon his philosophy. Physicist and philosopher Max Bernhard Weinstein described Bonaventure as
3640-532: The Arts to Theology ( De reductione artium ad theologiam ), and Soliloquy on the Four Spiritual Exercises ( Soliloquium de quatuor mentalibus exercitiis ), The Tree of Life ( Lignum vitae ), and The Triple Way ( De Triplici via ), the latter three written for the spiritual direction of his fellow Franciscans. The German philosopher Dieter Hattrup denies that Reduction of the Arts to Theology
3744-668: The California Voting Rights Act. Council members have four-year terms and their elections are staggered so three or four are up for re-election every two years. The council elects from among its own members a mayor and deputy mayor who serve two-year terms. Joe Schroeder was selected as Mayor of San Buenaventura in December 2022. Ventura is located within California's 26th congressional district , with Julia Brownley currently serving as its representative in
3848-633: The Channel Islands Chumash; both mainland and island Chumash utilized large plank-sewn seagoing canoes, called Tomol , with the island people bringing shell bead money, island chert, and sea otter pelts to trade for mainland products like acorns and deer meat. In 1769, the Spanish Portolà expedition , first recorded European visitors to inland areas of California, came down the Santa Clara River Valley from
3952-609: The Chumash Native Americans, for at least 10,000 years. With the arrival of Spanish missionaries in 1782, Mission San Buenaventura was established by Junípero Serra , giving the city its name. Following the Mexican secularization of the Californian missions , San Buenaventura was granted by Governor Pío Pico to Don José de Arnaz as Rancho Ex-Mission San Buenaventura and a small community arose. Following
4056-479: The Great in regarding theology as a practical science; its truths, according to his view, are peculiarly adapted to influence the affections. He discusses very carefully the nature and meaning of the divine attributes; considers universals to be the ideal forms pre-existing in the divine mind according to which things were shaped; holds matter to be pure potentiality that receives individual being and determinateness from
4160-741: The Greek and Latin churches, Bonaventure died suddenly and under suspicious circumstances. The 1913 edition of the Catholic Encyclopedia has citations that suggest he was poisoned, but no mention is made of this in the 2003 second edition of the New Catholic Encyclopedia . He steered the Franciscans on a moderate and intellectual course that made them the most prominent order in the Catholic Church until
4264-722: The Mission and, their horses having been seized by Castro's men, marched on foot toward Los Angeles. Castro sent two companies in pursuit – a company of mounted infantry commanded by Captain Villa and a cavalry company of lancers commanded by Captain Cota. Castro remained in San Buenaventura with the remaining forces, writing to Alvarado that he intended to safeguard their conquest of a place that would be "very advantageous for us." On March 28, Castro's troops, riding on horseback, quickly caught up with Castañeda’s men near Saticoy ,
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4368-567: The Order of Friars Minor , he also served for a time as Bishop of Albano . He was canonised on 14 April 1482 by Pope Sixtus IV and declared a Doctor of the Church in 1588 by Pope Sixtus V , becoming known as the "Seraphic Doctor" (Latin: Doctor Seraphicus ). His feast day is 15 July. Many writings from the Middle Ages once attributed to him have been subsequently re-classified under
4472-666: The Sentences , which is now conserved at Bagnoregio, in the parish church of St. Nicholas. Bonaventure was formally canonised in 1482 by the Franciscan Pope Sixtus IV , and ranked along with Thomas Aquinas as the greatest of the Doctors of the Church by another Franciscan, Pope Sixtus V , in 1587. Bonaventure was regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of the Middle Ages. His works, as arranged in
4576-489: The Ventura County Government Center, makes current legal resources available to judges, lawyers, government officials, and other users. Ventura is notable for the quality and frequency of the surfing conditions at spots such as Surfer's Point at Seaside Park . X Games California 2023 (Summer) event finals were scheduled for the adjacent Ventura County Fairgrounds . Ventura is the home to
4680-733: The Ventura Hotel (1926), and the Mission Theatre (1928). On March 12, 1928, the St. Francis Dam , 54 miles (87 km) inland, failed catastrophically , creating a flood that took more than 600 lives as it flowed down the Santa Clara River to the ocean. From the south, travel by auto was slow and hazardous, until the completion of a four-lane freeway ( US Highway 101 ) over the Conejo Grade in 1959. This route, which
4784-572: The absolutely perfect being whose essence entails its existence, an absolutely simple being that causes all other, composite beings to exist. Bonaventure's thoughts on our ability to see the Trinity in creation, lost or hampered in the Fall , are recorded and praised by Pope Francis in his encyclical letter , Laudato si' : Saint Bonaventure went so far as to say that human beings, before sin, were able to see how each creature "testifies that God
4888-437: The accuracy of Castro’s account, as Castañeda's forces had escaped during the night after the first day of the siege. Bancroft wrote: The "continuous firing of two days" was perhaps continuous only with considerable intervals between the volleys, and it could not have continued into the second day for a longer time than was necessary to make known the flight of the garrison during the night." Other historians have also questioned
4992-607: The area, buying land from the Mexicans, or simply as squatters . Vast holdings were later acquired by Easterners, including railroad magnate Thomas A. Scott . He sent Thomas R. Bard to handle Scott's property. Ventura had a flourishing Chinese settlement in the early 1880s. The largest concentration of activity, known as China Alley, was just across Main Street from the Mission San Buenaventura. Ventura Pier
5096-561: The back of the mission. According to a 1926 account written by historian Sol N. Sheridan , Castro's forces seized and held a "small fort at the site of the Hill schoolhouse." Castro also cut off the supply of water from the San Buenaventura Mission Aqueduct , leaving Castañeda's men to drink the mission's wine. During the siege, the Mission's thick stone and adobe walls protected Castañeda’s forces, and there
5200-598: The banks of the Santa Clara River was the most magnificent hacienda south of Monterey . Fernando Tico also received a Mexican land grant for Ojai and a parcel near the river in downtown Ventura. Following the American Conquest of California in the Mexican–American War , California became a U.S. territory in 1848 and a U.S. state in 1850. After the American Civil War , settlers came to
5304-400: The battle, damage caused by Castro's cannonade was still visible on the Mission's exterior walls. During repairs conducted in 1874, a cannonball was extracted from an exterior wall. In a 1975 archaeological dig at the Mission, six cannon balls were recovered. Their size, about two inches in diameter and weighing one pound, indicate that at least one of the cannons was a small ship gun. One of
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#17327732100335408-402: The city was 78.8% White , 1.4% African American , 1.2% Native American , 3.0% Asian , 0.2% Pacific Islander , 11.1% from other races , and 4.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 30.4% of the population. There were 38,524 households, out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.2% were married couples living together, 11.7% had
5512-479: The coming of the Jesuits. His theology was marked by an attempt completely to integrate faith and reason. He thought of Christ as the "one true master" who offers humans knowledge that begins in faith, is developed through rational understanding, and is perfected by mystical union with God. In the year 1434, 160 years after his death, his body was moved to a new church that was considered more fitting. Upon doing so,
5616-714: The command of Captain Juan Castañeda. Castañeda arrived in San Buenaventura on approximately March 12 and was then ordered to attack Santa Barbara before it could be reinforced from the north. Castañeda advanced with over 100 men to a location within sight of the Presidio of Santa Barbara . The commander of the Presidio refused to surrender, and Castañeda disobeyed the order to attack and instead retreated back to San Buenaventura. On learning that Carrillo had sent an armed force to San Buenaventura, Alvarado decided to launch
5720-509: The community. Saint Bonaventure Bonaventure OFM ( / ˈ b ɒ n ə v ɛ n tʃ ər , ˌ b ɒ n ə ˈ v ɛ n tʃ ər / BON -ə-ven-chər, - VEN - ; Italian : Bonaventura da Bagnoregio [ˌbɔnavenˈtuːra da (b)baɲɲoˈrɛːdʒo] ; Latin : Bonaventura de Balneoregio ; born Giovanni di Fidanza ; 1221 – 15 July 1274) was an Italian Catholic Franciscan bishop , cardinal , scholastic theologian and philosopher . The seventh Minister General of
5824-466: The defeat at San Buenaventura. Carrillo retreated from Los Angeles to San Diego. Castro’s forces continued southward to Los Angeles without opposition. Carrillo assembled a small force in San Diego, but Carrillo surrendered after what has been described as a "mock battle" at Las Flores, California . Alvarado continued as Governor until 1842, and Carrillo "was paroled" by Alvarado. For years after
5928-589: The downtown was closed to vehicle traffic in June 2020 in an effort to boost business and keep people safe during the COVID-19 pandemic . Ventura is located northwest of Los Angeles on the California coast . The western portion of the city stretches north along the Ventura River which is characterized by a narrow valley with steeply sloped areas along both sides. The steep slopes of the Ventura foothills abut
6032-402: The ferocity of the battle. Sol N. Sheridan, in his "History of Ventura County", wrote: "The whole affair resembled rather a sham battle, than the real thing." The Los Angeles Times in 1998 described it as a "quirky skirmish . . . that emptied the mission of wine, and left its adobe walls pockmarked by cannon fire." On the night of March 27, Castañeda's forces escaped under cover of night from
6136-417: The formative power of God, acting according to the ideas; and finally maintains that the agent intellect has no separate existence. On these and on many other points of scholastic philosophy the "Seraphic Doctor" exhibits a combination of subtlety and moderation, which makes his works particularly valuable. In form and intent the work of Bonaventure is always the work of a theologian; he writes as one for whom
6240-411: The head was found to be entirely incorrupt. "The hair, lips, teeth, and tongue were perfectly preserved and retained their natural colour. The people of Lyon were profoundly affected by this miracle, and they chose Bonaventure for the patron of their city. The movement, already afoot, to obtain his canonization received thereby a new and powerful impetus." However, a century later in 1562, the city of Lyon
6344-426: The honors of war." Castro declined to make the concession, and Castañeda refused to surrender. Castro sent a final note threatening to open fire at once, and Castañeda sent his response: "Do as you please." Upon receiving Castañeda's final note, Castro ordered his forces to fire their cannons at the Mission. Castro placed two cannons on the shore-side of the Mission, and a third cannon opened fire from an elevation to
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#17327732100336448-783: The incubator. The Trade Desk, an industry leader in advertising on streaming services , is the second biggest publicly-traded company in Ventura County by market capitalization . According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: Following the legalization of cannabis in California, local governments can prohibit companies from growing, testing, and selling cannabis within their jurisdiction by licensing none or only some of these activities but may not prohibit adults from growing, using or transporting marijuana for personal use. The state allows deliveries without local agency licensing at
6552-412: The independence struggle led by Alvarado, the Mexican government appointed Carlos Antonio Carrillo , another native Californian and owner of the 8,881-acre Rancho Sespe in Ventura County , as the provisional governor. A schism developed over which of the men was the legitimate governor. The schism widened when Carrillo announced that he was moving the territorial capital to Los Angeles and also moving
6656-399: The lands encompassing the modern cities of Pomona, San Dimas, Azusa, Covina, Glendora, and Claremont), were taken prisoner and sent north with Castañeda and his officers. Several of Castañeda's soldiers were not captured and continued toward Los Angeles, meeting up with Pio Pico who was leading a small contingent that had intended to reinforce Castañeda. Pico carried news to Los Angeles of
6760-428: The most recent Critical Edition by the Quaracchi Fathers ( Collegio S. Bonaventura ), consist of a Commentary on the Sentences of Lombard , in four volumes, and eight other volumes, including a Commentary on the Gospel of St Luke and a number of smaller works; the most famous of which are The Mind's Road to God ( Itinerarium mentis in Deum ), an outline of his theology or Brief Reading ( Breviloquium ), Reduction of
6864-474: The mystical and Platonizing mode of speculation that had already, to some extent, found expression in Hugo and Richard of St. Victor , Alexander of Hales , and in Bernard of Clairvaux . To him, the purely intellectual element, though never absent, is of inferior interest when compared with the living power of the affections or the heart. Like Thomas Aquinas, with whom he shared numerous profound agreements in matters theological and philosophical, he combated
6968-424: The name " Pseudo-Bonaventure ". He was born at Civita di Bagnoregio , not far from Viterbo , then part of the Papal States . Almost nothing is known of his childhood, other than the names of his parents, Giovanni di Fidanza and Maria di Ritella. Bonaventure reports that in his youth he was saved from an untimely death by the prayers of Francis of Assisi , which is the primary motivation for Bonaventure's writing
7072-401: The necessary causes of all things. From this it follows that truth is hidden, that is, the truth of government of worldly things in terms of pain and glory. If, indeed, these substances are inerrant movers, nothing is supposed concerning hell or the existence of the devil: neither did Aristotle ever suppose the existence of the devil, nor happiness after this life, as it appears. Here, then, there
7176-455: The north submitted to the new government in Los Angeles. Carrillo also sent his brother to Mexico seeking 200 soldiers to aid in establishing his authority. During January and February 1838, Alvarado and Carrillo exchanged letters seeking to avoid armed conflict. In early March, Carrillo received an inaccurate report that Alvarado had sent an army south. To halt any invasion from the north, Carrillo sent an armed force to San Buenaventura under
7280-402: The northern portion of the community. Much of the eastern portion is on a relatively flat alluvial coastal plain lying along the western edge of the Oxnard Plain . Several Barrancas extend from the foothills to the Santa Clara River which forms the city's southerly boundary. The city extends up to the beginning of the Santa Clara River Valley at the historic community of Saticoy . Ventura
7384-431: The oil fields in the 1920s, along with the building of better roads to Los Angeles and the affordability of automobiles, enabled a major real estate boom. Symphony concerts and Little League teams were sponsored by the oil companies. Contemporary downtown Ventura is defined by extant buildings from this period. Landmarks built during the oil boom include Ventura Theatre (1928), the First Baptist Church of Ventura (1926),
7488-466: The only angle of vision and the proximate criterion of truth is the Christian faith. This fact affects his importance as a philosopher; when coupled with his style, it makes Bonaventure perhaps the least accessible of the major figures of the thirteenth century. This is true because philosophy interests him largely as a praeparatio evangelica , as something to be interpreted as a foreshadow of or deviation from what God has revealed. Bonaventure's feast day
7592-487: The other five finalists. The Majestic Ventura Theater is an early 20th-century landmark in the downtown. It has been a venue for concerts such as The Doors , Pearl Jam , Van Halen , X , Ray Charles , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Social Distortion , Bad Religion , Fugazi , Incubus , Tom Petty , They Might Be Giants , and Johnny Cash , as well as homegrown artists like KYLE , Cirith Ungol , Big Bad Voodoo Daddy and Army of Freshmen . The Ventura County Fairgrounds
7696-530: The point of delivery. In November 2020, a ballot measure for taxation of cannabis was approved by city voters. The City Council adopted a resolution allowing a maximum number of cannabis businesses in the city in February 2021. The ordinances allow up to three retail permits and up to 10 distribution permits. In October 2022, the City Manager selected four businesses to be allowed to operate in the city after
7800-461: The population. The Census reported that 103,940 people (97.7% of the population) lived in households, 755 (0.7%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 1,738 (1.6%) were institutionalized. There were 40,438 households, out of which 13,014 (32.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 18,907 (46.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 4,936 (12.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,153 (5.3%) had
7904-476: The position of lecturer on The Four Books of Sentences —a book of theology written by Peter Lombard in the twelfth century—and in 1255 he received the degree of master, the medieval equivalent of doctor. After having successfully defended his order against the reproaches of the anti- mendicant party, he was elected Minister General of the Franciscan Order. On 24 November 1265, he was selected for
8008-579: The post of Archbishop of York ; however, he was never consecrated and resigned the appointment in October 1266. During his tenure, the General Chapter of Narbonne, held in 1260, promulgated a decree prohibiting the publication of any work out of the order without permission from superiors. This prohibition has induced modern writers to pass severe judgment upon Roger Bacon 's superiors, who were assumed to be envious of Bacon's abilities. However,
8112-456: The previous night's encampment near today's Saticoy and camped near the outlet of the Ventura River on August 14 . Fray Juan Crespi , a Franciscan missionary traveling with the expedition, noted that "we saw a regular town, the most populous and best laid-out of all that we had seen on the journey up to the present time." Archaeological records found that the Chumash village they encountered
8216-568: The prohibition enjoined on Bacon was a general one, which extended to the whole order. Its promulgation was not directed against him, but rather against Gerard of Borgo San Donnino . In 1254 Gerard had published without permission a work, Introductorius in Evangelium æternum ( An Introduction to the Eternal Gospel ) that was judged heretical within a year. Thereupon the General Chapter of Narbonne promulgated their decree, identical with
8320-553: The sister of King Louis IX of France , and her monastery of Poor Clares at Longchamps, Bonaventure wrote the treatise Concerning the Perfection of Life . The Commentary on the Sentences , written at the command of his superiors when he was twenty-seven, is Bonaventure's major work and most of his other theological and philosophical writings are in some way dependent on it. However, some of Bonaventure's later works, such as
8424-491: The soccer clubs Ventura County Football Club and Ventura County Fusion , of USL League Two . Ventura is also home to the Ventura Raceway, a 1/5mile dirt track which hosts an array of auto racing events throughout the year, including the prestigious Turkey Night Grand Prix. Ventura had an at-large system of electing council members but changed to seven council districts in 2018 due to threatened legal action based on
8528-502: The soul must employ the proper means, which are prayer; the exercise of the virtues , whereby it is rendered fit to accept the divine light; and meditation that may rise even to ecstatic union with God . The supreme end of life is a union in contemplation or intellect or intense absorbing love ; but it cannot be entirely reached in this life, and remains as a hope for the future. Like Aquinas and other notable thirteenth-century philosophers and theologians, Bonaventure believed that it
8632-649: The students, faculty and staff of the college as well as the general public of Ventura County. The Research Library of the Museum of Ventura County holds books and archival materials related to the history of the county and surrounding regions. Its holdings are catalogued in the Ventura County Library system and the Central Coast Museum Consortium, and the library is open to the public. Ventura County Law Library, located in
8736-532: The three retail businesses that were selected filed a lawsuit against the city for a court order that would end the appeals and force the city to issue them permits. The other five finalists had appealed, resulting in a lengthy delay while the appeal was sent to the California Office of Administrative Hearings. The city decided in late July to issue permits to the three businesses already selected immediately after August 31 and also issue permits to three of
8840-559: The trees was destroyed by high winds. There are three branches of the Ventura County Library in the City of Ventura: E.P. Foster Library on Main Street, Avenue Library on Ventura Avenue, and Hill Road Library on the east side of the city. Saticoy Library is in the unincorporated area of Saticoy outside the east end of the city of Ventura. The Evelyn and Howard Boroughs Library of Ventura College , dedicated in 2005, serves
8944-473: The ultimate cause of a world that philosophical reason can prove was created at a first moment in time. Intellectual creatures he conceived of as images and likenesses of God, the workings of the human mind and will leading us to God understood as illuminator of knowledge and donor of grace and virtue. The final route to God is the route of being, in which Bonaventure brought Anselm 's argument together with Aristotelian and Neoplatonic metaphysics to view God as
9048-666: The unconstrained but perfect will of God, divine justice and the devil, the immortality of and uniqueness of human soul, and the goodness and beauty of creation. This also serves as his repudiation of Arab peripatetic necessitarianism and pure Aristotelian identified by the Greek Fathers, if left uncorrected by Plato and Revelation which teach the same thing under different modes. Upon [rejection of exemplarism], there follows another [error], that is, that God has neither foreknowledge nor providence, since He does not have within Himself
9152-577: The west many of the doctrines that would define scholastic philosophy, was a critically important source of Bonaventure's Platonism. The mystic pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite was another notable influence. In philosophy, Bonaventure presents a marked contrast to his contemporaries, Roger Bacon , Albert the Great , and Thomas Aquinas . While these may be taken as representing, respectively, physical science yet in its infancy, and Aristotelian scholasticism in its most perfect form, Bonaventure presents
9256-491: Was 1.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.5%. 59,330 people (55.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 44,610 people (41.9%) lived in rental housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 100,916 people, 38,524 households, and 25,233 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,790.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,849.7/km). There were 39,803 housing units at an average density of 1,889.5 per square mile (729.5/km). The racial makeup of
9360-613: Was 3.14. The population was spread out, with 23,918 people (22.5%) under the age of 18, 9,581 people (9.0%) aged 18 to 24, 28,814 people (27.1%) aged 25 to 44, 29,957 people (28.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 14,163 people (13.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.6 males. There were 42,827 housing units at an average density of 1,334.4 per square mile (515.2/km), of which 22,600 (55.9%) were owner-occupied, and 17,838 (44.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate
9464-407: Was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 52,297, and the other income for a family was $ 60,466. Males had a median income of $ 43,828 versus $ 31,793 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 25,065. About 6.4% of families and 9.0% of the population were below
9568-432: Was able to advance through the Rincon both unopposed and undetected. Castro's forces arrived in San Buenaventura and surrounded the Mission, catching Castañeda's forces by surprise. On the morning of March 27, Castro sent a note to Castañeda, giving him one hour to evacuate the Mission in exchange for a promise to safeguard life and property. Castañeda replied that he would only comply if the evacuation were made "with all
9672-602: Was built in 1872 at a cost of $ 45,000 and was the longest wooden pier in California. By 1917, it had been rebuilt to a length of 1,700 feet (520 m). Much of the pier was destroyed by a storm in 1995, but it was subsequently rebuilt. In 1913, the Rincon Sea Level Road and the Ventura River Bridge opened. The large Ventura Oil Field was first drilled in 1919 and at its peak produced 90,000 barrels per day (14,000 m/d). The development of
9776-472: Was captured by Huguenots , who burned Bonaventure's body in the public square. In the 19th century, during the " dechristianization of France " during the French Revolution, the urn containing the incorrupt head was hidden, after which the church was razed to the ground. The urn has never been recovered. The only extant relic of Bonaventure is the arm and hand with which he wrote his Commentary on
9880-677: Was classified as an obligatory memorial and assigned to the date of his death, 15 July. He is the patron saint of bowel disorders. Bonaventure is remembered in the Church of England with a commemoration on 15 July . Bonaventure Drive/Bonaventure public school, in London, Ontario, Canada Bonaventura College is a Catholic high school in Leiden in the Netherlands . Battle of San Buenaventura The Battle of San Buenaventura
9984-514: Was fought during the 25-year period (1821-1846) when the modern State of California was a Mexican territory. Juan Bautista Alvarado was a native Californian who led a movement for the independence of California from 1836 to 1837. He negotiated an agreement with the Mexican government that provided for an end to the independence movement and his recognition as the Governor of California . During
10088-487: Was fought on March 27 and March 28, 1838, between forces representing competing claims to the governorship of California , then a Mexican territory. The opposing forces consisted of supporters of Juan Bautista Alvarado based in Northern California and supporters of Carlos Antonio Carrillo from Southern California . The major action consisted of a cannon siege on the Carrillo loyalists who were encamped at
10192-410: Was founded in Ventura. Research and resource company The Barna Group is located near downtown Ventura. In 2009 the City of Ventura created Ventura Ventures Technology Center, a business incubator with a high-tech focus. Ventura Ventures Technology Center was created as an economic engine to develop jobs and companies locally, as well as attract entrepreneurs to the area. The Trade Desk was started in
10296-539: Was included in the General Roman Calendar immediately upon his canonisation in 1482. It was at first celebrated on the second Sunday in July, but was moved in 1568 to 14 July, since 15 July, the anniversary of his death, was at that time taken up with the feast of Saint Henry . It remained on that date, with the rank of "double", until 1960, when it was reclassified as a feast of the third class. In 1969 it
10400-398: Was settled sometime around AD 1000. Junípero Serra , first leader of the Franciscans in California, founded Mission San Buenaventura in 1782 as his ninth and last mission established near the Chumash village as part of Spain's colonization of Alta California . The mission was named for St. Bonaventure , a 13th-century Franciscan saint and a Doctor of the Church . San Miguel Chapel
10504-409: Was sold or given away in large grants called ranchos . Rancho Ex-Mission San Buenaventura was a 48,823-acre (197.58 km) grant that included downtown Ventura. The Battle of San Buenaventura was fought in 1838 between competing armies from northern and southern California. Governor Juan Bautista Alvarado granted Rancho San Miguel to Felipe Lorenzana and Raymundo Olivas, whose Olivas Adobe on
10608-486: Was the first outpost and center of operations while the first Mission San Buenaventura was being constructed. The first mission burned in 1801 and a replacement building of brick and stone was completed in 1809. The bell tower and facade of the new mission was destroyed by an 1812 earthquake. The Mission was rebuilt and functions as a parish church. The Mexican secularization act of 1833 was passed twelve years after Mexico won independence from Spain in 1821. Mission land
10712-722: Was widened and improved by 1969, is known as the Ventura Freeway , which directly links Ventura with the rest of the Greater Los Angeles . In 2017, the Thomas Fire started north of Ventura in Santa Paula . Propelled by the Santa Ana Winds , the fire spread into hillside neighborhoods of Ventura and the area above downtown. The fire burned down 504 residences burned in the city. Main Street in
10816-420: Was written by Bonaventure, claiming that the style of thinking does not match Bonaventure's original style. His position is no longer tenable given recent research: the text remains "indubitably authentic". A work that for many years was falsely attributed to Bonaventure, De septem itineribus aeternitatis , was actually written by Rudolf von Biberach ( c. 1270 – 1329). For Isabelle of France ,
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