103-779: North–South Expressway may refer to: North–South Expressway (Malaysia) North–South Expressway Northern Route North–South Expressway Central Link North–South Expressway Southern Route North–South Corridor, Singapore , formerly named the North–South Expressway North–South Expressway East , running along the coast of Vietnam North–South Expressway West , running along western border of Vietnam See also [ edit ] North–South Corridor (disambiguation) North–South Motorway , in Australia [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
206-601: A My RFID toll booth. Generally the expressway consists of four lanes, two for each direction. There are some exceptions to this; the following are stretches with six lanes or eight lanes (three or four each way) North–South Expressway is designed as a high-speed long distance expressway therefore the default speed limit on the expressway is 110 km/h (68 mph), but there are some exceptions in some places for several reasons, including:- Most heavy vehicles are only allowed to travel 80–90 km/h by law. Considering that two lanes are inadequate for smooth traffic flow,
309-633: A Sultan after he met Queen Victoria . He managed to regain Kesang territory for Johor after a civil war with the aid of British forces and he boosted the town's infrastructure and agricultural economy. Infrastructure such as the State Mosque and Royal Palace was built with the aid of Wong Ah Fook, who had become a close patron for the Sultan since his migration during the Temenggong reign. As
412-764: A commercial housing development without informing the state government. Other historical religious buildings include the Arulmigu Sri Rajakaliamman Hindu Temple , Sri Raja Mariamman Hindu Temple, Gurdwara Sahib and Church of the Immaculate Conception . The Danga Bay is a 25 kilometres (16 mi) area of recreational waterfront. There are around 15 established golf courses, of which two offer 36-hole facilities; most of these are located within resorts. The city also features several paintball parks which are also used for off-road motorsports activities. The Johor Zoo
515-728: A considerable amount of rain, and high humidity throughout the course of the year. An equatorial climate is a tropical rainforest climate more subject to the Intertropical Convergence Zone than the trade winds and with no cyclone . Daily average temperatures range from 26.4 °C (79.5 °F) in January to 27.8 °C (82.0 °F) in April with an average annual rainfall of around 2,350 mm (93 in). The wettest months, with 19 to 25 percent more rain than average, are April, November and December. Although
618-838: A dispute between the Malays and the Bugis , the Johor-Riau Sultanate was split in 1819 with the mainland portion of the Johor Sultanate coming under the control of Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim while the Riau-Lingga Sultanate came under the control of the Bugis. The Temenggong intended to create a new administration centre for the Johor Sultanate to create a dynasty under the entity of Temenggong. As
721-738: A faster pace. The first section completed by PLUS was the Ayer Keroh–Pagoh section on 5 April 1989. By March 1990, PLUS had given 40 civil works contracts for the construction of the North-South Expressway and the North Klang Valley Expressway. In May 1992, UEM began accelerating the construction of North-South Expressway, ahead of the deadline of the concession agreement set for May 1995. By 1992, PLUS had already given 41 contracts worth RM 4.7 billion. The 31-km New Klang Valley Expressway (NKVE) E1
824-576: A fourth lane on certain stretches of the highway, namely from Shah Alam to Jalan Duta , from Shah Alam to Rawang and from Nilai (North) to Port Dickson . The upgrading works for this project began in October 2012 and was completed in 2015. Plus Expressways Berhad changes older Sodium-vapor lamp lighting to a new LED lamp lighting when needed frequently. The North–South Expressway southern route from Sungai Besi Toll Plaza to Nilai Utara exit and most of North–South Expressway Central Link lighting
927-581: A further series of bombings by the Japanese on 29 January, the British retreated to Singapore and blew up the causeway the following day as a final attempt to stop the Japanese advance in British Malaya. The Japanese then used the Sultan's residence of Bukit Serene Palace located in the town as their main temporary base for their future initial plans to conquer Singapore while waiting to reconnect
1030-414: A level of success. Those who use this expressway will be expected not only to enjoy the various parties in the construction efforts, but also can even appreciate this expressway contribution towards national development." Plans to upgrade the stretches from Slim River to Tanjung Malim , Tanjung Malim to Rawang (Northern route), Seremban to Senawang , and Senawang to Ayer Keroh ( Southern route )
1133-684: A local Malay politician who later became the Chief Minister of Johor , formed the United Malay National Organisation party on 11 May 1946 when the Malays expressed their widespread disenchantment over the British government 's action for granting citizenship laws to non-Malays in the proposed states of the Malayan Union . An agreement over the policy was then reached in the town with Malays agreeing with
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#17327721289061236-596: A museum after serving for 100 years since the British colonial era. Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque, located along Skudai Road, is the main and the oldest mosque in the state. It was built with a combination of Victorian , Moorish and Malay architectures. The Johor Bahru Old Chinese Temple , located on the Trus Road, dedicated to the Five Patron Deities from the five Southern Chinese Clans ( Hokkien , Teochew , Hakka , Cantonese & Hainanese ) in
1339-515: A number of private college campuses and one polytechnic operating in the city; these are Crescendo International College , KPJ College, Olympia College, Sunway College Johor Bahru , Taylor's College and College of Islamic Studies Johor. The Johor State Library, also known as the Johor Public Library Corporation headquarters is the main library in the state, located off Yahya Awal Road. Another public library branch
1442-770: A railway line terminating at the Southern Integrated Gateway. The main bus terminal of the city is the Larkin Sentral located in Larkin . Other bus terminals include Taman Johor Jaya Bus Terminal and Ulu Tiram Bus Terminal. Larkin Sentral has direct bus services to and from many destinations in West Malaysia, southern Thailand and Singapore, while Taman Johor Jaya and Ulu Tiram Bus Terminals serve local destinations. Major bus operators in
1545-446: A serious glut of such property in the region. Occupancy of high-rise accommodation has been predicted to fall to 50 percent, and commercial property to 65 percent, by the end of 2019 due to continued incoming supply. As the capital city of Johor, the city plays an important role in the economic welfare of the entire state's population. There is one member of parliament (MP) representing the single parliamentary constituency ( P.160 ) in
1648-656: A trail known as Old Buildings Road; they feature a mixture of Chinese and Indian heritages, reflected by their forms of ethnic business and architecture. The Mawar Handicrafts Centre, a government-funded exhibition and sales centre, is located along the Sungai Chat road and sells various batik and songket clothes. Opposite this is the Johor Area Rehabilitation Organisation (JARO) Handicrafts Centre which sells items such as hand-made cane furniture, soft toys and rattan baskets made by
1751-640: Is Changi Airport in Singapore located 36.3 km from the city centre. Boat services are available to ports in Batam and Bintan Islands in Indonesia from Stulang Laut Ferry Terminal , located near the suburb of Stulang . There are three public hospitals , four health clinics and thirteen 1Malaysia clinics in Johor Bahru. Sultanah Aminah Hospital , which is located along Persiaran Road,
1854-423: Is a house gallery built in 1910, known as the house for the former third Chief Minister of Johor, Abdullah Jaafar. The house features old architecture and became the centre for the collection of artefacts related to Johor's cultural history since its renovation in 2000. The Grand Palace is one of the historical attractions in the city, and is an example of Victorian-style architecture with a garden. Figure Museum
1957-645: Is also gazetted as route E1. The E1 and E2 expressways are linked together via the North–South Expressway Central Link, E6 . While most of the expressway was construct according to JKR R6 design standards being defined in the Arahan Teknik 8/86: A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads ( controlled-access expressway with design speed limit of 120 km/h and lane width of 3.5 m), the Jitra–Bukit Kayu Hitam section does not adhere to
2060-523: Is another historical colonial building since 1886 which ever become the house for the Johor first Menteri Besar Jaafar Muhammad ; it is located on the top of Smile Hill ( Bukit Senyum ). The English College (now Maktab Sultan Abu Bakar ) established in 1914 was located close to the Sungai Chat Palace before being moved to its present location at Sungai Chat Road; some of the ruins are visible at
2163-461: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages North%E2%80%93South Expressway (Malaysia) The North–South Expressway is a network of tolled controlled-access highways running through the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia . The expressway network consists of the northern and southern route, having a total length of 772 kilometres (480 miles). Running through seven states and connecting
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#17327721289062266-674: Is divided into 2 main routes – the northern (route E1) and the southern (route E2). Both routes run parallel to the federal route 1 from Johor Bahru to Bukit Kayu Hitam . Each component expressway begins at the furthest end of the expressway from Kuala Lumpur. While the E2 terminates at the Selangor–Kuala Lumpur border, the E1 ends at Bukit Lanjan before proceeding to the city via the New Klang Valley Expressway , which
2369-472: Is done by the Touch 'n Go electronic payment system through the use of Touch 'n Go cards, PLUSMiles Touch 'n Go cards, SmartTAG and Touch 'n Go RFID . The North–South Expressway uses two toll systems:- For junction list, see North–South Expressway Northern Route , North–South Expressway Central Link and North–South Expressway Southern Route . Pos Malaysia issued commemorative postage stamps to mark
2472-567: Is generally known in Chinese as Xinshan , meaning "New Mountain" ( Chinese : 新山 ; pinyin : Xīnshān ), as "mountain" may be used to mean "territory" or "land". The name "New Mountain" distinguished it from "Old Mountain" ( Jiushan ), once used to refer to Kranji and Sembawang (in Singapore), where the Chinese first cultivated black pepper and gambier on plantations before relocating to new lands in Johor Bahru in 1855. Due to
2575-422: Is located on Ayer Molek Road, while another court for Sharia law is located on Abu Bakar Road. The Johor (state) Police Contingent Headquarters is located on Tebrau Road. Johor Bahru's Southern District police headquarters, which also operates as a police station, is on Meldrum Road in the city centre. The Johor Bahru Southern District traffic police headquarters is a separate entity along Tebrau Road, close to
2678-522: Is normally written as "baru" in English ( Roman ) characters, today, although the word appears in other place names with several English spelling variants, such as in Kota Bharu , Kelantan, and Pekanbaru , Riau ( Indonesia ). The British preferred to write it as Johore Bahru or Johore Bharu , though the currently-accepted western spelling is Johor Bahru — Johore is only spelt Johor, without
2781-496: Is one of the oldest zoos in Malaysia; built in 1928 covering 4 hectares (9.9 acres) of land, it was originally called "animal garden" before being handed to the state government for renovation in 1962. The zoo has around 100 species of animals, including wild cats , camels, chimpanzees , gorillas , orangutans , and tropical birds. Visitors can participate in activities such as horse riding or using pedalos . The largest park in
2884-808: Is served by two railway stations, which are Johor Bahru Sentral railway station and Kempas Baru railway station . Both stations serve train services to Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. In 2015, a new shuttle train service operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM) was launched providing transport to Woodlands in Singapore. The city is served by Senai International Airport located at the neighbouring Senai town and connected through Skudai Highway . Four airlines, AirAsia (and its subsidiaries Indonesia AirAsia and Thai AirAsia ), Firefly , Malaysia Airlines , Batik Air Malaysia and formerly Xpress Air , provide flights domestically as well as international flights to Jakarta Soekarno–Hatta , Surabaya , Hồ Chí Minh City , and Bangkok Don Mueang . The nearest major airport
2987-703: Is the University Park in Kebudayaan Road, while there are other libraries or private libraries in schools, colleges, and universities. Two village libraries are available in the district of Johor Bahru. There are a number of cultural attractions in Johor Bahru. The Royal Abu Bakar Museum located within the Grand Palace building is the main museum in the city. The Johor Bahru Kwong Siew Heritage located in Wong Ah Fook Street housed
3090-408: Is the largest indoor sports centre in the city. Two radio stations have their offices in the city: Best FM (104.1) and Johor FM (101.9). Johor Bahru was once notorious for its relatively high crime rate, compared to other urban areas in Malaysia. In 2014, Johor Bahru South police district recorded one of the highest crime rates in the country with 4,151 cases, behind Petaling Jaya . In 2013,
3193-597: Is the largest public hospital in Johor Bahru as well as in Johor with 989 beds. Another government funded hospital is the Sultan Ismail Specialist Hospital with 700 beds. Another large private health facility is the KPJ Puteri Specialist Hospital with 158 beds. Further healthcare facilities are currently being expanded to improve healthcare services in the city. Many government or state schools are available in
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3296-541: Is the main commercial centre for Johor and is located in the Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore Growth Triangle . Tertiary-based industry dominates the economy with many international tourists from the regions visiting the city. It is the centre of financial services, commerce and retail, arts and culture, hospitality, urban tourism, plastic manufacturing, electrical and electronics and food processing. The main shopping districts are located within
3399-425: Is the south-west Monsoon, which hardly affects the rainfall in Johor Bahru, where winds are from the south and south-west. This occurs between June and September. Johor Bahru has an official demonym where people are commonly referred to as "Johor Bahruans". The terms "J.B-ites" and "J.B-ians" have also been used to a limited extent. People from Johor are called Johoreans. The Malaysian Census in 2010 reported
3502-514: The Johor Bahru Central Business District to outlying suburbs: Tebrau Highway and Johor Bahru Eastern Dispersal Link Expressway in the northeast, Skudai Highway in the northwest, Iskandar Coastal Highway in the west and Johor Bahru East Coast Highway in the east. Pasir Gudang Highway and the connecting Johor Bahru Parkway cross Tebrau Highway and Skudai Highway, which serve as the middle ring road of
3605-627: The Pacific War . Johor Bahru thus became the post-war cradle of Malay nationalism , and a major political party (known as the United Malays National Organisation , or UMNO) was founded at the Istana Besar of Johor Bahru in 1946. After the formation of modern Malaysia in 1963, Johor Bahru retained its status as state capital, and was eventually granted city status, in 1994. The present area of Johor Bahru
3708-613: The Thailand and Singapore borders, the North–South Expressway is an important thoroughfare for local, interstate and international traffic. The expressway is part of route AH2 , a designation of the Asian Highway Network . The expressways were first conceived in 1977 due to increasing congestion on federal route 1 , which was the main north–south thoroughfare at the time. However, economic uncertainties and
3811-543: The physically disabled . The oldest cinema in the city was the Broadway Theatre which mostly screened Tamil and Hindi movies. Other cinemas available in the city located inside shopping malls. The city's main association football club is a Johor Darul Ta'zim F.C. Its home stadium is Sultan Ibrahim Stadium has a capacity of around 40,000. There is also a futsal centre, known as Sports Prima, which has eight minimum-sized FIFA approved futsal courts; it
3914-506: The British colonial government attempted to streamline the state's administration. The continuous development of Johor Bahru was, however, halted when the Japanese under General Tomoyuki Yamashita invaded the town on 31 January 1942. As the Japanese had reached northwest Johor by 15 January, they easily captured major towns of Johor such of Batu Pahat , Yong Peng , Kluang and Ayer Hitam . The British and other Allied forces were forced to retreat towards Johor Bahru; however, following
4017-594: The Chinese and Javanese communities. After Temenggong's death on 31 January 1862, the town was renamed "Johor Bahru" and his position was succeeded by his son, Abu Bakar, with the administration centre in Telok Blangah being moved to the area in 1889. In the first phase of Abu Bakar's administration, the British only recognised him as a maharaja rather than a sultan . In 1855, the British Colonial Office began to recognise his status as
4120-515: The Chinese are predominantly Buddhists / Taoists and the Indians were mostly Hindus despite there is also a small numbers from the two ethnic groups that are Christians and Muslims. A small number of Sikhs , Animists and secularists can also be found in the city. The following is based on Department of Statistics Malaysia 2010 census. The local ethnic Malays speak the Malay language, while
4223-546: The Indonesian communities living there to contribute information for Indonesian commandos until the bombing of the MacDonald House in Singapore in 1965. By the early 1990s, the town had considerably expanded in size, and was officially granted a city status on 1 January 1994. Johor Bahru City Council was formed and the city's current main square, Dataran Bandaraya Johor Bahru , was constructed to commemorate
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4326-571: The JKR R6 standards and was grandfathered as part of the E1 expressway, as the section was constructed before the Arahan Teknik 8/86 was published by the Malaysian Public Works Department in 1986. The North–South Expressway was constructed due to the congestion along the federal route 1 as a result of increasing traffic. In 1977, the government proposed to build a new north–south divided highway as an alternative to
4429-522: The Johor-British relationship improved, Abu Bakar also set up his administration under a British style and implemented a constitution known as Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor (Johor State Constitution). Although the British had long been advisers for the Sultanate of Johor, the Sultanate never came under direct colonial rule of the British. The direct colonial rule only came into effect when
4532-520: The Kuala Lumpur–Penang through traffic is now opened to traffic. With the opening of the 14.7-kilometre (9.1 mi) between Ipoh North (Jelapang) and Ipoh South stretch, highway users are no longer required to stop for toll transactions at the Ipoh North and Ipoh South Toll Plazas. In July 2010, the operator PLUS Expressways Berhad announced that the government has awarded contracts to build
4635-575: The Malaysian Highway Authority (LLM) to execute the entire construction job and decided to have the expressway project to be privatised, citing the success of the privatisation of the North Klang Straits Bypass in 1985 by Shapadu A letter of intention was sent to United Engineers (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (now UEM Group ) on 29 December 1986 before being finalised in 1988. The privatisation agreement had led to
4738-535: The Malaysian Highway Authority, a statutory body, which has been planned early and begin construction, with the Projek Lebuhraya Utara-Selatan Berhad (PLUS) (North–South Expressway Project), a private company that was awarded concessions to finance, design, construct, operate and maintain the expressways. Such efforts shows an improvement visions into a reality after across a variety of challenges that threaten to stop. It acknowledged
4841-566: The North to Johor Bahru in the Causeway bordering with Singapore in the South. The construction of the 848km expressway, across the peat swamps and forests and hill untapped granite hills, is an amazing achievement. Also impressive is the pragmatic way in which the combined efforts between the public and private sectors has resulted in this achievement. The expressways is the result of joint efforts of
4944-692: The Penang Bridge, was opened on 14 September 1985. Meanwhile, the 27.3-km Skudai Highway was constructed in Johor Bahru as another upgrade of route 1 in the south. The toll road had two toll plazas at the Senai and at the Johor Causeway . It was constructed by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR) before being handed over to Malaysian Highway Authority (LLM) in November 1985. The extensive urbanisation of Johor Bahru however had rendered
5047-537: The Skudai Highway FT1 to be unsuitable to become a part of the North–South Expressway E2, as the Skudai Highway FT1 is not a controlled-access highway . Nevertheless, the toll road and the North–South Expressway were acquired by Projek Lebuhraya Utara-Selatan Berhad . However, various parties especially residents of Senai and political parties urged that the toll collection be abolished due to
5150-455: The Temenggong already had a close relationship with the British and the British intended to have control over trade activities in Singapore, a treaty was signed between Sultan Ali and Temenggong Ibrahim in Singapore on 10 March 1855. According to the treaty, Ali would be crowned as the Sultan of Johor and receive $ 5,000 (in Spanish dollars ) with an allowance of $ 500 per month. In return, Ali
5253-707: The access to the new CIQ complex and the Johor–Singapore Causeway is provided by the Johor Bahru Eastern Dispersal Link Expressway . The next completed sections were the Ipoh–Changkat Jering and Senawang–Ayer Keroh sections in 1987. The Senawang–Ayer Keroh section was built as an extension of the Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway. The toll collection of the Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway
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#17327721289065356-404: The causeway. The Japanese chose the palace as their main base because they already knew the British would not dare to attack it as this would harm their close relationship with Johor. In less than a month, the Japanese repaired the causeway and invaded the Singapore island easily. Soon after the war ended in 1946, the town became the main hotspot for Malay nationalism in Malaya. Onn Jaafar ,
5459-556: The city also accounted for 70% of crimes committed in the entire state of Johor , with a Johor police spokesman admitting that Johor Bahru remained a crime hotspot within the state. Crime in Johor Bahru has also received substantial media coverage by the Singaporean press, as Singaporeans visiting or transiting through the neighbouring city are often targeted by criminals. Among the more common criminal cases in Johor Bahru are robberies, snatch theft, carjacking , kidnapping and rape. Gang and unarmed robberies accounted for about 76% of
5562-417: The city are Causeway Link , Maju and S&S. It is possible to get around the city by bus, though the frequency of the bus might be an issue. Two types of taxis operate in the city; the main taxi is either in red and yellow, blue, green or red while the larger, less common type is known as a limousine taxi, which is more comfortable but expensive. Most taxis in the city do not use their meter . The city
5665-496: The city centre. Johor Bahru's Northern District police headquarters and Northern District Traffic Police headquarters are co-located in Skudai, about 20 km north of the city centre. There are around eleven police stations and seven police substations (Pondok Polis) in the greater Johor Bahru area. Johor Bahru Prison was located in the city along Ayer Molek Road, but was closed down after 122 years operation in December 2005, its function being transferred to an expanded prison in
5768-457: The city council, which consists of 3 Amanah members, 3 Bersatu members, 3 DAP members and 2 PKR members. In August 2021, mayor Adib Azhari Daud was arrested and taken into custody for allegedly accepting bribes from contractors while overseeing development of Johor Bahru. The arrest marks the first time an active Johor mayor has been arrested. The city high court complex is located along Dato' Onn Road. The Sessions and Magistrate Courts
5871-420: The city is Independence Park . Dataran Bandaraya was built after Johor Bahru was proclaimed as a city. The site features a clock tower , fountain and a large field. The Wong Ah Fook Street is named after Wong Ah Fook. The Tan Hiok Nee Street is named after Tan Hiok Nee , who was the leader of the former Ngee Heng Kongsi , a secret society in Johor Bahru. Together with the Dhoby Street, both are part of
5974-522: The city, with a number of large shopping malls located in the suburbs. Johor Bahru is the location of numerous conferences , congress and trade fairs, such as the Eastern Regional Organisation for Planning and Housing and the World Islamic Economic Forum . The city is the first in Malaysia to practise a low-carbon economy . The city has a very close economic relationship with Singapore. There are around 3,000 logistic lorries crossing between Johor Bahru and Singapore every day for delivering goods between
6077-414: The city. It was built in 1875 and renovated by the Persekutuan Tiong Hua Johor Bahru (Johor Bahru Tiong Hua Association) in 1994–95 with the addition of a small L-shaped museum in one corner of the square premises. The Wong Ah Fook Mansion, the home of the late Wong Ah Fook, was a former historical attraction. It stood for more than 150 years but was demolished illegally by its owner in 2014 to make way for
6180-662: The city. The secondary schools include English College Johore Bahru , Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Engku Aminah, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sultan Ismail, Sekolah Menengah Infant Jesus Convent, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan (Perempuan) Sultan Ibrahim and Sekolah Menengah Saint Joseph. There are also a number of international schools in the city. These include Marlborough College Malaysia , Shattuck-St. Mary’s Forest City International School, Raffles American School, Sunway International School. The other private universities are Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, University of Reading Malaysia, University of Southampton Malaysia. There are also
6283-1066: The city. The city also elects two representatives to the state legislature from the state assembly districts of Larkin and Stulang. The city is administered by the Johor Bahru City Council . The current mayor is Dato' Haji Mohd Noorazam bin Dato' Haji Osman, which took office since 15 August 2021. Johor Bahru obtained city status on 1 January 1994. The area under the jurisdiction of the Johor Bahru City Council includes Central District, Kangkar Tebrau, Kempas , Taman Sri Bahagia, Danga Bay, Taman Suria, Kampung Majidee Baru, Southkey, Taman Sri Tebrau, Taman Abad, Taman Sentosa, Banda Baru Uda, Taman Perling, Larkin , Majidee, Kampung Maju Jaya, Bandar Dato´ Onn, Seri Austin, Adda Heights, Taman Gaya, Taman Daya, Taman Bukit Aliff, Setia Tropika, Taman Johor, Taman Anggerik, Taman Sri Putra, Mount Austin, Pandan, Pasir Pelangi , Pelangi, Taman Johor Jaya, Taman Molek, Permas Jaya , Rinting, Tampoi , Tasek Utara and Tebrau . This covers an area of 220 square kilometres (85 sq mi). Currently there are 11 council members in
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#17327721289066386-409: The climate is relatively uniform, it does show some seasonal variation due to the effects of monsoons , with noticeable changes in wind speed and direction, cloud cover and amount of rainfall. There are two monsoon periods each year, the first one between mid-October and January, which is the north-east Monsoon. This period is characterised by heavier rainfall and wind from the north-east. The second one
6489-408: The dominance of economy by the non-Malays and the Malays' dominance in political matters being agreed upon by non-Malays. Racial conflict between the Malay and non-Malays, especially the Chinese, is being provoked continuously since the Malayan Emergency . After the formation of the Federation of Malaysia in 1963, Johor Bahru continued as the state capital and more development was carried out, with
6592-469: The event. A central business district was developed in the centre of the city from the mid-1990s in the area around Wong Ah Fook Street . The state and federal government channelled considerable funds for the development of the city—particularly more so after 2006, when the Iskandar Malaysia was formed. However, more than ten years of unbridled building construction in Iskandar, especially of higher-end high-rise apartments and commercial property, has led to
6695-412: The expressway between 1982 and 1988 was solely administered by Malaysian Highway Authority before being transferred to Projek Lebuhraya Utara-Selatan Berhad on 13 May 1988. The construction of the expressway was done in stages. As the construction works continued, segments of the highway were opened to traffic as they were finished to help fund the construction works. The Jitra–Bukit Kayu Hitam section
6798-503: The expressway is being widened as a result of the increasing number of fatal accidents along this highway. It has been recently decided that the two-lane 110 km/h highway will be upgraded to a three-lane 110 km/h highway to prevent accidents, however another lane was being added on the selected stretches to increase it to four lanes. The North–South Expressway is a toll expressway. Since 26 April 2017, all toll plazas are fully electronic with cash no longer being accepted. Payment
6901-406: The federal route 1. The proposal to build the new highway was mooted as a result of the severe congestion along the Federal Route 1. Because of the large cost of the project, the highway was planned to be privatised and tolled, but none of the constructors being invited by the government were willing to do the job due to economic uncertainties at that time and the plan could not be materialised. It
7004-399: The formation of Highway Concessionaires Berhad which would later become Projek Lebuhraya Utara-Selatan Berhad (PLUS). PLUS took over the construction, operation and maintenance jobs of the North–South Expressway from LLM starting from March 1998, together with the Skudai Highway FT1. After the North–South Expressway project was privatised in 1988, the construction work progress continued at
7107-406: The former Cantonese clan house that was donated by Wong Ah Fook . The Foon Yew High School houses many historical documents of the city history with a Chinese cultural heritage. The Johor Bahru Chinese Heritage Museum on Ibrahim Road includes the history of Chinese migration to Johor along with a collection of documents, photos, and other artefacts. The Johor Art Gallery in Petrie Road
7210-408: The high cost meant that construction did not begin until 1981. The expressway began opening in stages from 1982, but the economic downturn at the time meant that construction had stalled and the work had to be fully privatised. The expressways were finally completed in 1994, with the tolls collected from the operational sections funding the remainder of the construction work. The North–South Expressway
7313-414: The initial phases, the North–South Expressway project was criticized for its sluggish progress pace. As of 1986, only about 350 km (or two-thirds of the entire length) of the expressway was completed. The work progress became worse due to the nationwide economic setback caused by the falling prices of commodities like rubber and tin. As a result, the government had to revise its initial policy of having
7416-497: The lack of toll-free alternative. As a result, the toll collection at Senai toll plaza was abolished on 1 March 2004. After the toll collection at Senai was abolished, the highway had been maintained by the Malaysian Public Works Department . The Johor Causeway toll plaza remained in operation until 2008, when the former Johor Bahru CIQ Complex was closed and replaced by the Sultan Iskandar CIQ Complex , and
7519-525: The land and to develop an agricultural economy in Johor. The Chinese planted the area with black pepper and gambier , while the Javanese dug parit ( canals ) to drain water from the land, build roads and plant coconuts . During this time, a Chinese businessman, pepper and gambier cultivator, Wong Ah Fook arrived; at the same time, the Kangchu and Javanese labour contract systems were introduced by
7622-462: The language primarily spoken by the local Chinese is Mandarin Chinese . The Chinese community is represented by several dialect groups: Hokkien and Teochew . The Indian community predominantly speaks Tamil , with a minority of Malayalam , Telugu and Punjabi speakers. 60% of the city's population is fluent in English, and it's higher among younger people. Johor Bahru is one of the fastest-growing cities in Malaysia after Kuala Lumpur . It
7725-483: The letter "e" at the end of the word, in the Malay language . The city's name is also spelt as Johor Baru or Johor Baharu. Johor Bahru was once known as Shantou , or "Little Swatow", by the city's Chinese community , as most of the Chinese residents are Teochew whose ancestry can be traced back to Shantou , China; they arrived in the mid-19th century, during the reign of Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim. The city, however,
7828-529: The local-express lanes. The decision to demolish both toll plazas was made as a result of accidents which happened at Jelapang toll plaza. Since the toll plaza was opened on 28 September 1987, there were many accident cases which involved brake failure in heavy vehicles due to hard braking when proceeding downhill to the toll plaza. On 7 June 2008, the new Ipoh North toll plaza (South bound) replacing old Jelapang toll plaza opened to traffic, followed by north bound on 15 August 2008. Beginning 11:00 am on 14 July 2009,
7931-534: The metropolitan area. The Johor Bahru Inner Ring Road , which connects with the Sultan Iskandar customs complex , aids in controlling the traffic in and around the central business district. Access to the national expressway is provided through the North–South Expressway and Senai–Desaru Expressway . The Johor–Singapore Causeway links the city to Woodlands, Singapore with a six-lane road and
8034-606: The nation behind the capital, Kuala Lumpur . Geographically, it is located at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula , along the north bank of the Straits of Johor , north of the city-state metropolis of Singapore , specifically Woodlands . Johor Bahru serves as one of two international border crossings, on the Malaysian side, between the country and Singapore, making it the busiest international border crossing in
8137-567: The neighbouring Riau Malays in Riau Islands , Indonesia with significant populations of Javanese , Bugis and Banjarese among the local Johorean Malay population. The Chinese mainly are from the majority Hokkien and Teochew (among the local Chinese), while the Indian community mainly and predominantly are Tamils , there are also small populations of Telugus , Malayalis and Sikh Punjabis . The Malays are majority Muslims , while
8240-437: The official opening of the North–South Expressway on 8 September 1994. The capsule will be released after the expiry of the concession of the North–South Expressway by PLUS Expressways on 31 December 2038. The monument is inscribed in Malay. The English version reads: "This monument symbolizes the pinnacle of successful for the construction of the North–South Expressway that connects Bukit Kayu Hitam bordering with Thailand in
8343-444: The old site. The Sultan Ibrahim Building is another historical building in the city; built in 1936 by British architect Palmer and Turner , it was the centre of the administration of Johor as since the relocation from Telok Blangah in Singapore, the Johor government never had its own building. Before the current railway station was built, there was Johor Bahru railway station (formerly Wooden Railway) which has now been turned into
8446-410: The opening of the North–South Expressway on 10 September 1994. The denominations for these stamps were 30 sen, 50 sen, and RM1.00. Johor Bahru Johor Bahru ( Malaysian: [ˈdʒohor ˈbahru] ), colloquially referred to as JB , is the capital city of the Malaysian state of Johor . It is the core city of Johor Bahru District , Malaysia's second-largest district by population. As
8549-427: The population of Johor Bahru as 497,067. The city's population today is a mixture of three main ethnicities – Malays, Chinese and Indians - along with other bumiputras . Malays comprise a plurality of the population at 240,323, followed by Chinese totalling 172,609, Indians totaling 73,319 and others totalling 2,957. Non-Malaysian citizens form a population of 2,585. The Malays in Johor Bahru are strongly related to
8652-420: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about roads and streets with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North–South_Expressway&oldid=1255545204 " Category : Road disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
8755-412: The second-largest national GDP -contributor among the major cities in Malaysia, it forms a part of Iskandar Malaysia , the nation's largest special economic zone , by investment value. The city has a population of 858,118 people within an area of 391.25 km . As the financial centre and logistics hub of southern Peninsular Malaysia , Johor Bahru has been ranked the second-most competitive city in
8858-666: The status of the adviser was elevated to a status similar to that of a Resident in the Federated Malay States (FMS) during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim in 1914. In Johor Bahru, the Malay Peninsula railway extension was finished in 1909, and in 1923 the Johor–Singapore Causeway was completed. Johor Bahru developed at a modest rate between the First and Second World Wars . The secretariat building— Sultan Ibrahim Building —was completed in 1940 as
8961-460: The success of the Government and represents a national effort funded and operated successfully by Malaysians. This monument also commemorates the efforts of leaders of the Government, public services, businesses, financial institutions, consultants, engineers and consultants, as well as contractors and labours, which has played an important role in facing their challenges and bring this project to
9064-503: The town of Kluang about 110 km from Johor Bahru. Other temporary lock-ups or prison cells are available in most police stations in the city, as in other parts of Malaysia. Johor Bahru is located along the Straits of Johor at the southern end of Peninsular Malaysia . Originally, the city area was only 12.12 km (4.68 sq mi) in 1933 before it was expanded to over 220 km (85 sq mi) in 2000. The city has an equatorial climate with consistent temperatures,
9167-545: The town's expansion and the construction of more new townships and industrial estates. The Indonesian confrontation did not directly affect Johor Bahru as the main Indonesian landing point in Johor was in Labis and Tenang in Segamat District as well Pontian District . There was only one active Indonesian spy organisation in the town, known as Gerakan Ekonomi Melayu Indonesia (GEMI). They frequently engaged with
9270-408: The two sides for trading activities. Many residents in Singapore frequently visit the city during the weekends; some of them have also chosen to live in the city. Many of the city's residents work in Singapore. The internal roads linking different parts of the city are mostly federal roads constructed and maintained by Malaysian Public Works Department . There are five major highways linking
9373-488: The world , Tanjung Pelepas . During the reign of Sultan Abu Bakar (between 1886–1895), there was further development and modernisation within the city, with the construction of administrative centres, offices, schools, civic and religious buildings, and railways connecting to Woodlands in Northern Singapore . Along with most of Southeast Asia, Japanese forces occupied Johor Bahru from 1942 to 1945 during
9476-478: The world ; its direct land link to Singapore, via the JB-Woodlands Causeway (the other being the (Tuas) Second Link at Iskandar Puteri ), KTM Intercity ( Shuttle Tebrau ) and the future RTS Link (under construction), is a key economic driver of the border city . Johor Bahru is categorised as Zone A of Iskandar Malaysia , adjacent to Senai International Airport and the 15th-busiest port in
9579-523: Was approved by the government for better traffic flow. It was completed in 2007. The Jelapang and Ipoh South toll plazas were demolished in 2009 to make a non-stop route across Ipoh . This is achieved through the construction of two local-express lanes for each side, which are only accessible via Exit 138 Ipoh South Exit (for northbound traffic) and Exit 141 Ipoh North Exit (for southbound traffic). The toll plazas in Ipoh are therefore relocated at each ends of
9682-403: Was changed. In the North–South Expressway northern route , lighting was added to sharp turns and hazardous sections. ( Gua Tempurung stretch and Kuala Kangsar–Jelapang stretch which are both highland roads with dangerous corners) On 16 December 2021, the North-South Expressway completes its RFID Tag My RFID network thus making all tolled roads on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia have
9785-573: Was completed in 1994, the expressway took the role of the Federal Route 1 as the main backbone route in Peninsular Malaysia. The North–South Expressway Monument was erected at Rawang Rest and Service Area (R&R) (North bound) near Rawang, Selangor on 8 September 1994. A capsule was put in place that contains documents that have been cultivated by the fourth prime minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohammad in conjunction with
9888-473: Was constructed as an upgrade of the existing Federal Route 1 section into a divided highway with partial access control and at-grade intersections . At that time, the construction of the Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway was ongoing, and therefore the expressway would later form the pioneer route for the southern route . The Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway, which was opened on 16 June 1982,
9991-535: Was from Sungai Besi to Labu. As a result of the completion of the Senawang–Ayer Keroh section, the old Labu Toll Plaza was demolished and was replaced by three toll plaza interchanges at Exit 218 Seremban Interchange, Exit 219 Port Dickson Interchange and Exit 220 Senawang Interchange; the Senawang Interchange was constructed by rerouting the through traffic to Ayer Keroh and southwards. During
10094-538: Was only after Mahathir Mohamad became the Prime Minister that the North–South Expressway project was revived. The project was launched in 1981. The Malaysian Highway Authority was established on 24 October 1980 to supervise and execute the design, construction, regulation, operation and maintenance of inter-urban highways, to impose and collect tolls, to enter into contracts and to provide for matters connected therewith. At that time, all construction works of
10197-714: Was only published by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR) later in 1986, resulting the section to be grandfathered as a part of the North–South Expressway E1. The third section being opened to motorists was the Seberang Jaya–Perai section. The section was constructed as a part of the Penang Bridge project; hence, the section forms the pioneer route for the Penang section of the North–South Expressway. The Seberang Jaya–Perai section, together with
10300-514: Was opened on 11 January 1993, connecting major cities in the Klang Valley with the North–South Expressway northern route. The remaining sections were opened gradually until the entire expressway was fully completed and opened in March 1994. The expressway was officially opened on 8 September 1994 by Malaysian prime minister at that time, Mahathir Mohamad . After the North–South Expressway
10403-478: Was originally known as Tanjung Puteri , and was a fishing village of the Malays . Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim then renamed Tanjung Puteri to Iskandar Puteri upon his arrival to the area in 1858, after acquiring the territory from Sultan Ali . It was renamed to Johor Bahru by Sultan Abu Bakar following the Temenggong's death. The word "Bah(a)ru" means "new" in Malay; thus, Johor Bahru means "New Johor". Bahru
10506-443: Was required to cede the sovereignty of the territory of Johor (except Kesang of Muar which would be the only territory under his control) to Temenggong Ibrahim. When both sides agreed on Temenggong acquiring the territory, he renamed it Iskandar Puteri and began to administer it from Telok Blangah in Singapore. As the area was still an undeveloped jungle, Temenggong encouraged the migration of Chinese and Javanese to clear
10609-436: Was the first completed section of the North–South Expressway project and became the first expressway to implement the ticket system (closed toll system), then followed by the Jitra–Bukit Kayu Hitam section in 1985. Unlike the other sections of the North–South Expressway, the Jitra–Bukit Kayu Hitam section did not comply with the expressway standards defined by the Arahan Teknik 8/86: A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads which
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