68-531: The Balangao tribe inhabits the barangay of Balangao in Natonin , Mountain Province , Philippines . The Balangao tribe focuses primarily on farming, which is performed either in rice terraces or on lands that were cleared by fire. At present, many of the younger generation of the tribe have gained education and are exposed to modernization, changing the once traditional society of the tribe. The language of
136-481: A resettlement policy called reductions , smaller, scattered barangays were consolidated (and thus "reduced") to form compact towns. Each barangay was headed by the cabeza de barangay (barangay chief), who formed part of the principalía , the elite ruling class of the municipalities of the Spanish Philippines. This position was inherited from the first datus and came to be known as such during
204-521: A chief of a village in Cebu, and persuaded the natives to ally themselves with the Spanish. On April 14 Magellan erected a large wooden cross on the shores of Cebu. Afterward, Humabon was baptized along with about 400 islanders. Magellan soon heard of Datu Lapu-Lapu, a native chief in nearby Mactan Island , a rival of a chief in Cebu. It was thought that Humabon and Lapu–Lapu had been fighting for control of
272-405: A single source, Juan de Plascencia's 1589 report Las costumbres de los indios Tagalos de Filipinas . However, historian Damon Woods challenges the concept of a barangay as an indigenous political organization primarily due to a lack of linguistic evidence. Based on indigenous language documents, Tagalogs did not use the word barangay to describe themselves or their communities. Instead, barangay
340-645: A total complement of 250 people from the Spanish fort of Sanlúcar de Barrameda en route to southeast Asia via the Americas and the Pacific Ocean. They reached the Philippines on March 16, 1521. Rajah Kolambu the king of Mazaua told them to sail for Cebu, where they could trade and obtain provisions. Arriving in Cebu City, Magellan, with Enrique of Malacca as a translator, befriended Rajah Humabon
408-537: A wagon road built in 1877, from Cotcot to Dapdap. The climate of Cebu is tropical. There are 2 seasons in Cebu − the dry and wet season. It is dry and sunny most of the year with some occasional rains during the months of June to December. The province of Cebu normally gets typhoons once a year or none. Northern Cebu gets more rainfall and typhoons than southern Cebu because it has a different climate. Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) hit Northern Cebu in 2013 killing 73 people and injuring 348 others. Though most typhoons hit only
476-588: Is Cebu City , nicknamed "the Queen (Catholic) City of the South" having the Second Cardinal, the oldest city and first capital of the Philippines , which is politically independent from the provincial government along with Mandaue and Lapu-Lapu City . The Cebu Metropolitan Area or Metro Cebu is the third largest metropolitan area in the Philippines (after Metro Manila and Metro Davao ) with Cebu City as
544-651: Is Tamil-Sanskrit for "Lion City", the same root words as with the modern city-state of Singapore . The later Spanish chronicler Antonio Pigafetta mispronounced Singhapala as Cingopola instead. The arrival of Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 began a period of Spanish exploration and colonization. Losing the favor of King Manuel I of Portugal for his plan of reaching the Spice Islands by sailing west from Europe, Magellan offered his services to King Charles I of Spain (Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor). On September 20, 1519, Magellan led five ships with
612-652: Is also a subspecies of Idea leuconoe that is only endemic to Cebu. I. l. jumaloni is endemic to the area of Kawasan Falls in Badian , hence its common name, the Kawasan Paper Kite Butterfly . The subspecies is also named after Julian Jumalon, a Cebuano Lepidopterist and butterfly artist. The butterfly can also be observed in the Nug-as rainforest. Cebu has little remaining forest cover. The remaining forest patches in Cebu are composed primarily of
680-597: Is argued to be a Spanish invention resulting from an attempt by the Spaniards to reconstruct pre-conquest Tagalog society. The first barangays started as relatively small communities of around 50 to 100 families. By the time of contact with the Spaniards, many barangays had developed into large communities. The encomienda of 1604 shows that many affluent and powerful coastal barangays in Sulu , Butuan , Panay , Leyte , Cebu , Pampanga , Pangasinan , Pasig , Laguna , and
748-793: Is because most of the people were relying on fishing for their supply of protein and their livelihood. They also traveled mostly by water, up and down rivers and along the coasts. Trails always followed river systems, which were also a major source of water for bathing, washing, and drinking. The coastal barangays were more accessible to trade with foreigners. These were ideal places for economic activity to develop. Business with traders from other countries also meant contact with other cultures and civilizations, such as those of Japan , Han Chinese , Indians , and Arabs . These coastal communities acquired more cosmopolitan cultures with developed social structures (sovereign principalities), ruled by established royalties and nobilities. During Spanish rule , through
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#1732772272665816-536: Is higher than the median age of 20.8 years that was recorded in 2000. The Cebuano language is spoken in Cebu, which is also spoken in the rest of Central Visayas and most parts of Eastern Visayas , as well as most provinces of Mindanao . In the Camotes Islands , especially in Poro , people there speak their own Visayan language called Porohanon , which has Masbateño and Waray-Waray influences. Some of
884-425: Is long and narrow, stretching 196 kilometers (122 mi) from north to south and 32 kilometers (20 mi) across at its widest point. It has narrow coastlines, limestone plateaus, and coastal plains. It also has rolling hills and rugged mountain ranges traversing the northern and southern lengths of the island. Cebu's highest mountains are over 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) high. Flat tracts of land can be found in
952-609: Is sometimes stopped and continued, In the absence of an SK, the council votes for a nominated Barangay Council president, and this president is not like the League of the Barangay Councilors, which is composed of barangay captains of a municipality. The Barangay Justice System, or Katarungang Pambarangay , is composed of members commonly known as the Lupon Tagapamayapa ( justice of the peace ). Their function
1020-469: Is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines . Named after the precolonial polities of the same name , modern barangays are political subdivisions of cities and municipalities which are analogous to villages , districts, neighborhoods, suburbs , or boroughs . The word barangay originated from balangay , a type of boat used by a group of Austronesian peoples when they migrated to
1088-469: Is to conciliate and mediate disputes at the barangay level to avoid legal action and relieve the courts of docket congestion. Barangay elections are non-partisan and are typically hotly contested. Barangay captains are elected by first-past-the-post plurality (no runoff voting ). Councilors are elected by plurality-at-large voting , with the entire barangay as a single at-large district. Each voter can vote for up to seven candidates for councilor, with
1156-419: The 2020 Philippine census , was 3,325,385 with a density of 670 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,700 inhabitants per square mile . When the independent cities – Cebu City (964,169 ), Lapu-Lapu (497,604 ), and Mandaue (364,116 ) – are included for geographical purposes, the total population is 5,151,274 people, with a population density of 964 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,498/sq mi). The population of
1224-581: The Anti-Japanese military operations in Cebu from April 1942 to September 1945 and helped Cebuano guerrillas and fought against the Japanese Imperial forces . Almost three years later in March 1945, combined Filipino and American forces landed and reoccupied the island during the liberation of the Philippines . Cebuano guerrilla groups led by an American, James M. Cushing , is credited for
1292-777: The Cagayan River were flourishing trading centers. Some of these barangays had large populations. In Panay, some barangays had 20,000 inhabitants; in Leyte (Baybay), 15,000 inhabitants; in Cebu, 3,500 residents; in Vitis (Pampanga), 7,000 inhabitants; and in Pangasinan, 4,000 residents. There were smaller barangays with fewer people, but these were generally inland communities, or if they were coastal, they were not located in areas that were good for business pursuits. These smaller barangays had around thirty to one hundred houses only, and
1360-422: The Camotes Islands . But the highly urbanized cities of Cebu , Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue are independent cities not under provincial supervision, yet are often grouped with the province for geographical and statistical purposes. The province's land area is 4,944 square kilometers (1,909 sq mi), or when the three independent cities (Cebu City, Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue) are included for geographical purposes,
1428-484: The Central Visayas is predominantly young with about 37 percent of its population below 10 years old. This is very evident in the very broad base of the population pyramid in the region which has prevailed since 1970 but at a declining rate. A decline of 2.29 percentage points in the proportion of household population below 15 years old was noted from 1980 to 1995. Conversely, an increase of 3.06 percentage points
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#17327722726651496-746: The Iglesia ni Cristo in the province has 3 subdivided district (Bogo City, Carcar City and Cebu City) chapels, dominating each cities and towns, while barrio chapels have 2-3% presence in the entire province. Cebu is the capital of the Catholic faith by virtue of being the first Christian city, the first capital of the Spanish East Indies , and the birthplace of Christianity and the Philippine Church. Pope John Paul II , in his Homily for Families in Cebu (February 19, 1981), called
1564-617: The People Power Revolution , though older people would still use the term barrio . The Municipal Council was abolished upon the transfer of powers to the barangay system. Marcos used to call the barangay part of Philippine participatory democracy, and most of his writings involving the New Society praised the role of baranganic democracy in nation-building. After the People Power Revolution and
1632-525: The Province of Cebu (Cebuano: Lalawigan sa Sugbo ; Filipino : Lalawigan ng Cebu ), is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas (Region VII) region , and consists of a main island and 167 surrounding islands and islets . The coastal zone of Cebu is identified as a site of highest marine biodiversity importance in the Coral Triangle . Its capital and largest city
1700-593: The 1700s, Cebu housed 625 Spanish Filipino families and 28,112 native families In 1898, the island was ceded to the United States after the Spanish–American War and Philippine–American War . In 1901, Cebu was governed by the United States for a brief period, however, it became a chartered city on February 24, 1937, and was governed independently by Filipino politicians. Cebu, being one of
1768-475: The Europeans. Legazpi dealt only with Tupas, after a brief "trial" on grounds of apostasy and Magellan's murder, the Europeans pardoned the natives' chief and included the natives. After the exchange, the two parties then discussed the terms and conditions including confirmation of titles, who receives tax exemptions, land grants, authority and recognition of officials. The crew then left Cebu on June 1, 1565. In
1836-618: The Marcos Martial Law Desaparecidos from Cebu was Redemptorist Priest Fr. Rudy Romano , a prominent Marcos critic and Executive Secretary of Cebu's Coalition against People's Persecution, who was accosted by armed men in Tisa, Labangon, Cebu City on June 11, 1985, and never seen again. Levi Ybañez , Romano's colleague in the Coalition against People's Persecution, was abducted on the same day as Fr. Romano, and
1904-623: The Philippines. All municipalities and cities in the Philippines are politically subdivided into barangays, with the exception of the municipalities of Adams in Ilocos Norte and Kalayaan in Palawan , each containing a single barangay. Barangays are sometimes informally subdivided into smaller areas called purok (English: " zone " ), or barangay zones consisting of a cluster of houses for organizational purposes, and sitios , which are territorial enclaves —usually rural —far from
1972-620: The Spanish regime. The Spanish monarch, who also collected taxes (called tribute) from the residents for the Spanish Crown, ruled each barangay through the cabeza . When the Americans arrived , "slight changes in the structure of local government was effected". Later, Rural Councils with four councilors were created to assist, now renamed Barrio Lieutenant; they were later renamed Barrio Council and then Barangay Council ( Sangguniang Barangay ). The Spanish term barrio (abbr. Bo.)
2040-599: The arrival of the Spaniards. It was founded by Sri Lumay otherwise known as Rajamuda Lumaya , a half-Malay, half-Tamil prince of the Chola dynasty who invaded Sumatra in Indonesia . He was sent by the Maharajah to establish a base for expeditionary forces to subdue the local kingdoms, but he rebelled and established his own independent Rajahnate instead. The capital of the nation was Singhapala (சிங்கப்பூர்) which
2108-440: The barangay center. As of July 2024 , there are 42,004 barangays throughout the country. When the first Spaniards arrived in the Philippines in the 16th century, they found well-organized, independent villages called barangays . The name barangay originated from balangay , a certain type of traditional boat in many languages in the Philippines. Early Spanish dictionaries of Philippine languages make it clear that balangay
Balangao people - Misplaced Pages Continue
2176-685: The barangay. The number of barangay tanods differs from one barangay to another; they help maintain law and order in the neighborhoods throughout the Philippines. Funding for the barangay comes from their share of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA), with a portion of the allotment set aside for the Sangguniang Kabataan. The exact amount of money is determined by a formula combining the barangay's population and land area. Cebu Cebu ( / s ɛ ˈ b uː / seb- OO ; Cebuano : Sugbo ), officially
2244-595: The brutal " comfort women " system. The 3rd , 8th , 82nd and 85th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army was re-established from January 3, 1942, to June 30, 1946, and the 8th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary was reestablished again from October 28, 1944, to June 30, 1946, at the military general headquarters and the military camps and garrisoned in Cebu city and Cebu province. They started
2312-484: The city of Bogo and in the towns of San Remigio , Medellin and Daanbantayan at the northern region of the province. The island's area is 4,468 square kilometres (1,725 sq mi), making it the 9th largest island in the Philippines. It supports over 5.2 million people, of which an estimated 2.9 million live in Metro Cebu . Beaches, coral atolls, islands, and rich fishing grounds surround Cebu. Coal
2380-519: The council are the barangay captain, seven barangay councilors, and the chairman of the Youth Council, or Sangguniang Kabataan (SK). Thus, there are eight members of the legislative council in a barangay. The council is in session for a new solution or a resolution of bill votes, and if the counsels and the SK are at a tie, the barangay captain uses their vote. This only happens when the SK, which
2448-606: The drafting of the 1987 Constitution , the Municipal Council was restored, making the barangay the smallest unit of Philippine government. The first barangay elections held under the new constitution were held on March 28, 1989, under Republic Act No. 6679. The last barangay elections were held in October 2023 . The next elections will be held in December 2025. The modern barangay is headed by elected officials,
2516-628: The establishment of the "Koga Papers", which is said to have changed the American plans to retake the Philippines from Japanese occupation in 1944, by helping the combined United States and the Philippine Commonwealth Army forces enter Cebu in 1945. The following year the island achieved independence from colonial rule in 1946. Cebu became a key center of resistance against the Marcos dictatorship , first becoming apparent when
2584-536: The expedition and sailed the fleet back to Spain, circumnavigating the world. Survivors of the Magellan expedition returned to Spain with tales of a savage island in the East Indies . Consequently, several Spanish expeditions were sent to the islands but all ended in failure. On April 27, 1565 Miguel López de Legazpi arrived on the island (some sources say on 1564 CE), though he also intended to make peace, he
2652-538: The flourishing trade in the area. On April 27 the Battle of Mactan occurred, where the Spaniards were defeated and Magellan was killed by the natives of Mactan in Mactan Island. According to Italian historian and chronicler Antonio Pigafetta , Magellan's body was never recovered despite efforts to trade for it with spice and jewels. Magellan's second-in-command, Juan Sebastián Elcano , took his place as captain of
2720-415: The following tree species. The province of Cebu has 3 highly urbanized cities (the capital city of Cebu , Lapu-Lapu , and Mandaue ) which are geographically grouped but governed independent from the province, 6 component cities ( Bogo , Carcar , Danao , Naga , Talisay , and Toledo ), and 44 municipalities for a total of 53 units as listed below: The population of Cebu province, according to
2788-608: The hastily put-together lineup of Pusyon Bisaya defeated the entire slate of Marcos' Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) in Region VII. Among the Cebuanos immediately arrested by the Marcos dictatorship when Martial law was announced on September 23, 1972, were columnist and future National Artist Resil Mojares and human rights lawyer and Carcar Vice Mayor Democrito Barcenas , who were both detained at Camp Sergio Osmeña. One of
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2856-480: The island as the birthplace of Christianity in the Philippines. At over 3,000,000 adherents, the province of Cebu has the highest number of Roman Catholics out of any province in the Philippines. The image of Santo Niño de Cebú (Holy Child of Cebu), the oldest Christian image in the Philippines, is enshrined and venerated at the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño. According to Philippine historical documents,
2924-454: The main center of commerce, trade, education and industry in the Visayas as well as the regional center of Central Visayas . Being one of the most developed provinces in the Philippines, in a decade it has transformed into a global hub for business processing services, tourism, shipping, furniture-making, and heavy industry . Mactan–Cebu International Airport , located on Mactan Island , is
2992-526: The most densely populated islands in the Philippines, served as a Japanese base during their occupation in World War II which began with the landing of Japanese soldiers in April 1942. A Japanese businessman established Cebu's first "comfort station" during the war, where Japanese soldiers routinely gang-raped, humiliated, and murdered kidnapped girls and teenagers who they forced into sexual slavery under
3060-461: The natives already armed themselves, both parties were reported to have taunted each other offshore. Legazpi aimed the artillery on the proas which briefly confused the opposing natives causing them to run into the woods thus making the shore clear for the Spanish to land. Salvaging any valuable item that could be found, Juan de Camuz came across an image of the Child Jesus, which was probably
3128-417: The northern part of Cebu, the urban areas in central Cebu are sometimes hit, such as when Typhoon Mike (Ruping), one of the worst to hit Cebu lashed the central Cebu area in 1990. 31 years later, Typhoon Rai struck the central and southern portions of the province. Cebu's temperatures can reach a high of 36 °C (97 °F) from March to May, and as low as 18 °C (64 °F) in the mountains during
3196-532: The one Magellan presented to the consort of the chief in 1521. From then on, a church was built on the site which would later become the Minor Basilica of the Holy Child . Twelve days later, on May 8, a fort was established and while the construction was ongoing, the natives frequently launched attacks but were always repulsed until eventually they give in as soon as they realized the superior armament of
3264-796: The opposition forces relaunched the Civil Disobedience Campaign against the Marcos regime and its cronies on February 22, 1986. After that, the Carmelite Monastery in Barangay Mabolo, Cebu City, served as a refuge for opposition candidates Corazon Aquino and Salvador Laurel during the first day of the People Power revolution, because it was not yet safe to go back to Manila. In 2007, the municipalities of Bogo , Carcar , and Naga became component cities. Their respective cityhood laws were ratified in
3332-478: The population varied from 100 to 500 persons. According to Miguel López de Legazpi , he founded communities with only 20 to 30 people. Traditionally, the original "barangays" were coastal settlements formed by the migration of these Malayo-Polynesian people (who came to the archipelago) from other places in Southeast Asia ( see chiefdom ). Most of the ancient barangays were coastal or riverine. This
3400-564: The province is also named Cebu City . The name is possibly derived from a hypothetical Proto-Philippine word *sug(e)bu meaning "to bathe" or "to wade into the water". The word has evolved in the Cebuano language as sugbú, meaning "to dive into water" and also exists in other Philippine languages such as Tagalog and Hiligaynon . In fact, there is also another municipality in Batangas, Philippines called Nasugbu , which may also share
3468-412: The province was devastated by Typhoon Haiyan a month later. In December 2021, Typhoon Rai wreaked havoc across the province, leading to a declaration of "calamity" by the government. Cebu is located to the east of Negros , to the west of Leyte and Bohol islands. The province consists of Cebu Island, as well as 167 smaller islands, which include Mactan , Bantayan , Malapascua , Olango and
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#17327722726653536-681: The residents in Bantayan islands also speak Bantayanon , a Visayan language related to Waray-Waray . Chinese Filipinos also speak Philippine Hokkien privately amongst fellow speakers in Cebu , while Mandarin ( Standard Chinese ) is also taught in Chinese class of Chinese Filipino schools . The majority of its population are Roman Catholic followed by roughly 95% of Cebuanos. There are also followers of Iglesia Filipina Independiente , Islam , Buddhism and Hinduism . The increasing members of
3604-434: The same etymological root with the said province. The modern name is most likely how the first Europeans heard of the name of the place in the 16th-17th centuries, as it was first recorded as Zubu or Çubu, and then eventually it became Cebu. The reason of the spelling change is because Visayans were mostly illiterate in the 16th and 17th centuries . The Rajahnate of Cebu was a native kingdom that existed in Cebu prior to
3672-478: The same year. However, their cityhood status were lost twice in the years 2008 and 2010 after the LCP questioned the validity of the cityhood laws. Their cityhood status were reaffirmed after the court finalized its ruling on February 15, 2011, declared their respective cityhood laws constitutional. In February 2012 Cebu island experienced the effects of magnitude 6.7 earthquake on the neighboring island of Negros and
3740-416: The second busiest airport in the Philippines. Cebu has the most combined cities and municipalities of any province in the Philippines, with 53 in total. With 9 cities in total, it has the second most number of cities after its neighboring province of Negros Occidental . It is unclear whether the island was named sugbó or the settlement where Ferdinand Magellan 's crew arrived in 1521. The capital city of
3808-633: The statue of the Santo Niño (Holy Child) was given to Queen Humamay (also referred to as Hara Amihan and Queen Juana), the wife of Rajah Humabon (also referred to as Rajah Carlos), the Rajah of Cebu by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. The Cebuanos' acceptance of Christianity is depicted in Cebu's cultural event, the Sinulog where street parades and loud drum beats preceded by a Christian Mass
3876-497: The topmost being the barangay captain . The barangay captain is aided by the Sangguniang Barangay (Barangay Council), whose members, called barangay kagawad ("councilors"), are also elected. The barangay is often governed from its seat of local government , the barangay hall . The council is considered a local government unit (LGU), similar to the provincial and municipal governments. The officials that make up
3944-407: The total area is 5,342 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi). Cebu's central location, proximity to an unusually exotic tourist destination, ready access to a diversity of plant, animal and geological wonders within the island, and remoteness from earthquake and typhoon activity are some of the special attributes of Cebu. Cebu Island is the 126th largest island in the world . Cebu Island itself
4012-472: The tribe is also called Balangao . It is confined to the tribe and other nearby tribes who have their own languages related to the Balangao dialect . 17°06′31″N 121°16′45″E / 17.10861°N 121.27917°E / 17.10861; 121.27917 Barangay The barangay ( / b ɑːr ɑː ŋ ˈ ɡ aɪ / ; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy. ), historically referred to as barrio ,
4080-495: The wet season. The average temperature is around 24 to 34 °C (75 to 93 °F), and does not fluctuate much except during the month of May, which is the hottest month. Cebu averages 70–80% humidity. Endemic species in Cebu include the Cebu Flowerpecker ( Dicaeum quadricolor ), Cebu Slender Skink ( Brachymeles cebuensis ), Uling Goby ( Sicyopus cebuensis ), and Black Shama ( Copsychus cebuensis ). There
4148-405: The winners being the seven candidates with the most votes. Typically, a ticket consists of one candidate for barangay captain and seven candidates for councilors. Elections for the post of punong barangay and the barangay kagawads are usually held every three years, starting in 2007. A barangay tanod , or barangay police officer, is an unarmed watchman who fulfills policing functions within
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#17327722726654216-429: Was also never heard from again. Ribomapil Holganza , a prominent leader of Cebu's opposition was also arrested together with his son on Christmas Day, December 25, 1983, on political charges. He was subsequently released and cleared of all charges. Later, Cebu would play a key role in the days leading up to the 1986 People Power revolution and the ouster of Marcos. It was from Fuente Osmeña circle in Cebu City that
4284-400: Was also prepared for a war since these were the same people that killed Magellan 44 years prior. According to the report, a messenger went to the Spanish ship and informed them that Tupas and "along with 10 other chiefs" would be out to either make negotiations or as a warning to prepare for an upcoming battle. Despite trying to assure the natives that the Spanish were there with good intentions,
4352-634: Was first discovered in Cebu about 1837. There were 15 localities over the whole island, on both coasts; some desultory mining had been carried out Naga near Mount Uling, but most serious operations were at Licos and Camansi west of Compostela and Danao. Active work ceased about 1895 with insurrections, and no production worked for more than ten years. A topographic and geologic survey of Compostela, Danao, and Carmen took place in 1906. The Compostela-Danao coalfield contained about six million workable tons. The tramroads, one from Danao to Camansi, one from Compostela to Mount Licos, were undertaken in 1895, together with
4420-406: Was observed in the 15–64 age group during the same period. The population of the region is evenly distributed between males and females. However, the male population in the region has been increasing at a faster rate compared to the female population. In 2010, the median age of the population of the province was 23.0 years, which means that half of the population was younger than 23.0 years. This
4488-421: Was pronounced "ba-la-ngay", while today the modern barangay is pronounced "ba-rang-gay". The term referred to the people serving under a particular chief rather than to the modern meaning of an area of land, for which other words were used. While barangay is a Tagalog word, it spread throughout the Philippines as Spanish rule concentrated power in Manila. All citations regarding pre-colonial barangays lead to
4556-454: Was the largest quake in the area for 90 years. The tremor shook buildings but there were no reports of major building damage or loss of life on Cebu Island itself. This tremor was caused by a previously unrecorded fault . In October 2013, Cebu and Bohol were hit by record-setting 7.2 magnitude earthquake which left 222 dead and collapsed some buildings, including 5 historical churches. There were over 700 aftershocks. The northern part of
4624-406: Was used for much of the 20th century. Manila mayor Ramon Bagatsing established the first Barangay Bureau in the Philippines, creating the blueprint for the barangay system as the basic socio-political unit for the city in the early 1970s. This was quickly replicated by the national government, and in 1974, President Ferdinand Marcos ordered the renaming of barrios to barangays. The name survived
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