174-812: 945 Madison Avenue , also known as the Breuer Building , is a museum building on the Upper East Side of Manhattan , New York City. The Marcel Breuer -designed structure was built to house the Whitney Museum of American Art ; it subsequently held a branch of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and from 2021 to March 2024 was the temporary quarters of the Frick Collection while the Henry Clay Frick House
348-454: A "park-like" space outside the store featuring free 24/7 Wi-Fi access and will host live concerts on some weekends. Designed by Jony Ive and Angela Ahrendts , the idea was to make Apple Stores into "town squares", in which people come naturally to the store as a gathering place, and to "help foster human experiences that draw people out of their digital bubbles". The new design will be adopted to every store Apple has, and while renovation
522-760: A "squared-off Guggenheim". Breuer designed the building in response to specific desires from the Whitney Museum – an "assertive, even 'controversial' presence that would announce the experimentation it sought within; a clear 'definition, even monumentality that was basic to [their] program'; but also a continued effort to be 'as human as possible,' to reflect the Whitney's tradition of warmth and intimacy" after years situated in Greenwich Village. The five-story building, as stated in 1964, counters gravity as well as uniformity, poor lighting, crowded space, and
696-553: A $ 12.95 million renovation ahead of the Met opening. This included a thorough cleaning, led by Beyer Blinder Belle . The architects also stripped decades of additions, decluttering the lobby of posters, postcard racks, and wires. Floors were re-waxed, and the lobby's lights were replaced with custom LED bulbs. The restoration was careful to preserve elements of natural aging; Breuer chose materials like wood and bronze that would change positively over time. The Metropolitan Museum of Art opened
870-647: A 1970 Honor Award from the AIA Journal . Architectural Forum , in 1966, stated that the building was "intended to be a landmark". It was first listed in 1981, as a contributing structure to the Upper East Side Historic District (as designated by New York City's Landmarks Preservation Commission ). Despite this, it was listed as a noncontributing structure in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) district of
1044-472: A 32-foot-long (9.8 m) matte black LED media wall, a television screen to indicate pricing, exhibitions, and other information. The Breuer Building's lower-level dining space has hosted numerous tenants. At its opening, the building had a cafeteria-style restaurant. By the 1980s, the space was called the Garden Restaurant, the same name used for the restaurant in the museum's prior space beside
1218-500: A Brutalist structure due to its top-heavy, massive, uninviting, and bunker-like shape, its primal form, as well as its use of exposed raw concrete . Notable statements supporting the building's Brutalist architecture come from Ada Louise Huxtable in 1966 and Phaidon 's Atlas of Brutalist Architecture , published in 2018. While the Metropolitan Museum of Art was a tenant of the building, the museum's curators discouraged
1392-492: A Genius Bar, where customers can receive technical advice or set up service and repair for their products. The Genius Bar provides hardware service on products that are not classified vintage or obsolete. However, in most cases the Geniuses will at least attempt to assist customers with older hardware. The Genius Bar at Apple Stores offers same-day service for both OLED / LCD screen and lithium-ion battery replacement . If
1566-497: A cantilevered facade in progressive steps overshadowing the Madison Avenue street front. Breuer stated that the cantilevered floors help receive visitors before they enter the museum building. The Madison Avenue entrance also features an areaway , or sunken stone courtyard. Above the areaway is a canopied concrete bridge into the building's lobby, likened to a portal and sculpture by Architectural Forum . The majority of
1740-521: A concerted campaign to help sales by improving the retail presentation of Macintosh computers. Even with new products launched under his watch, like the iMac and the PowerBook G3 and an online store, Apple still relied heavily on big-box computer and electronics stores for most of its sales. There, customers continued to deal with poorly trained and ill-maintained Mac sections that did not foster customer loyalty to Apple and did not help differentiate
1914-481: A cult", a lack of any significant bonus if a worker manages to secure a business contract worth "hundreds of thousands", a lack of promotion opportunities, and are paid so little that many workers are unable to buy products themselves even with a "generous" discount on any Apple product or Apple stock. According to an April 2022 press release, over 70 percent of the eligible employees in the Apple Store located in
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#17327868866692088-526: A dedicated store-within-a-store section, offering a distinctive Apple-style experience to showcase products. The relationship with Best Buy calls for the company to send Apple Solutions Consultants (ASCs) to train Best Buy employees to be familiar with Apple's product lineup. In an interview with Funke Mediengruppe in May 2021 Deirdre O'Brien commented, "Apple is sticking to its plan to open more stores around
2262-681: A design patent in 2002 for its glass staircase design. Historically, Apple has partnered with architectural firm Bohlin Cywinski Jackson in designing and creating its original retail stores, and has in recent years partnered with architectural firm Foster + Partners in designing its newer stores, as well as its corporate Apple Park campus. Apple has received numerous architectural awards for its store designs, and its "iconic" glass cube, designed in part by Peter Bohlin , at Apple's Fifth Avenue store in New York City , received
2436-511: A high school education and 14% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 64% of Manhattan residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher. The percentage of the Upper East Side students excelling in math rose from 61% in 2000 to 80% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 66% to 68% during the same time period. The Upper East Side's rate of elementary school student absenteeism
2610-461: A lack of identity (most of which were issues for the Whitney's prior spaces). The building utilizes "close-to-earth" materials that weather over time, intended to express age beautifully. Breuer chose coarse granite, split slate floors, bronze doors and fittings, and teakwood . The building's exterior lies in stark contrast with the streetscape of Madison Avenue. It uses reinforced concrete with variegated gray granite cladding . The structure includes
2784-638: A lack of significant bonuses for securing major business contracts. Many Apple Stores are located inside shopping malls, but Apple has several stand-alone flagship stores in high-profile locations, such as the one located in Grand Central Terminal in New York City. Several multi-level stores feature glass staircases, and some also glass bridges. The New York Times wrote in 2011 that these features were part of then-CEO Steve Jobs ' extensive attention to detail, and Apple received
2958-481: A low population of residents who are uninsured . In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 4%, less than the citywide rate of 12%, though this was based on a small sample size. The concentration of fine particulate matter , the deadliest type of air pollutant , in the Upper East Side is 0.0083 milligrams per cubic metre (8.3 × 10 oz/cu ft), more than the city average. Eight percent of Upper East Side residents are smokers , which
3132-400: A need for improved retail presentation of the company's products, he began an effort in 1997 to revamp the retail program to get an improved relationship with consumers and hired Ron Johnson in 2000. Jobs relaunched Apple's online store in 1997 and opened the first two physical stores in 2001. The media initially speculated that Apple would fail, but its stores were highly successful, bypassing
3306-742: A new building for the museum in Lower Manhattan. The Whitney operated at the Breuer Building until 2014, until it moved to the Renzo Piano-designed building in the Meatpacking District the following year. The Whitney's final exhibit in the Breuer Building was a Jeff Koons retrospective in 2014. It was the largest survey the Whitney made dedicated to a single artist, and was among the Whitney's highest-attended events. The Whitney still maintains ownership of
3480-408: A new building three times the size of its existing facility, aiming to match the prominence of other major city museums. Marcel Breuer was chosen to design the assertive and experimental building, which would become the museum's third and potentially first permanent home, significantly increasing its space and amenities. Breuer and Hamilton P. Smith served as primary architects, with Michael H. Irving as
3654-435: A new statement in support of the building, after Gray had taken her words out of context in his review. Breuer and the Whitney sought to build a controversial structure. Breuer's commission brief (contradicting itself) told him to create an assertive or even controversial structure that represents the Whitney's experimental art, and with a clear definition and monumentality, though aiming to be "as human as possible" and reflect
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#17327868866693828-418: A nine-story tower inset into the block, connected to the Breuer Building with glass bridges. His proposal would leave the Breuer Building and surrounding brownstones mostly untouched. Preservationists worked to save two brownstones that would be demolished; that paired with skyrocketing construction costs largely doomed the project. The Whitney abandoned Piano's proposal in 2005, deciding instead for him to design
4002-746: A plurality (37%) are between the ages of 25–44, while 24% are between 45 and 64, and 20% are 65 or older. The ratio of youth and college-aged residents was lower, at 14% and 5% respectively. As of 2017, the median household income in Community District 8 was $ 123,894, though the median income in the Upper East Side individually was $ 131,492. In 2018, an estimated 7% of Community District 8 residents lived in poverty , compared to 14% in all of Manhattan and 20% in all of New York City. One in twenty-five residents (4%) were unemployed, compared to 7% in Manhattan and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or
4176-652: A priority of incoming Met director Max Hollein , as it had an expensive lease, low attendance, and mixed reviews. The museum building reopened in March 2021 as the Frick Madison, a temporary gallery of the Frick Collection . Since 1935, the Frick had been situated at Henry Clay Frick House , five blocks south of the Breuer Building. However, due to a planned renovation, the museum was set to temporarily operate at 945 Madison for approximately two years. The Frick Collection
4350-456: A private mansion on upper Fifth Avenue was 907 Fifth Avenue (1916), at 72nd Street, the neighborhood's grand carriage entrance to Central Park. Most members of New York's upper-class families have made residences on the Upper East Side, including the oil-rich Rockefellers , political Roosevelts , political dynastic Kennedys , thoroughbred racing moneyed Whitneys , and tobacco and electric power fortuned Dukes . Construction of
4524-559: A proposed cost of $ 500 million ($ 100 million less than was announced for the project in 2014). The decision would offload three years of rent from its eight-year lease, remove $ 18 million in annual operation costs, and allow the Frick to open in 2020 in the building with a $ 45 million sublease (an undisclosed portion of the Met's lease from the Whitney Museum). Robin Pogrebin , writing for The New York Times , stated that critics of
4698-446: A real Apple Store." The fake Apple Store was mentioned by U.S. presidential contender Mitt Romney in the second 2012 election debate . Chinese law prohibits retailers from copying the look and feel of competitors' stores, but enforcement is lax. According to The Wall Street Journal , unauthorized Apple resellers are found throughout China; the blogger's original post noted that two such stores were located within walking distance of
4872-430: A second authorized reseller. Challenges still remained, as resellers' profit margins on selling Macs was only around 9%, and selling Macs was only worthwhile if ongoing service and support contracts were provided, of which retailer experiences were inconsistent. In 1997, the year Steve Jobs returned to Apple, Dell founder and CEO Michael Dell was asked how he would fix Apple. Dell responded: "I'd shut it down and give
5046-562: A separate design patent in 2014. Ron Johnson held the position of Senior Vice President of Retail Operations from 2001 until November 1, 2011. During his tenure, it was reported that while Johnson was responsible for site selection, in-store service, and store layout, inventory was controlled by then- COO and now-CEO Tim Cook , who has a background in supply chain management . In January 2012, Apple transferred retail leadership to John Browett . However, after attempts to cut costs, including reducing new hires and limiting staff hours, he
5220-684: A series of mock-ups for the Apple Store inside a warehouse near the company's Cupertino headquarters. On May 15, 2001, Jobs hosted a press event at Apple's first store, located at the Tysons Corner Center mall in Tysons, Virginia , near Washington, D.C. The store officially opened on May 19, along with another store in Glendale Galleria in Glendale, California . More than 7,700 people visited Apple's first two stores in
5394-404: A site at Madison Avenue and 75th Street on the Upper East Side for the new museum building. The site was formerly occupied by six 1880s rowhouses like those that surround it; they were owned by developer and art collector Ian Woodner , who demolished them before the museum purchased the property. He had considered the site for an apartment tower but the project did not make it to fruition, prompting
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5568-466: A store before", adding that "It's not important if the customer knows that. They just feel it. They feel something's a little different." In 2011, Apple Stores in the United States had an average revenue of $ 473,000 for each employee. According to research firm RetailSails, the Apple Store chain ranked first among U.S. retailers in terms of sales per unit area in 2011, almost doubling Tiffany ,
5742-472: A store" approach still had shortcomings; acting as a mystery shopper , Macworld writer David Pogue observed that all but one of the locations he visited had employees who actively steered him towards Windows PCs and attacked Macs (such as claiming they did not have software available); the company's PR director Suzanne Shelton stated that finding "specialized" talent was difficult. Despite this, CompUSA sales of Macs had increased. Apple then added Best Buy as
5916-526: A suspended coffered grid inside. Breuer's work for the Whitney also influenced Atlanta Public Library director Carlton C. Rochell, who nominated Breuer to design a new central library; Breuer and his partner Hamilton Smith won the commission, paired with the Atlanta firm Stevens & Wilkinson. The Atlanta Central Library , completed in 1980, is seen as a "confident progression" of the Whitney design. The Breuer Building also influenced Renzo Piano's design of
6090-456: A total of eight proposals; only one modest design was actually built. The expansions were prompted by growing crowds in recent years. The building was believed to function well with 1,000 visitors per day, though would reach three to five thousand on busier days. The Whitney thus acquired five brownstone buildings south to 74th Street, and had Breuer design knockout panels in the outer walls at each floor, with plans for eventual expansion. In 1978,
6264-413: A trustee of the Whitney since 1963. In a member preview event the night before, the museum was given four warnings by telephone of a bomb in the building. During a member preview event the night prior, the museum received four phone warnings of a bomb in the building. However, a thorough police search found no evidence of any explosives. The preview was also attended by Kennedy, along with the Whitney family,
6438-423: A year, or £2,000 per square foot. Many other electronics retailers from around the world such as Huawei, Samsung, Xiaomi started to follow the designing trend of Apple Store. In May 2016, Apple significantly redesigned its Union Square Apple Store in downtown San Francisco , adding large glass doors for the entry, open spaces with touch-sensitive tables and shelves for product displays, and rebranded rooms for
6612-554: Is a chain of retail stores owned and operated by Apple Inc. The stores sell, service and repair various Apple products, including Mac desktop and MacBook laptop personal computers, iPhone smartphones, iPad tablet computers, Apple Watch smartwatches, Apple TV digital media players, software , and both Apple-branded and selected third-party accessories. The first Apple Stores were originally opened as two locations in May 2001 by then- CEO Steve Jobs , after years of attempting but failing store-within-a-store concepts. Seeing
6786-466: Is considered to be within the Lenox Hill neighborhood within the Upper East Side , one block east of Central Park . The original building's site measures 103 + 2 ⁄ 3 by 125 feet (31.6 by 38.1 m), occupying almost 13,000 square feet (1,200 m). The site was formerly occupied by six 1880s rowhouses like those that surround it; they had been demolished before the museum purchased
6960-530: Is considered, then the neighborhood has an additional ZIP Code of 10029, along Fifth Avenue between 96th and 105th Streets. The United States Postal Service operates four post offices in the Upper East Side: The Upper East Side generally has a higher rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018 . A majority of residents age 25 and older (83%) have a college education or higher, while 3% have less than
7134-560: Is higher than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 89% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", more than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket in the Upper East Side, there are 5 bodegas . Lenox Hill Hospital , NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , and Weill Cornell Medical Center are located on the Upper East Side. In addition, Mount Sinai Hospital and Metropolitan Hospital Center are located nearby in East Harlem . The Upper East Side
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7308-727: Is in the New York State Senate 's 27th , 28th , and 29th districts, the New York State Assembly 's 73rd and 76th districts, and the New York City Council 's 4th and 5th districts. The Upper East Side is one of few areas of Manhattan where Republicans constitute more than 20% of the electorate . In the southwestern part of the neighborhood, Republican voters equal Democratic voters (the only such area in Manhattan), whereas in
7482-410: Is less than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In the Upper East Side, 11% of residents are obese , 4% are diabetic , and 15% have high blood pressure —compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. In addition, 6% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%. Ninety-four percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which
7656-548: Is located in five primary ZIP Codes . From south to north, they are 10065 (south of 69th Street), 10021 (between 69th and 76th Streets), 10075 (between 76th and 80th Streets), 10028 (between 80th and 86th Streets), and 10128 (north of 86th Street). In addition, 500 East 77th Street in Yorkville has its own ZIP Code, 10162. If the AIA Guide's broader definition of the neighborhood (extending up to Fifth Avenue and 106th Streets)
7830-537: Is lower than the rest of New York City. In the Upper East Side, 8% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year , less than the citywide average of 20%. Additionally, 91% of high school students in the Upper East Side graduate on time, more than the citywide average of 75%. The New York City Department of Education operates public schools in the city. Public lower and middle schools Public high schools Other schools Coeducational schools Apple Store The Apple Store
8004-402: Is often described as part of the narrower Brutalist style. The structure has exterior faces of variegated granite and exposed concrete and makes use of stark angular shapes, including cantilevered floors progressively extending atop its entryway, resembling an inverted ziggurat . The design was controversial, though lauded by notable architecture critics at its opening and the building defined
8178-516: Is rich in materials – granite, wood, bronze, and leather, though muted in color. Concrete walls in the lobby are bush-hammered , and framed by smooth boardformed edges, noted by the Met's contemporary art chair as a delightful attention to detail. The lobby, renovated extensively in preparation for the Met Breuer's opening, had an unoriginal gift shop structure removed, and its walls and sculptural ceiling lights were repaired. The room now features
8352-427: Is served by multiple New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations: As of 2018 , preterm births and births to teenage mothers in the Upper East Side are lower than the city average. In the Upper East Side, there were 73 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 3.4 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). The Upper East Side has
8526-647: Is sticking to its plan to open more stores around the globe in the future, as reported by Bloomberg . Due to the popularity of the brand, applicants for jobs at Apple Stores are numerous, with many young workers applying. The pace of work is high due to the popularity of the iPhone and iPad . Employees typically work for only a few years as career prospects are limited with no path of advancement other than limited retail management slots. Apple Store employees make above-average pay for retail employees and are offered benefits including 401(k) plans, product discounts, and reduced price on stock . The retention rate for
8700-499: Is that with our new products and our new store and our new build-to-order manufacturing, we're coming after you, buddy." In August 2015, Apple revamped the online storefront, removing the dedicated "Store" tab and making the entire website a retail experience. Later, in August 2021, a redesigned store section of the website returned, with products still being able to be purchased directly through their respective pages. Jobs believed
8874-544: Is the second reported occurrence of non-Modern works exhibited in the Modernist Breuer building, after the Met Breuer's inaugural exhibit. Here the Frick Collection will maintain visitorship, membership, and its public attention, rather than if it shuttered for two or more years. Most of the 1,500-piece collection of artwork is being placed in storage in the Breuer Building, and about 300 are on display on
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#17327868866699048-463: Is undergoing, stores are either relocated or temporarily closed. In April 2017, Apple announced that its "Today at Apple" educational sessions, which launched with its Union Square redesign in 2016 and offer more than 60 free hands-on sessions for creative skills, will also be expanded to all of its stores. Starting May 2018, a Video Wall was added to stores around the world, and upgrade some stores like Apple Palo Alto . All Apple Stores feature
9222-505: The Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden .< The restaurant hired a new manager and offered an English tea service, mushroom omelets, spicy pasta, and a layered "Whitney Cake". In the 1990s, the Whitney was among numerous Manhattan museums to elevate their restaurants; the Whitney contracted Sarabeth's, a New York City brunch chain of cafés with a nostalgic homeyness, noted as contrasting with
9396-524: The NYPD , located at 153 East 67th Street. The 19th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 82.2% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported 2 murders, 12 rapes, 229 robberies, 173 felony assaults, 278 burglaries, 1,724 grand larcenies, and 192 grand larcenies auto in 2022. As of 2018 , Manhattan Community District 8 has a non-fatal assault hospitalization rate of 15 per 100,000 people, compared to
9570-765: The New York City Police Department . Neighborhood boundaries in New York City are not officially set, but according to the Encyclopedia of New York City , the Upper East Side is bounded by 59th Street in the south, 96th Street on the north, Fifth Avenue to the west, and the East River to the east. The AIA Guide to New York City extends the northern boundary to 106th Street near Fifth Avenue. The area's north-south avenues are Fifth , Madison , Park , Lexington , Third , Second , First , York , and East End Avenues , with
9744-616: The Third Avenue El , opened from 1878 in sections, followed by the Second Avenue El , opened in 1879, linked the Upper East Side's middle class and skilled artisans closely to the heart of the city, and confirmed the modest nature of the area to their east. The unbuilt "Hamilton Square", which had appeared as one of the few genteel interruptions of the grid plan on city maps since the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 ,
9918-580: The "Apple retail experience hurts Best Buy" and noted, "Buy a MacBook at the Apple Store and it's hard to go back to the Best Buy Windows laptop buying experience". The publication also wrote that "Apple salespeople are generally more knowledgeable, the products themselves are generally higher quality, and the stores are more appealing, aesthetically and practically." In October 2009, reports surfaced that Steve Jobs and his retail team would help "drastically overhaul" Disney Stores . His involvement
10092-582: The 1880s the neighborhood of Yorkville became a suburb of middle class Germans. Gracie Mansion , the last remaining suburban villa overlooking the East River at Carl Schurz Park , became the home of New York's mayor in 1942. The East River Drive , designed by Robert Moses , was extended south from the first section, from 125th Street to 92nd Street, which was completed in 1934 as a boulevard, an arterial highway running at street level; reconstruction designs from 1948 to 1966 converted FDR Drive , as it
10266-617: The Apple retail program needed to fundamentally change the relationship to the customer, and provide more control over the presentation of Apple products and the Apple brand message. Jobs recognized the limitations of third-party retailing and began investigating options to change the model. In 1999, Jobs personally recruited Millard Drexler , former CEO of Gap Inc. , to serve on Apple's board of directors. In 2000, Jobs hired Ron Johnson from Target . The retail and development teams headed by Allen Moyer from The Walt Disney Company then began
10440-622: The Asian population by 38% (5,145), the increase in the Hispanic/Latino population by 19% (2,537), and the decrease in the White population by 3% (5,644). The small Black population increased by 3% (191), while the even smaller population of all other races increased by 15% (628). Taking into account the three census tabulation areas, the decrease of the White population was concentrated Yorkville and Upper East Side-Carnegie Hill especially, while
10614-527: The B/1, inspired by the windows found on the Breuer building and the founders' admiration for brutalist architecture. Upper East Side The Upper East Side , sometimes abbreviated UES , is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City , bounded approximately by 96th Street to the north, the East River to the east, 59th Street to the south, and Central Park and Fifth Avenue to
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#173278688666910788-511: The Breuer Building. The museum kept the proposal relatively confidential and ultimately abandoned it in 2003, prior to any review processes, citing economic concerns and poor timing (the economics and public willpower of New York City and the country had changed dramatically following the September 11 attacks late in 2001). The project's abandonment was once of the major issues prompting the Whitney's director Maxwell L. Anderson to resign, which
10962-580: The COVID-19 pandemic, and it was announced in February 2021 that the restaurant would not reopen when the Frick gallery opened in March. A café with light dishes and snacks, operated by Joe Coffee, operated in the space during the beginning of the Frick's tenancy. In November 2022, the café lease was transferred to the company the SisterYard. In 1929, philanthropist Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney founded
11136-541: The Cumberland Mall in Atlanta, Georgia , have signified interest in unionizing . The employees asked for a $ 28 per hour wage, better benefits, and profit-sharing. If successful, the effort would make the store the first unionized Apple retail store in the United States. Steve Jobs , co-founder of Apple, returned to the company as interim CEO in 1997. According to his biographer Walter Isaacson , Jobs began
11310-408: The Frick Madison's lease, the building's future after 2023 was uncertain. There were no announced tenants beyond the Frick Collection, and the Whitney Museum reportedly could not sell the building for the foreseeable future. The 20-year restriction was set in 2008 as part of a $ 131 million gift from Leonard Lauder , former board chairman emeritus, the largest donation in the museum's history. The museum
11484-564: The Mac user experience from Windows. In fact, the retailer trend was towards selling their own generic in-house brand PCs which used even cheaper components than those by major PC makers, increasing retailer overall margins by keeping the manufacturing profits. This "provided a powerful profit motive to convert customers interested in buying a Mac into the owners of a new, cheaply assembled, house brand PC". Tim Cook , who joined Apple in 1998 as Senior Vice President for Worldwide Operations, announced
11658-533: The Madison Avenue facade and for appearing empty save for its sculptural windows. In 2010, the Times ' architecture critic Christopher Gray called it "ornery and menacing", perhaps "New York's most bellicose work of architecture". In a reply, architectural historian Victoria Newhouse called the museum one of the most successfully designed in the world; she had traveled to hundreds in order to write two books about museum architecture. She prompted Huxtable to give
11832-534: The Met Breuer at 945 Madison Avenue in 2016, naming the branch after its architect. The museum housed its contemporary art in the building for the next four years. In a surprise announcement in September 2018, the Met announced its plan to close the Met Breuer and hand over the building to the Frick Collection. The Met's director stated that the museum's future was in its main building, and simultaneously announced it will renovate its modern and contemporary galleries at
12006-508: The Met Breuer would undoubtedly view the news of the Met Breuer closing as confirmation that the branch was a bad idea. The museum was originally set to close in July 2020, after its last exhibition, though it closed temporarily during the COVID-19 pandemic in March of that year. That June, the Met decided to close its space there permanently, despite the short-lived exhibition. The closure was
12180-410: The Met Breuer's opening in 2016. 945 Madison Avenue was designed for the Whitney Museum of American Art by Marcel Breuer & Associates – primarily Breuer himself and his partner Hamilton P. Smith. Michael H. Irving was the consulting architect, and Paul Weidlinger was the structural engineer. The work was the most major in New York City for Breuer, and one of the most important of his career. It
12354-617: The Old Post Road ( Third Avenue ) to the river and the farmland inherited by James Lenox , who divided it into blocks of houselots in the 1870s, built his Lenox Library on a Fifth Avenue lot at the farm's south-west corner, and donated a full square block for the Presbyterian Hospital , between 70th and 71st Streets, and Madison and Park Avenues. At that time, along the Boston Post Road taverns stood at
12528-639: The Sutton Terrace development on Sutton Place . The demolition of the els had an adverse effect on transportation, because the IRT Lexington Avenue Line was now the only subway line in the area. The construction of the Second Avenue Subway was originally proposed in 1919. Finally, on January 1, 2017, the first phase of the line was completed with three new stations opened. This brought in new local business to
12702-535: The Upper East Side are located just south of the neighborhood's northern limit at 96th Street, the Holmes Towers and Isaacs Houses . It borders East Harlem , which has the highest concentration of public housing in the United States. Politically, the Upper East Side is in New York's 12th congressional district , which has a Cook PVI of D+34 and is currently represented by Democrat Jerry Nadler . It
12876-473: The Whitney Museum prompted an invitation to design for the Cleveland Museum of Art . Breuer was the only person invited to submit a design for its north wing, as he showed an understanding for museum needs and understanding for materials with the Whitney project. Breuer's wing opened in 1971, designed with similarities to the Whitney Museum, including a cantilevered concrete entrance canopy outside and
13050-445: The Whitney Museum to champion American modern art. Prior to this, she had offered 500 artworks from her collection to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, only to have her proposal declined. Consequently, Whitney resolved to establish her own museum, initially showcasing around 700 works of American art. The museum initially opened its doors to the public in 1931 at 8 West 8th Street . However, this location quickly proved inadequate. In 1954,
13224-434: The Whitney Museum's image for nearly 50 years, influencing subsequent projects such as the Cleveland Museum of Art 's north wing and Atlanta's Central Library . Breuer's design also impacted the new Whitney Museum in Lower Manhattan by Renzo Piano , with both buildings featuring cantilevering floor plates and oversized elevators. Ideas for the building began in the 1960s, when the Whitney Museum expanded its board and sought
13398-435: The Whitney to other major museums in the city. The Guggenheim had constructed a new museum in 1959 and MoMA expanded in 1951 and 1964. In the early 1960s, Marcel Breuer and Louis Kahn presented ideas for a new museum building; the two had "captured the committee's imagination" best and thus had been narrowed down from a list of five "radical" architects, none of whom had designed major public buildings in New York City. In 1961,
13572-495: The Whitney's trustees considered a 35-story tower expansion to the building's south, amid plans for MoMA's museum-condominium "Museum Tower". The plan would let Italian developers create a luxury mixed-use tower with Whitney galleries on its lower floors. The proposed high-tech design was created by the British Norman Foster Associates and Derek Walker Associates . The project was cancelled when it
13746-453: The architects, and museum board members and staff. The inaugural Whitney Biennial exhibition took place in 1973 at the Breuer Building, featuring works by 221 artists. The 1993 edition of the show also took place in the same building. Curated by Elisabeth Sussman , this event showcased art that addressed race, gender, sexuality, AIDS, and socioeconomic issues. Reviews were initially antagonistic, though it eventually became recognized as among
13920-429: The area and had positive impact on real estate prices in the Upper East Side. For census purposes, the New York City government classifies the Upper East Side as part of three neighborhood tabulation areas: Upper East Side- Carnegie Hill , Yorkville , and Lenox Hill - Roosevelt Island , divided by Third Avenue and 77th Street. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census , the combined population of these areas
14094-442: The beginning of the 20th century; and apartment buildings erected later on. The city district was slightly expanded in 2010 with 74 additional buildings. The Metropolitan Museum Historic District was designated a city district in 1977. It consists of properties on Fifth Avenue between 79th and 86th Streets, outside the Metropolitan Museum of Art , as well as properties on several side streets. The Park Avenue Historic District
14268-467: The board chose Breuer for the project. The new building would be assertive and experimental, a recognizable icon defying the near-anonymous site the Whitney had left, in the shadow of the MoMA. Breuer's building was the museum's third home, and sometimes considered its first permanent location. The facility tripled the Whitney's space while adding a library and restaurant. In early 1963, the Whitney identified
14442-463: The boroughwide average of 632 crimes per 100,000 and the citywide average of 572 crimes per 100,000. In 2019, the highest concentration of felony assaults in the Upper East Side was near the intersection of 93rd Street and First Avenue , where there were 10 felony assaults. The highest concentration of robberies, on the other hand, was near the intersection of 86th Street and Lexington Avenue , where there were 19 robberies. The Upper East Side
14616-424: The boroughwide rate of 49 per 100,000 and the citywide rate of 59 per 100,000. Its incarceration rate is 71 per 100,000 people, the lowest in the city, compared to the boroughwide rate of 407 per 100,000 and the citywide rate of 425 per 100,000. Of the five major violent felonies (murder, rape, felony assault, robbery, and burglary), the 19th Precinct had a rate of 264 crimes per 100,000 residents in 2019, compared to
14790-453: The building became the Frick Madison, the temporary home of the Frick Collection while the Henry Clay Frick House underwent renovation. In 2023, auction house Sotheby's purchased the building and announced plans to turn the building into its global headquarters, including an auction room and gallery and exhibition space. The museum building occupies the southeast corner of the intersection of Madison Avenue and 75th Street. The property
14964-431: The building is faced with dark gray granite, with white veining resembling curling smoke. There are 1,500 slabs of stone, each weighing 500–600 lbs. The west side of the lower level and ground floor is almost fully faced in glass. Besides this, the building is predominantly windowless. The majority of the upper floor windows are simply decorative, and meant to prevent claustrophobia. These trapezoidal windows jut out from
15138-466: The building's south and east sides, are massive projecting walls of unadorned and rough reinforced concrete, separated and distinct from the more elegant rest of the exterior. The north and west walls originally formed a parapet on the fifth floor, hiding the building's windowed office space from street view while bringing light into the space. The building originally had 76,830 sq ft (7,138 m) of interior space. Only about 30,000 square feet
15312-420: The building, so its donor plaques remain, as does Dwellings , a miniature work of art by Charles Simonds , located in the building's stairwell as well as the rooftop and windowsill of neighboring 940 Madison Avenue. The portion inside the Breuer Building was commissioned for the Whitney, and is the most accessible component of the artwork. The piece will remain in its current location during Sotheby's ownership of
15486-471: The building. During these decades, the surrounding area evolved from an elegant residential neighborhood to an upscale commercial hub. In 2016, the museum building was leased to the Metropolitan Museum of Art and became the Met Breuer ; the new museum contributed to the neighborhood's transformation. The Met branch closed in 2020 amid low attendance, high expenses, and mixed reviews. From 2021 to March 2024,
15660-592: The company would "cut some channel partners that may not be providing the buying experience [Apple expects]. We're not happy with everybody." Jobs severed Apple's ties with every big box retailer, including Sears, Montgomery Ward, Best Buy, Circuit City, Computer City, and Office Max to focus its retail efforts with CompUSA —which reached an agreement to establish dedicated departments for Apple hardware, staffed by trained employees and representatives. Apple also worked with local user groups to promote launch events for new hardware and Mac OS releases. Between 1997 and 2000,
15834-581: The company's brand equity, with Scott Galloway, Professor of Marketing at New York University Stern School of Business , stating that the Stores are the "temple to the brand which is this unbelievable experience called an Apple Store, and then you have this very mediocre experience called an AT&T or Verizon connect your phone experience for Samsung and the other Android players ". Apple has since re-established ties with major big box retailers like Best Buy and Staples . Authorized Apple resellers have
16008-427: The consulting architect and Paul Weidlinger as the structural engineer. 945 Madison Avenue was among Breuer's most important works, and his most major in New York City. It also was his first museum commission, first commission in Manhattan, and is his sole remaining work in Manhattan. The museum building was built from 1964 to 1966 as the third home for the Whitney. The Whitney moved out in 2014, after nearly 50 years in
16182-426: The exterior walls, and visually appear to have been placed at random. The windows are set at angles from 20 to 25 degrees, pointed away from the path of the sun to avoid direct light from entering the building. The Madison Avenue facade only has a single window of this design, an oversized cyclopean pane. The north and south walls are load-bearing ; the walls are all made of reinforced concrete. The party walls , on
16356-474: The fifth floor. It later added the restaurant Flora Bar (known before opening as Estela Breuer) in its lower level and sunken sculpture court. It was operated by restaurateurs Ignacio Mattos and Thomas Carter, and was critically acclaimed (with two stars from The New York Times ), though it was hindered by reports of a toxic work environment. The space was renovated at the Met Breuer's opening at an estimated cost of $ 2 million. The restaurant and museum closed during
16530-481: The first knockoff, one of them with a misspelled sign reading "Apple Stoer". An employee of the first knockoff confirmed that the store was not one of the 13 authorized Apple resellers in Kunming. In a follow-up report, Reuters indicated that local authorities in Kunming had closed two fake Apple Stores in that city due to lack of official business permits, but allowed three other such stores to stay open, including
16704-413: The glass exterior, wood display tables, winding staircase and large promotional posters found in legitimate Apple Stores, and with employees wearing lanyards and the same T-shirts as actual Apple Store employees. The Wall Street Journal reported that the store had "gotten widespread international attention for the remarkable lengths to which its proprietors seem to have gone to mimic the look and feel of
16878-446: The globe in the future." Apple Stores have considerably changed the landscape for consumer electronics retailers and influenced other technological companies to follow suit. According to The Globe and Mail , "Apple’s retail stores have taken traffic, control and profits away from Verizon as well as electronics retailers, such as Best Buy , that once looked at wireless phones as a lucrative profit source". CNET has reported that
17052-468: The ground floor, as if watching calmly for life and fashion to flow northward to her solitary door... She was sure that presently the quarries, the wooden greenhouses in ragged gardens, the rocks from which goats surveyed the scene, would vanish before the advance of residences as stately as her own. Before the Park Avenue Tunnel was covered (finished in 1910), fashionable New Yorkers shunned
17226-560: The in-house technician needs to send the affected device to an Apple Repair Center, most repaired or replaced iPhones will be returned or ready for pickup in approximately 3 business days. In May 2017, Apple launched a new program called Today at Apple. Customers can come in and receive free training from a Creative in more than 60 different sessions. Topics include basic device knowledge, Apple's professional film, and music editing software, coding for kids, and tools for using Apple products in classroom-based learning. The largest Genius Bar in
17400-442: The increases of the other racial groups were evenly split across the three areas. The entirety of Manhattan Community District 8 , which comprises the Upper East Side and Roosevelt Island, had 225,914 inhabitants as of NYC Health 's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 85.9 years. This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are adults:
17574-553: The interiors. The new fifth floor gallery was funded by then-chairman Leonard Lauder , and was named for him and his wife. In 2001, the Whitney held a closed competition to further increase space; this time with a more visible addition to the building. Gluckman Mayner submitted a new proposal, along with the firms of Peter Eisenman , Steven Holl , Machado & Silvetti , Jean Nouvel , Norman Foster , and Rem Koolhaas . The Whitney selected Koolhaas and his firm OMA . The proposed building would be enormous, cantilevering above and over
17748-690: The land's sale to the Whitney. The Whitney selected the location as it was relatively equidistant from the Guggenheim Museum, the Met Fifth Avenue , MoMA, and the Jewish Museum , in a neighborhood increasingly populated with private art galleries. The decision to acquire the lot was publicly announced in June 1963, while Breuer's plans were publicly announced that December. The building was designed in 1963. The HRH Construction Corp.
17922-417: The latter running only from East 79th Street to East 90th Street . The major east-west streets are 59th Street, 72nd Street , 79th Street, 86th Street , and 96th Street. Some real-estate agents use the term "Upper East Side", instead of " East Harlem ", to describe areas that are slightly north of 96th Street and near Fifth Avenue, in order to avoid associating these areas with the negative connotations of
18096-519: The latter, a neighborhood which is generally perceived as less prestigious. The Upper East Side Historic District was designated as a city district in 1981 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. The city district runs from 59th to 78th Streets along Fifth Avenue, and up to Third Avenue at some points. It is composed of residential structures built after the American Civil War ; mansions and townhouses built at
18270-463: The mile-markers, Five-Mile House at 72nd Street and Six-Mile House at 97th, a New Yorker recalled in 1893. The fashionable future of the narrow strip between Central Park and the railroad cut was established at the outset by the nature of its entrance, in the southwest corner, north of the Vanderbilt family 's favored stretch of Fifth Avenue from 50th to 59th Streets. A row of handsome townhouses
18444-430: The modern Apple Store chain, the store was, at the time, the only place in the world where Apple merchandise could be purchased, including T-shirts, mugs, and pens. In June 2015, the store was closed for renovations, and in September it was reopened, offering a new design resembling other Apple Store locations and, for the first time, selling iPhones . The Infinite Loop location closed on January 20, 2024. As part of
18618-423: The modern stark museum building. The Whitney chose Sarabeth's for its offerings of American food matching the museum's American theme, and for the chain's already substantial following. It opened in mid-July 1991. The space in the museum building had wooden tables and comfortable blond wood armchairs with lively fabric upholstery situated on slate floors with stone-and-granite walls. The 80-seat dining room's west wall
18792-471: The money back to the shareholders". This angered Jobs, due to Dell's success with its online store originally built by NeXT , his former business that Apple acquired to bring Jobs back. A team of Apple and NeXT employees spent several months building an online store that would be better than Dell's. On November 10, 1997, Steve Jobs announced the online store at an Apple press event, and during his keynote speech, he said: "I guess what we want to tell you, Michael,
18966-438: The most notable and influential exhibitions in the museum's history. The institution grappled with space constraints for decades, prompting several satellite museums and exhibition spaces in the 1970s and 1980s. The Whitney considered a significant number of expansion proposals for the Breuer Building, an unusual proportion versus what was actually built. Five different architects (including three Pritzker Prize winners) provided
19140-569: The museum relocated to an annex of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) at 22 West 54th Street, but this space also failed to meet the museum's rapidly growing needs. The Whitney began looking for sites for a new museum building in 1958, which would be three times as large as the existing facility. During the 1960s, the Whitney Museum expanded its board of trustees beyond the Whitney family and their close advisors, welcoming new members such as first lady Jacqueline Kennedy . The new members desired matching
19314-445: The museum via Breuer's knockout panels. A new two-story library was built within a rear yard space. The Breuer Building's fifth floor terraces were enclosed, and the floor was converted into gallery space. The building was also extensively cleaned and given new HVAC systems. The work was made to look invisible – the new galleries appeared original, and the new administrative spaces preserved the historic brownstones' exteriors and much of
19488-507: The museum's app to learn about the artworks in lieu of visible signage. There are no barriers and few display cases, allowing guests to see works unimpaired. Taller works are set low to the ground, giving an illusion of entering the scenes depicted. In April 2023, the Frick announced the Frick Madison would close the next year in preparation for the reopening of the Frick Mansion; the Frick Madison closed on March 3, 2024. During much of
19662-482: The museum's custom for "warmth and intimacy". Critics supported the controversial design; Peter Blake stated that "Any museum of art that does not, somehow, shake up the neighbor-hood is at least a partial failure. Whatever else Breuer's museum may do to its neighbors, it will never bore them." The museum's design won Marcel Breuer the 1968 Albert S. Bard Award for Excellence in Architecture and Urban Design, and
19836-513: The museum's holdings) cannot be lent to any other institutions. The Frick Madison's opening became the first and potentially only time these works are being moved. The building houses its old masters collection, including 104 paintings, along with sculptures, vases, and clocks. Dutch and Flemish paintings occupy the second floor, while Italian and Spanish works take up the third, along with Mughal carpets and Chinese porcelain . The fourth floor features British and French works. The temporary museum
20010-425: The nation for political contributions are in Manhattan. The top ZIP Code, 10021, is on the Upper East Side and generated the most money for the 2004 presidential campaigns of both George W. Bush and John Kerry . The area is host to some of the most famous museums in the world. The string of museums along Fifth Avenue fronting Central Park has been dubbed " Museum Mile ", running between 82nd and 105th Streets. It
20184-594: The neighborhood contains the greatest concentration of individual wealth in Manhattan. As of 2011, the median household income for the Upper East Side was $ 131,492. The Upper East Side maintains the highest pricing per square foot in the United States. A 2002 report cited the average cost per square meter as $ 8,856; however, that price has noticed a substantial jump, increasing to almost as much as $ 11,200 per square meter as of 2006. There are some buildings which cost about $ 125 per square foot (~$ 1345/ m ). The only public housing projects for those of low to moderate incomes on
20358-434: The neighborhood, at 86th Street, which became the heart of German Yorkville . The area was defined by the attractions of the bluff overlooking the East River , which ran without interruption from James William Beekman 's "Mount Pleasant", north of the marshy squalor of Turtle Bay , to Gracie Mansion , north of which the land sloped steeply to the wetlands that separated this area from the suburban village of Harlem . Among
20532-493: The new Whitney Museum in Lower Manhattan. The building, opened in 2015, also features cantilevering floor plates that progressively extend over a portion of the street; both museum buildings also feature oversized elevators. A 2017 exhibit at the Met Breuer, Breuer Revisited: New Photographs by Luisa Lambri and Bas Princen , featured artistic photographs of four of Marcel Breuer's works, including 945 Madison Avenue. In 2024, watch company Toledano and Chan revealed their first watch,
20706-573: The new relationship with CompUSA. A revised concept for an Apple " store-within-a-store " was designed by Eight Inc., a San Francisco-based firm who had developed Apple's presences at the MacWorld expo ; they were designed as a self-contained showroom with more minimalistic design that emphasized the products themselves. After a trial at retail outlets in Japan, CompUSA began to adopt the new concept for its locations beginning in 1999. The "store within
20880-487: The new tenant in order to avoid contracting outside caterers, as Sarabeth's did not offer large-scale catering. In 2011, Meyer closed the popup and opened his restaurant Untitled (a business which in 2015 re-opened at the Whitney's new building in the Meatpacking District, and permanently closed in 2021). Beginning in 2015 when 945 Madison held the Met Breuer, it housed a pop-up Blue Bottle Coffee shop on
21054-716: The number of Mac authorized resellers dropped from 20,000 to just 11,000. The majority of these were cuts made by Apple itself. Jobs proclaimed that Apple would be targeting Dell as a competitor, with Cook's mandate to match or exceed Dell's lean inventories and streamlined supply chain. Jobs made an open statement to Michael Dell , "with our new products and our new store and our new build-to-order, we're coming after you, buddy." While Dell had operated as direct mail order and online order company, having pulled out of retailers to realize greater profit margins and efficiency, Apple had direct orders with sales handled by its channel partners, other mail order resellers, independent dealerships, and
21228-639: The one that had attracted international attention. The operators of that store had applied for a reseller license from Apple. At the time of the report, only four legitimate Apple Stores had opened in China, with two in Beijing and two in Shanghai. These imitation Apple Store locations should not be confused with Apple Premium Resellers, which are independent businesses authorized to sell Apple products, and which are expected by Apple to offer services comparable to
21402-530: The opening weekend, spending a total of US$ 599,000 . Several publications and analysts predicted the failure of Apple Stores. However, the Apple retail program established its merits, bypassing the sales-per-square-foot measurement of competing nearby stores, and in 2004 reached $ 1 billion in annual sales, the fastest of any retailer in history. Sales continued to grow, reaching $ 1 billion a quarter by 2006. Then-CEO Steve Jobs said that "People haven't been willing to invest this much time and money or engineering in
21576-451: The paintings inside". The ceilings use a suspended grid of concrete coffers, specially designed with rails to allow for movable partition walls. Ceiling heights vary; the second and third floors are 12'9", while the fourth floor is 17'6". As first designed, the building had a lobby, coatroom , small gallery, and loading dock on its first floor. The second, third, and fourth floors were dedicated to gallery space, each progressively larger than
21750-484: The percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 41% in Community District 8, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 45% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018 , Community District 8 is not considered to be gentrifying : according to the Community Health Profile, the district was not low-income in 1990. As of the 2000 census, twenty-one percent of
21924-456: The popularity of the brand, Apple receives many job applications, many of which come from young workers. Apple Store employees receive above-average pay, are offered money toward education and health care, and receive product discounts; however, there are limited or no paths of career advancement. A May 2016 report with an anonymous retail employee highlighted a hostile work environment with harassment from customers, intense internal criticism, and
22098-541: The population was foreign born; of this, 45.6% came from Europe, 29.5% from Asia, 16.2% from Latin America and 8.7% from other areas. The female-male ratio was very high with 125 females for 100 males. The Upper East Side contains a large and affluent Jewish population estimated at 56,000. Traditionally, the Upper East Side has been dominated by wealthy White Anglo-Saxon Protestant families. Given its very high population density and per capita income ($ 85,081 in 2000),
22272-500: The process of moving its corporate headquarters to the new Apple Park complex, a similar store with exclusive merchandise opened as part of the Apple Park Visitor Center on November 17, 2017. In July 2011, an American expatriate blogger who lives in the southwestern Chinese city of Kunming reported on her discovery of what she called "the best ripoff store we had ever seen"—a fake Apple Store, complete with
22446-408: The property after the Frick Collection's sublease ended in August 2024; it planned to open the new space in 2025, with galleries free and open to the public. Sotheby's also announced plans to hire an architect to rework interior spaces, but to preserve the integrity of the building. In November 2024, the company hired Herzog & de Meuron and PBDW Architects to design the renovation. The building
22620-427: The property. The site was an elegant residential area before World War II; after the war, the area took on new luxury apartments and art dealers, becoming the "gallery center of New York". It became an upscale commercial area by the mid-2010s, surrounded by retail shops for global fashion brands, luxury condominiums, and a large Apple Store . The 21st century site changes are partially attributed to development spurred by
22794-404: The rest of the neighborhood Republicans make up between 20 and 40% of registered voters. Nonetheless, it is still heavily Democratic; in the 2020 presidential election , every single precinct voted for Joe Biden and all but one gave him over 70% of the vote. The Upper East Side is notable as a significant location of political fundraising in the United States. Four of the top five ZIP Codes in
22968-700: The sales numbers of competing nearby stores and within three years reached US$ 1 billion in annual sales, becoming the fastest retailer in history to do so. Apple has expanded the number of retail locations and its geographical coverage over the years, with 531 stores across 27 countries and regions worldwide, opening its latest stores at the Westfield Mall of Scandinavia in Solna , Sweden and Del Amo Fashion Center in Torrance , California on September 20, 2024. Strong product sales have placed Apple among
23142-673: The same name in 1984. The museum was independently added to the State Register of Historic Places in June 1986 and was deemed eligible for a standalone entry in the National Register in September of that year. In 2006, the NRHP's historic district listing was revised, with one of the modifications being to now list the museum building as a contributing structure. The building came to define the Whitney Museum's image, as its iconic home for almost 50 years. Marcel Breuer's work with
23316-575: The second retailer on the list. On a global level, all Apple Stores had a combined revenue of US$ 16 billion. Under the leadership of Ron Johnson , the former senior Vice President of Retail Operations, the Apple Stores have, according to an article in The New York Times , been responsible for "[turning] the boring computer sales floor into a sleek playroom filled with gadgets". The Apple Stores have also been credited with raising
23490-416: The second through fourth floors. The artwork is exhibited against stark dark gray walls, with most walls only holding one to two paintings; this contrasted with the ornate setting the paintings had inside the Frick Mansion. There is no protective glass, nor any plaques or signs (a standard the Frick Collection held at its longtime home), save for the artist's name on some frames. Visitors are encouraged to use
23664-467: The series of villas a Schermerhorn country house overlooked the river at the foot of present-day 73rd Street and another, Peter Schermerhorn's at 66th Street , and the Riker homestead was similarly sited at the foot of 75th Street. By the mid-19th century the farmland had largely been subdivided, with the exception of the 150 acres (61 ha) of Jones's Wood , stretching from 66th to 76th Streets and from
23838-557: The sites of fishing camps used by the Lenape , whose controlled burns once a generation or so kept the dense canopy of oak–hickory forest open at ground level. In the 19th century the farmland and market garden district of what was to be the Upper East Side was still traversed by the Boston Post Road and, from 1837, the New York and Harlem Railroad , which brought straggling commercial development around its one station in
24012-428: The smoky railroad trench up Fourth Avenue (now Park Avenue), to build stylish mansions and townhouses on the large lots along Fifth Avenue , facing Central Park, and on the adjacent side streets. The latest arrivals were the rich Pittsburghers Andrew Carnegie and Henry Clay Frick . The classic phase of Gilded Age Fifth Avenue as a stretch of private mansions was not long-lasting: the first apartment house to replace
24186-463: The space beneath it. Administrative offices were on the fifth floor, and a large mechanical penthouse acted as the sixth floor. The lower floors were designed for a sculpture gallery and courtyard, a kitchen and dining space, and storage. While exhibition space was made relatively bare at the museum's opening (with white walls and panels on slate floors), its permanent gallery space made use of carpets, woven wall coverings, and comfortable furniture to make
24360-538: The space more intimate. During its 2010s lease to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the interior spaces on the second and third floor were divided into various gallery rooms, compromising the original design of large open spaces. According to architect and author Robert McCarter, the building incorporates "one of the best examples of Breuer's ability to make staircases into functional sculpture", as it changes gradually and subtly in dimensions and proportions between floors, though its materials are consistent throughout. Lighting
24534-461: The stepped Pyramid of Djoser in Egypt. The building was designed in the spirit of the nearby Guggenheim Museum – another unique artistic landmark created by a renowned architect, completed seven years earlier. The Guggenheim, too, had its basic form come from an overturned ziggurat, as its architect Frank Lloyd Wright stated in a 1945 Time interview. Architecture critics noticed, calling the Whitney
24708-471: The store. "The Avenue" is the central location for hardware, as well as for receiving advice from salespersons and "Creative Pros" with specialized knowledge of music, photography, creativity, and apps. The "Genius Bar" becomes the "Genius Grove", a tree-lined area for help and support. "The Forum" features a large video screen and offers game nights, sessions with experts in creative arts, and community events. "The Plaza", while limited to select locations, offers
24882-496: The structure's association with Brutalism; saying that Breuer never associated himself with the style, and that contrary to the Brutalist aesthetic, 945 Madison had a colorful, yet subtle, spectrum of colors, and that it overall was supposed to engage visitors. The building's use of concrete was described by Sarah Williams Goldhagen as more of an ideological position than an aesthetic; Goldhagen stated that progressive architects at
25056-399: The structure. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, looking to build its presence in the modern and contemporary art scenes, agreed to lease the building in 2011, to enter into effect around 2015. The museum was also looking to display its contemporary and modern art while its Fifth Avenue building's wing was renovated, making the move potentially temporary from the beginning. The building underwent
25230-521: The technicians who staff the Genius Bar is more than 90%. A May 2016 Business Insider article featured a lengthy interview with an anonymous Apple Store retail worker in the United Kingdom, where the employee highlighted significant dissatisfaction and issues for retail workers, including harassment and death threats from customers, an intense internal criticism policy that feels "like
25404-498: The third revision's approval process had begun. The board of the Whitney still desired an expansion, though now aimed for a near-imperceptible change. The museum purchased surrounding townhouses (five on Madison, two on 74th, and a two-story building between the two sets). The museum board hired Gluckman Mayner Architects to perform a $ 135 million two-phase renovation, spanning from 1995 to 1998. The expansion involved renovating three townhouses to create office space, connecting them to
25578-423: The time had to choose between using steel and glass or reinforced concrete, typically adhering to one design choice or the other. Steel and glass began to become associated with commercial buildings and mass production, while concrete gave the impression of monumentality, authenticity, and age. The overall design has been likened to an inverted ziggurat , at least since 1964; Progressive Architecture likened it to
25752-1046: The top-tier retail stores, with sales over $ 16 billion globally in 2011. In May 2016, Angela Ahrendts , Apple's then-Senior Vice President of retail, unveiled a significantly redesigned Apple Store in Union Square, San Francisco , featuring large glass doors for the entry, open spaces, and rebranded rooms. Many Apple Stores are located inside shopping malls, but Apple has built several stand-alone flagship stores in high-profile locations. It has been granted design patents and received architectural awards for its stores' designs and construction, specifically for its use of glass staircases and cubes. The success of Apple Stores has had significant influence over other consumer electronics retailers, who have lost traffic, control and profits due to perceived higher quality of service and products at Apple Stores. Apple's notable brand loyalty among consumers causes long lines of hundreds of people at new Apple Store openings or product releases. Due to
25926-424: The town houses on East End Avenue between 86th and 87th Streets, built by John C. Henderson in 1981. The Treadwell Farm Historic District, designated in 1967, includes low-rise apartments on East 61st and 62nd Streets between Second and Third Avenues, on the former farm of Adam Treadwell. Before the arrival of Europeans, the mouths of streams that eroded gullies in the East River bluffs are conjectured to have been
26100-561: The viewer slowly over time, though she admitted it was "the most disliked building in New York". Huxtable noted that the building may be too severe and gloomy for many people's tastes, and, in the same year, art critic Emily Genauer echoed her statement, calling the building "oppressively heavy" and "the Madison Avenue Monster". In 1966, Progressive Architecture criticized the 75th Street facade for being incongruous with
26274-486: The west. The area incorporates several smaller neighborhoods, including Lenox Hill , Carnegie Hill , and Yorkville . Once known as the Silk Stocking District, it has long been the most affluent neighborhood in New York City. The Upper East Side is part of Manhattan Community District 8 , and its primary ZIP Codes are 10021, 10028, 10065, 10075, and 10128. It is patrolled by the 19th Precinct of
26448-573: The world is located in Amsterdam. Apple Store openings and new product releases can draw crowds of hundreds, with some waiting in line as much as a day before the opening. The opening of New York City's Fifth Avenue store in 2006 was highly frequented, and had visitors from Europe who flew in for the event. In 1993, Apple opened a store, then known as The Company Store, at its Apple Campus on Infinite Loop in Cupertino, California . Predating
26622-526: Was 219,920, an increase of 2,857 (1.3%) from the 217,063 counted in 2000 . Covering an area of 1,291.51 acres (522.66 ha), the neighborhoods had a population density of 170.3 inhabitants per acre (109,000/sq mi; 42,100/km ). The racial makeup of the neighborhoods was 79% (173,711) White , 3.2% (7,098) African American , 0.1% (126) Native American , 8.6% (18,847) Asian , 0% (98) Pacific Islander , 0.3% (609) from other races , and 1.8% (3,868) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race
26796-487: Was 7.1% (15,563) of the population. While the White population is a dominating majority in all three census tabulation areas, it is more so in Upper East Side-Carnegie Hill compared to Yorkville and Lenox Hill-Roosevelt Island, being close to 90% of the population. The racial composition of the Upper East Side changed moderately from 2000 to 2010. The most significant changes were the increase in
26970-443: Was awarded the building contract in September 1964, and the museum's cornerstone was laid in a ceremony marking the beginning of construction on October 20, 1964. The cornerstone held a time capsule containing the history of the museum. The building had an estimated cost of $ 3–4 million in 1964, though it ended up costing $ 6 million. It opened on September 28, 1966, in an event with former First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy , who had been
27144-465: Was being renovated. The building resides on a 13,000-square-foot (1,200 m) site at Madison Avenue and 75th Street that was once occupied by six 1880s rowhouses. The structure and surrounding buildings contribute to the Upper East Side Historic District , a New York City and national historic district. The building is usually described as part of the Modernist art and architecture movement, and
27318-422: Was built on speculation by Mary Mason Jones, who owned the entire block bounded by 57th and 58th Streets and Fifth and Madison. In 1870 she occupied the prominent corner house at 57th and Fifth, though not in the isolation described by her niece, Edith Wharton , whose picture has been uncritically accepted as history, as Christopher Gray has pointed out: It was her habit to sit in a window of her sitting room on
27492-474: Was compared to Armstrong III's resignation in 1990. Around 2005, amid further planned expansions, the Whitney had the neighboring 943 Madison Avenue demolished and rebuilt, and 941 Madison's depth reduced from 31 to 17 feet (9.4 to 5.2 m). The work was controversial, seen by some preservationists as too severe, and by some in the architecture field as not bold enough. The Whitney hired Italian architect Renzo Piano to design an addition in 2004; Piano proposed
27666-412: Was controversial to the public at its opening; comments likened it to a fortress or garage, while some admired it for being striking or romantic. It was nevertheless well-received as a masterpiece by critics in the 1960s, in architecture, art, and general magazines and newspapers. In 1966, Ada Louise Huxtable of The New York Times referred to the building as "harsh and handsome", and a site that grows on
27840-553: Was described by The New York Times as "particularly notable", given his work on the "highly successful" Apple Stores and his election to Disney's board of directors in 2006. In August 2009, the London Evening Standard reported that Apple's first store in the United Kingdom, at Regent Street , was the most profitable shop of its size in London, with the highest sales per square foot, taking in £60 million
28014-505: Was designated a city district in 2014. It encompasses 64 properties on Park Avenue between 79th and 91st Streets. The Carnegie Hill Historic District was designated a city district in 1974 and expanded in 1993. It covers 400 buildings, primarily along Fifth Avenue from 86th to 98th Street, as well as on side streets extending east to Madison, Park, and Lexington Avenues. There are also two smaller city historic districts. The Henderson Place Historic District, designated in 1969, comprises
28188-410: Was designed to be almost entirely artificial, with only a few windows, angled to prevent direct sunlight from entering. Lights were by Edison Price, and hung from the concrete grid ceilings – both spot lighting and indirect lighting. The lobby contains an information desk and waiting spaces. Its ceiling is taken up by white circular light fixtures, each with a single bare silver-tipped bulb. The interior
28362-419: Was entirely glass, looking out onto the museum's outdoor sculpture garden, where brunch was served on weekends. It was at times adorned with a self-portrait by Alfred Leslie , or with Andy Warhol's Flowers 1970 . For approximately 20 years, Sarabeth's operated the café there, serving breakfast and lunch. Its American-themed menu included cream of tomato soup, Caesar salad , and strawberry shortcake. Sarabeth's
28536-458: Was fired after six months, later telling a conference that he "just didn't fit with the way they ran the business". In October 2013, Apple hired Angela Ahrendts from Burberry . When Ahrendts left in April 2019, Deirdre O’Brien expanded from Worldwide Sales and Operations, to People, and currently, to People and Retail. In an interview with Funke Mediengruppe in May 2021 she commented, Apple
28710-406: Was for exhibition space; the remainder was for offices, storage, meeting rooms, a library, a restoration laboratory, stairs, elevators, and other spaces. The building was designed with an earth-colored interior, utilizing concrete, bluestone , and oiled bronze. The floors are of bluestone tile; the walls are white, gray, or granite-faced and relatively blank, allowing for "plenty of hanging area for
28884-453: Was his first museum commission, and his first and only remaining work in Manhattan. Breuer was originally a student of the Bauhaus architecture and design school, though he later became one of the leading figures in "New Brutalism" or Brutalism . Sources variously describe the building's architectural style to be Brutalist or part of the larger Modernist movement. It has been described as
29058-520: Was intended to straddle what had now become the Harlem Railroad right-of-way between 66th and 69th Streets; it never materialized, though during the Panic of 1857 its unleveled ground was the scene of an open-air mass meeting called in July to agitate for the secession of the city and its neighboring counties from New York State, and the city divided its acreage into house lots and sold them. From
29232-519: Was known for its home-style desserts which were compared to works of art; in 2001 owner Sarabeth Levine chose to replicate works shown in a Wayne Thiebaud exhibit for her daily dessert specials. As well, for a time, Thiebaud's painting Pie Counter , depicting rows of American-style pies and cakes, hung at the entrance to the restaurant. Sarabeth's closed in January 2010, replaced by a popup operated by New York restaurateur Danny Meyer . The Whitney chose
29406-486: Was looking to open a temporary exhibit during its planned 2020–2022 renovations, and sought the Guggenheim, which was only available for four months. The Metropolitan Museum of Art lent use of the Breuer Building instead; the Met had leased the building from the Whitney in a deal set to expire in 2023. The move was seen as remarkable, given that Henry Clay Frick 's will stipulated that his purchases (about two-thirds of
29580-471: Was met with a petition against the design, signed by I.M. Pei , Isamu Noguchi , and about 600 other art and architecture professionals. Breuer's wife Constance and his architect partner Hamilton Smith also weighed in against the design, preferring Breuer's work be torn down. Certain critics prompted the Whitney's board to request the 1987 revision, and his final revision was also disliked. His main advocate, director Thomas Armstrong III , resigned in 1990 before
29754-616: Was once named "Millionaire's Row". The following are among the cultural institutions on the Upper East Side: Many diplomatic missions are located in former mansions on the Upper East Side: Other missions to the United Nations in the Upper East Side include: There are several historic districts in the Upper East Side, the districts are: The Upper East Side is patrolled by the 19th Precinct of
29928-420: Was pointed out that height restrictions would make the mixed-use development unprofitable. The next expansion proposal was by Michael Graves , first announced in 1981, three months after Breuer's death. The first proposal came in May 1985, revised in 1987 and 1988. Graves' postmodern additions were heavily condemned for their bulk and for not harmonizing with the existing building. The first polarizing proposal
30102-518: Was renamed after Franklin Delano Roosevelt, into the full limited-access parkway that is in use today. Demolishing the elevated railways on Third and Second Avenues opened these tenement -lined streets to the construction of high-rise apartment blocks starting in the 1950s. Among these were Manhattan House at 200 East 66th Street, one of the first apartment buildings in New York City to use white glazed brick on its facade, as well as
30276-460: Was reported to be considering a sale by late 2021. Lauder was initially opposed to the Whitney's move downtown, though he eventually grew to like the new museum building, which was named for him in 2016. In June 2023, the auction house Sotheby's agreed to purchase the building for approximately $ 100 million. 945 Madison Avenue is planned to house Sotheby's headquarters, including its galleries, exhibition space, and auction room. The company took over
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