207-594: 2 Derry Street Defunct The Daily Mail is a British daily middle-market tabloid newspaper published in London. It was founded in 1896. As of 2020, it has the highest circulation of paid newspapers in the UK. Its sister paper The Mail on Sunday was launched in 1982, a Scottish edition was launched in 1947, and an Irish edition in 2006. Content from the paper appears on the MailOnline news website , although
414-645: A Daily Mail article in October 1927 that celebrated five years of Fascism in Italy, it was argued that there were parallels between modern Britain and Italy in the last years of the Liberal era as it was argued Italy went through a series of weak liberal and conservative governments that made concessions to the Italian Socialist Party such as granting universal male suffrage in 1912 whose "only result
621-618: A "parvenu" family as their royal family as it was noted that Rothermere had been born a commoner, making the Harmsworths unsuitable as a royal family in their view. In 1927, the American-Hungarian Transatlantic Committee started raising funds for a non-stop transatlantic flight as a way of publicising criticism of the Treaty of Trianon. By 1930, the committee had raised only $ 5,000 in donations in
828-487: A Conservative loyal to Baldwin. It was believed that if Duff Cooper lost the by-election, Baldwin would have to resign and as such the by-election attracted much more media attention than usual for a by-election. Though most of the Conservative party leaders wanted Baldwin to resign by this point, the fear of the party being taken over by the "press lords" proved even stronger. Baldwin campaigned for Duff Cooper and in
1035-621: A Dominion to a colony again as the condition of a British bail-out. In 1934, the governing British commission appointed a royal commission under Gordon Bradley to examine how the Rothermere-owned Anglo-Newfoundland Corporation treated its workers in Grand Falls. The chief commissioner for Newfoundland, Sir John Hope Simpson , wrote in his diary: "It is the Congo all over again, so we are putting
1242-541: A commission of inquiry into the labour situation in the forests. Lord Rothermere and the Daily Mail are likely to have something to howl about, and we are going to be most unpopular in high quarters." Bradley reported that the workers at the Anglo-Newfoundland company were "grossly underpaid", with loggers and their families being "reduced to a standard of living below even tolerable existence". Rothermere
1449-489: A conduit. In July 1933, Rothermere visited Germany and defended the new regime in his article "Youth Triumphant". Writing "from somewhere in Naziland", Rothermere stated: "Our 'parlor Bolsheviks' and 'cultural Communists' have started a campaign of denunciation against Nazi 'atrocities', which as anyone who visits Germany quickly discovers for himself, consist merely of a few isolated acts of violence such are inevitable among
1656-760: A controlling interest in Cardiff 's newspapers. By the end of 1929, his empire had 14 daily and Sunday newspapers, with a substantial holding in another three. In 1930, Rothermere purchased the freehold of the old site of the Bethlem Hospital in Southwark . He donated it to the London County Council to be made into a public open space, to be known as the Geraldine Mary Harmsworth Park in memory of his mother, for
1863-498: A creature to admire or make work domestically, to marry or let slip away into a religious order...65 percent were illiterate". Touchy declared his horror at the young Spanish women had rejected the traditional patriarchal system, writing with disgust that the "direct action girls" of the Worker's Militia do not want to be like their mothers, submissive and obedient to men. Touchy called these young women "Red Carmens", associating them with
2070-481: A dissolution of the marriage, and he refused to admit publicly to having been cuckolded. He became lonely and unhappy. He was a womaniser whose relationships with his mistresses, until 1927, were very brief, as he rapidly lost interest once he had taken his new conquest to bed. He had a tendency to ennui , walking the streets of London every morning looking for something new, and when he was bored with London, taking extensive foreign trips. Addison argued that Rothermere
2277-468: A former mistress of Rothermere's, Annabel Kruse, to ensure that she had a seat at the same roulette table with him. At the time he met her, Rothermere was barely aware that Hungary even existed and was unable to find it on a map, requiring Hohenlohe to show him where Hungary was. When Hohenlohe showed him Hungary's location, he revealingly remarked: "You know, my dear, until today I had no idea that Budapest and Bucharest are two different cities". Under
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#17328017705952484-406: A fortune in 1922 worth £780 million. One contemporary who knew him called him "a proud, gruff captain of industry" with a tendency to be rude. Rothermere had a fundamentally elitist conception of politics, believing that the natural leaders of Britain were upper class men like himself. He strongly disapproved of the decision to grant women over the age of 30 the right to vote, and with the end of
2691-569: A gigantic bombing fleets to deter anyone who might wish to bomb Britain by threatening similar devastation on the nation that might wish to bomb Britain, hence the title of his article "We Need 5,000 Planes". For a time in 1934 the Rothermere papers championed the British Union of Fascists (BUF), and were again the only major papers to do so. On 15 January 1934 the Daily Mail published a Rothermere-written editorial entitled "Hurrah for
2898-437: A good deal of resentment against the activities of wealthy Jewish individuals and organizations who try by every means financial, social, political and personal to influence British Government Departments and members of parliament for ends serviceable to Jewish interests....Tactlessness always has been one of the outstanding defects of the children of Israel. British Jews do not err in this respect nearly as much as their kinsmen of
3105-619: A green rectangle with the word "IRISH", instead of the Royal Arms , but this was later changed, with "Irish Daily Mail" displayed instead. The Irish version includes stories of Irish interest alongside content from the UK version. According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, the Irish edition had a circulation of 63,511 for July 2007, falling to an average of 49,090 for the second half of 2009. Since 24 September 2006 Ireland on Sunday ,
3312-457: A half-caste child is only one of the several problems arising. And obviously this cheapening of the white women among men who go down to the sea in ships must have reactions in the East and in every part of the world where colored and white races dwell side by side". The British historian Raphael Samuel noted that this story was typical of the "ever racist" Rothermere newspapers, which often painted
3519-560: A hardline against President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, taking the viewpoint that Britain was justified in invading Egypt to retake control of the Suez canal and topple Nasser. The Daily Mail was transformed by its editor during the 1970s and 1980s, David English . He had been editor of the Daily Sketch from 1969 to 1971, when it closed. Part of the same group from 1953, the Sketch
3726-734: A hollowed out shell. Though the United Empire Party had proved to be a failure, Rothermere continued his campaign against Baldwin and the Government of India Act. The campaign against the India Act was regionalised in terms of support, being limited to South Lancashire, the Home Counties and the resort towns along the English Channel. In South Lancashire opposition to the India Act was strong out of fears that
3933-463: A leader (editorial), the Daily Mail wrote that the views of Churchill, who very much favored going to war with Turkey, were "bordering on insanity". The same leader noted that Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King of Canada had rejected Churchill's request for troops, which led the leader to warn that Churchill's efforts to call upon the Dominions for help for the expected war were endangering
4140-495: A man who detested Rothermere and used language that was so crude, vulgar and "unkingy" that Beneš had to report to Prague that he could not possibly repeat the king's remarks. In fact, Rothermere's "Justice for Hungary" campaign, which he continued until February 1939, was a source of disquiet for the Foreign Office, which complained that British relations with Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Romania were constantly stained as
4347-451: A more right-wing leader. Baldwin greatly detested both Rothermere and Beaverbrook, saying to "call them swine was to libel a very clean, decent animal". In a speech, Baldwin charged that the way that Beaverbrook and Rothermere were attempting to use their vast fortunes to alter the Conservative party to their liking was "the most obvious peril to democracy". Despite his dislike of Beaverbrook, Baldwin met with him several times to promise that
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#17328017705954554-610: A most genteel 'English' type". In the 1938 crisis over the Sudetenland, The Daily Mail was very hostile in its picture of President Edvard Beneš , whom Rothermere noted disapprovingly in a leader in July 1938 had signed an alliance with the Soviet Union in 1935, leading him to accuse Beneš of turning "Czechoslovakia into a corridor for Russia against Germany". Rothermere concluded his leader: "If Czechoslovakia becomes involved in
4761-535: A nation as half as big as ours...In the last days of the pre-Hitler regime, there twenty times as many Jewish government officials in Germany as had existed before the war. Israelites of international attachments were insinuating themselves into key positions of the German administrative machine...It is from such abuses that Hitler has freed Germany". By this point, Rothermere had abandoned any support for democracy as he
4968-525: A national hero in Hungary with every Hungarian newspaper sending a correspondent to London with a request to interview Rothermere. In the aftermath of "Hungary's Place in the Sun", Rothermere received 200,000 letters, telegrams and postcards from Hungary, which forced him to hire two translators to translate all of the mail from Magyar into English. Rothermere found himself bombarded with gifts from Hungary such as
5175-564: A period of journalistic success in the 1980s, employing Fleet Street writers such as gossip columnist Nigel Dempster , Lynda Lee-Potter and sportswriter Ian Wooldridge (who unlike some of his colleagues – the paper generally did not support sporting boycotts of white-minority-ruled South Africa – strongly opposed apartheid ). In 1982 a Sunday title, the Mail on Sunday , was launched (the Scottish Sunday Mail , now owned by
5382-622: A picture of a demonic Other posing an existential threat to a noble, but failing Britain. In October 1922, the Daily Mail approved of the Fascist " March on Rome ", arguing that democracy had failed in Italy, thus requiring Benito Mussolini to set up his Fascist dictatorship to save the social order. In May 1923, Rothermere published a leader in The Daily Mail entitled "What Europe Owes Mussolini", where he wrote about his "profound admiration" for Mussolini: "[I]n saving Italy he stopped
5589-439: A popular slogan in Hungary. Despite the implication that Hungary should retake all of the lands lost under the Treaty of Trianon, Rothermere actually only advocated the return to Hungary of what is now southern Slovakia and the extreme western end of Ukraine together with parts of Transylvania and Vojvodina . Rothermere followed up "Hungary's Place in the Sun" with another leader titled "Europe's Powder Keg", predicating that
5796-549: A profound debt to the Hungarian aristocracy which had been "Europe's bastion against which the forces of Mahomet [the Prophet Mohammed] vainly hurled themselves against". Rothemere argued that it was unjust that the "noble" Hungarians should be under the rule of "cruder and more barbaric races", by which he meant the peoples of Romania, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. In his leader, he advocated that Hungary retake all of
6003-457: A readership base inclined to be informed on entertainment trends as well as coverage of major news events. Such newspapers are the middle segment of a continuum of journalistic seriousness: upper-market or " quality " newspapers generally cover hard news, and down-market newspapers favour sensationalist stories . The United Kingdom's two national middle-market papers are the Daily Mail and
6210-523: A record for longevity at the time. The radio navigation equipment on Justice for Hungary , which cost £4,000, were also paid for by Rothermere. At the time, crossing the Atlantic Ocean non-stop was highly risky, and the flight attracted much attention. Rothermere purchased estates in Hungary in case Britain fell to a Soviet invasion. There is a memorial to Rothermere in Budapest. Rothermere
6417-400: A risky move, Baldwin ordered a number of Conservative MPs holding safe Tory seats to resign to cause by-elections with the aim to "expose the real weakness of the press lords". The Conservative Central Office advised against this strategy, warning that many ordinary Conservative voters were deeply unhappy with Baldwin's leadership and the by-elections might have "disastrous results-even break up
Daily Mail - Misplaced Pages Continue
6624-668: A series of promotions in the paper which had run for years, following a campaign from the group ' Stop Funding Hate ', who were unhappy with the Mail' s coverage of migrant issues and the EU referendum. In September 2017, the Daily Mail partnered with Stage 29 Productions to launch DailyMailTV, an international news program produced by Stage 29 Productions in its studios based in New York City with satellite studios in London, Sydney, DC and Los Angeles. Dr. Phil McGraw (Stage 29 Productions)
6831-630: A society where the Magyar "chivalrous and warlike aristocracy" still ruled. Rothermere's son Esmond was received with royal pomp during a visit to Budapest in 1928, and some political actors in Hungary later went so far as to inquire about Rothermere's interest in being placed on the Hungarian throne. Although Rothermere later insisted he did not invite those overtures and that he quietly deflected them, his private correspondence indicates otherwise. Rothermere very much wanted his family to become royalty, writing to his mistress in 1928: "If they want to save
7038-707: A speech at a BUF rally in Nottingham in 1934, the Daily Mail devoted most of its coverage of the rally to Joyce's condemnation of a recently released White Paper relating to the Government of India Act, which proposing giving more power to the Indians, as weakening the Raj. The implication of the article in The Daily Mail was that Conservative voters were switching their loyalty from the Conservative-dominated National Government to
7245-422: A speech denounced Beaverbrook and Rothermere, saying: "What the proprietorship of these papers is aiming at is power, and power without responsibility-the prerogative of the harlot throughout the ages...this contest is not a contest as to who is to lead the party, but as to who is to appoint the leader of the party". Baldwin's dignified speech which stood in stark contrast to the often hysterical and shrill claims of
7452-633: A tactic that was politically successful, but led Rothermere to accuse Baldwin of "feminising" the Conservative Party in toning down its aggressively masculine style. Likewise, Rothermere disapproved of Baldwin's championing "one-nation" conservatism in order to appeal to the working class. Rothermere used the Daily Mail to take a hawkish line with regard to the May Thirtieth Movement that began in China in 1925, presenting it in
7659-508: A tactic that was politically successful, but led Rothermere to accuse Baldwing of "feminising" the Conservative Party. The rise of the new party dominated the newspaper, and, even though Beaverbrook soon withdrew, Rothermere continued to campaign. Vice Admiral Ernest Augustus Taylor fought the first by-election for the United Empire Party in October, defeating the official Conservative candidate by 941 votes. Baldwin's position
7866-587: A time during the war, Rothermere served as President of the Air Council in the government of David Lloyd George . Rothermere proved to an inept politician whose background as a businessman with a dictatorial control of a press empire made him ill-suited to the cabinet, which required the ability to reach a consensus with other cabinet ministers. He was incapable of compromise, instead attempting to ram his proposals through and incessantly plotting against cabinet colleagues who disagreed with him. His main interest
8073-542: A total of 60 divisions from Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. Moreover, Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia all had alliances with France. As such, the Hungarians had turned to other means to advance their desire to undo the Treaty of Trianon such as seeking the support of more powerful states. Hohenlohe, a beautiful woman known for her charm and greed, had been hired by Hungarian intelligence with orders to win over influencers of British public opinion, which led to
8280-487: A vehicle for Rothermere and Beaverbrook, which proved to be Baldwin's strongest card. In July 1930, Neville Chamberlain of the Conservative Research Office met with Rothermere and Beaverbrook in an attempt to broker a compromise, and the demands of the two media moguls were widely seen as causing the failure of the talks. In a speech, Baldwin exclaimed that "the disgusting one-sided alliance with
8487-752: A war, the British nation will say to the Prime Minister with one voice: 'Keep out of it!'" During the Danzig crisis , the Daily Mail was inadvertently used by the German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop to persuade Hitler that Britain would not go to war for the defense of Poland. Ribbentrop had the German Embassy in London headed by Herbert von Dirksen provide translations from pro-appeasement newspapers like
Daily Mail - Misplaced Pages Continue
8694-521: Is a salient feature of such newspapers in India. This journalism -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere Harold Sidney Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere , PC (26 April 1868 – 26 November 1940), was a leading British newspaper proprietor who owned Associated Newspapers Ltd . He is best known, like his brother Alfred Harmsworth , later Viscount Northcliffe, for
8901-404: Is quite possible that many of us will live to see our country confronted at a few hours notice between the acceptance of a humiliating ultimatum and virtual annihilation from the air". Rothermere agreed with Baldwin's famous statement that "the bomber will always get through", arguing there was no way possible to stop bombers once the aircraft had taken off and the only way to avert war was to build
9108-567: Is that the circulation be maintained. He testified before a House of Lords select committee that "we need to allow editors the freedom to edit", and therefore the newspaper's editor was free to decide editorial policy, including its political allegiance. On 17 November 2021, Ted Verity began a new seven-day role as editor of Mail newspapers, with responsibility for the Daily Mail , The Mail on Sunday and You magazine. The Daily Mail , devised by Alfred Harmsworth (later Viscount Northcliffe) and his brother Harold (later Viscount Rothermere),
9315-625: The Daily Express , distinguishable by their black-top masthead (both use the tabloid paper size), as opposed to the red-top mastheads of down-market tabloids . There was also formerly Today , published from 1986 to 1995. USA Today and the Times of India are other typical middle-market broadsheet newspapers, headquartered in the United States and India, respectively. A daily supplement devoted to coverage of Page 3 events
9522-699: The Daily Mail . In 1903 they launched the Daily Mirror . In 1910 Harmsworth bought the Glasgow Record and Mail , and in 1915 the Sunday Pictorial . By 1921 he was owner of the Daily Mirror , Sunday Pictorial , Glasgow Daily Record , Evening News , and Sunday Mail , and shared ownership of the company Associated Newspapers with his brother Alfred, who had been made Viscount Northcliffe in 1918. His greatest success came with
9729-849: The ABC1 demographic and 0.77 million in the C2DE demographic. Its website had more than 218 million unique visitors per month in 2020. The Daily Mail has won several awards, including receiving the National Newspaper of the Year award from The Press Awards nine times since 1994 (as of 2020). The Society of Editors selected it as the 'Daily Newspaper of the Year' for 2020. The Daily Mail has been criticised for its unreliability, its printing of sensationalist and inaccurate scare stories about science and medical research, and for instances of plagiarism and copyright infringement . In February 2017,
9936-607: The British Union of Fascists . which contributed to the popularity of those views in the 1930s. After seeing his hopes dashed by the outbreak of the Second World War , he died in Bermuda . Harmsworth was the second son of Alfred and Geraldine Mary Harmsworth . His thirteen siblings included Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe , Cecil Harmsworth, 1st Baron Harmsworth , Sir Leicester Harmsworth, 1st Baronet , and Sir Hildebrand Harmsworth, 1st Baronet . Rothermere
10143-556: The Daily Mail and the Daily Express for Hitler's benefit, which had the effect of making it seem that British public opinion was more strongly against going to war for Poland than was actually the case. The British historian Victor Rothwell wrote that the newspapers that Ribbentrop used to provide his press summaries for Hitler such as the Daily Express and the Daily Mail , were out of touch not only with British public opinion, but also with British government policy in regards to
10350-481: The Daily Mail as a means of dealing with Murdoch's offer. Dacre retired as editor of the Daily Mail but remains editor-in-chief of the group. In late 2013, the paper moved its London printing operation from the city's Docklands area to a new £50 million plant in Thurrock , Essex. There are Scottish editions of both the Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday , with different articles and columnists. In August 2016,
10557-668: The Daily Mail as an unreliable newspaper, citing the statement published in the Daily Mail in July 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion that "every one of the Europeans was put to the sword in a most atrocious manner" as the Daily Mail maintained that the entire European community in Beijing had been massacred. A month later in August 1900 the Daily Mail published a story about the relief of the western Legations in Beijing, where
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#173280177059510764-581: The Daily Mail began a partnership with The People's Daily , the official newspaper of the Chinese Communist Party . This partnership included publishing articles in the MailOnline produced by The People's Daily. The agreement appeared to observers to give the paper an edge in publishing news stories sourced out of China, but it also led to questions of censorship regarding politically sensitive topics. In November 2016, Lego ended
10971-553: The Daily Mail began printing simultaneously in both Manchester and London, the first national newspaper to do so (in 1899, the Daily Mail had organised special trains to bring the London-printed papers north). The same production method was adopted in 1909 by the Daily Sketch , in 1927 by the Daily Express and eventually by virtually all the other national newspapers. Printing of the Scottish Daily Mail
11178-406: The Daily Mail forged an alliance with Beaverbrook against the Conservative Party leader Stanley Baldwin . Rothermere was outraged by Baldwin's centre-right style of Conservatism and his decision to respond to almost universal suffrage by expanding the appeal of the Conservative Party. While Rothermere regarded giving women the right to vote as a disaster, Baldwin set out to appeal to female voters,
11385-673: The Daily Mail has repeatedly pointed." In December 1934, Rothermere visited Berlin as the guest of Joachim von Ribbentrop. During his visit, Rothermere was publicly thanked in a speech by Josef Goebbels for the Daily Mail 's pro-German coverage of the Saarland referendum , under which the people of the Saarland had the choices of voting to remain under the rule of the League of Nations, join France, or rejoin Germany. In March 1935, impressed by
11592-424: The Daily Mail published the Zinoviev letter , which indicated Moscow was directing British Communists toward violent revolution. It was later proven to be a hoax. At the time many on the left blamed the letter for the defeat of Ramsay MacDonald 's Labour Party in the 1924 general election , held four days later. Unlike most newspapers, the Mail quickly took up an interest on the new medium of radio. In 1928,
11799-476: The Daily Mail would support his party. The talks were drawn out largely because Mosely understood that Rothermere was a megalomaniac who wanted to use the New Party for his own purposes as he sought to impose terms and conditions in exchange for the support of the Daily Mail such as placing former leaders of the United Empire Party in key positions in the BUF and abandoning his plans for an Italian-style "corporate state", demands that Mosley rejected. Mosley who
12006-427: The Daily Mail would support his party. The talks were drawn out largely because Mosley understood that Rothermere was a megalomaniac who wanted to use the New Party for his own purposes as he sought to impose terms and conditions in exchange for the support of the Daily Mail . Mosley, who was equally egoistical, wanted Rothermere's support, but only on his own terms. Rothermere's 1933 leader "Youth Triumphant" praised
12213-446: The Daily Mail wrote in support of Liz Truss in the July–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election , calling her chancellor's mini-budget "a true Tory budget" that September. The Scottish Daily Mail was published as a separate title from Edinburgh starting in December 1946. The circulation was poor though, falling to below 100,000 and the operation was rebased to Manchester in December 1968. The Scottish Daily Mail
12420-418: The Daily Mirror , which had a circulation of three million by 1922. Although one of the chief rivals of the Harmsworth newspapers was the Daily Express owned by Max Aitken (the future Lord Beaverbrook), in May 1913 Harmsworth went with Aitken on a lengthy business trip to western Canada. The trip marked the start of an odd alliance between Aitken and the Harmsworth family that would persist regardless of
12627-408: The English Misplaced Pages banned the use of the Daily Mail as a reliable source. The Mail was originally a broadsheet but switched to a compact format on 3 May 1971, the 75th anniversary of its founding. On this date it also absorbed the Daily Sketch , which had been published as a tabloid by the same company. The publisher of the Mail , the Daily Mail and General Trust (DMGT), is listed on
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#173280177059512834-634: The Führer constantly appeals in his speeches is not a rhetorical invention, but a reality". Ward Price was one of the most controversial British journalists of the 1930s, who was one of the few British journalists allowed to interview both Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler because both fascist leaders knew that Ward Price could be trusted to take a favorable tone and ask "soft" questions. Wickham Steed called Ward Price "the lackey of Mussolini, Hitler and Rothermere". The British historian Daniel Stone called Ward Price's reporting from Berlin and Rome "a mixture of snobbery, name dropping and obsequious pro-fascism of
13041-426: The London Stock Exchange . Circulation figures according to the Audit Bureau of Circulations in February 2020 show gross daily sales of 1,134,184 for the Daily Mail . According to a December 2004 survey, 53% of Daily Mail readers voted for the Conservative Party , compared to 21% for Labour and 17% for the Liberal Democrats . The main concern of Viscount Rothermere , the current chairman and main shareholder,
13248-426: The Mirror Group , was founded in 1919 by the first Lord Rothermere, but later sold). Knighted in 1982, Sir David English became editor-in-chief and chairman of Associated Newspapers in 1992 after Rupert Murdoch had attempted to hire Evening Standard editor Paul Dacre as editor of The Times . The Evening Standard was then part of the Associated Newspapers group, and Dacre was appointed to succeed English at
13455-417: The Night of Long Knives on 30 June 1934 as a justified move. Pugh further noted that the Rothermere newspapers had praised the BUF in the winter and spring of 1934 precisely for engaging in violence, which made the claim that Rothermere was disgusted by the violence at Olympia Park very unlikely. In 1932, Newfoundland went bankrupt under the impact of the Great Depression, and in 1933 it reverted from being
13662-461: The Round Table Conferences in 1930 was greeted by The Daily Mail as the beginning of the end of Britain as a great power. As part of its crusade against Indian independence, The Daily Mail published a series of articles portraying the peoples of India as ignorant, barbarous, filthy and fanatical, arguing that the Raj was necessary to save India from the Indians, whom The Daily Mail argued were not capable of handling independence. Lord Rothermere
13869-401: The Soviet Union . The letter had been leaked to the Daily Mail by MI6 , and vouched for by the Foreign Office; it remains unclear whether MI6 was aware that the Zinoviev letter was a forgery or not. Rothermere seems to have believed in its authenticity; for him, it confirmed all of his fears about the Labour Party. After the 1924 election , Rothermere boasted in a letter to Beaverbrook that
14076-505: The "alarming facts" of London's Chinatown , warning in lurid detail of "the degradation of young white girls" at the hands of Chinese men: "Englishwomen are selling themselves to Chinamen; they are seeking out Asiatics in the streets where before the war no white women walked. The evil is baffling to the police and social workers. Women who have been 'rescued' and given a fresh start have relapsed and returned to their foreign masters, and have sunk even lower than before. The unmarried mother with
14283-444: The "appeasers" who were government officials favoured concessions to the Third Reich for a variety of economic and strategical reasons. Griffiths noted it was possible to be both an "enthusiast" and an "appeaser", but that the two groups were not one and the same, and it was unhelpful to lump the two groups together as one. Griffiths wrote that Rothermere - whose newspapers he described as being "consistently pro-Nazi" from 1930 onward -
14490-447: The "extra-special correspondent" of The Daily Mail was sympathetic towards the beleaguered British garrison at Chanak, but was also sympathetic towards the Turks. Ward Price wrote in his articles that Mustafa Kemal did not have wider ambitions to restore the lost frontiers of the Ottoman Empire and only wanted the Allies to leave Asia Minor. The Daily Mail ran a huge banner headline on 21 September 1922 that stated "Get Out Of Chanak!" In
14697-453: The "noble" Hungarians should be under the rule of "cruder and more barbaric races", by which he meant the peoples of Romania, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. Rothermere also took up the cause of the Sudeten Germans in his leader, writing that the Sudetenland should go to Germany. Rothermere used the same racial argument that he used in favour of the Magyars, writing that the Slavic Czechs should not allowed to rule over "noble" peoples such as
14904-489: The 'Hat campaign' in the winter of 1920. This was a contest with a prize of £100 for a new design of hat – a subject in which Northcliffe took a particular interest. There were 40,000 entries and the winner was a cross between a top hat and a bowler christened the Daily Mail Sandringham Hat . The paper subsequently promoted the wearing of it but without much success. In 1919, Alcock and Brown made
15111-490: The 18th century sword of General Hadik, wood-carvings, embroideries, a golden pen from the city fathers of Budapest, and an old flag from the Revolution of 1848 . The wine growers of Tokay sent Rothermere a free Balthazar (ten liters) of their best aszú wine. Over 1.2 million Hungarians signed a public letter of thanks to Rothermere for "Hungary's Place in the Sun". The Hungarian journalist Jenö Rákoski in an editorial in
15318-463: The BUF because of the Government of India White Paper. By contrast, Action , the newspaper of the BUF, in its coverage of the same speech by Joyce gave devoted most of its attention to his condemnation of democracy and praise for Nazism. On 7 June 1934, violence erupted at a BUF rally at Olympia Park when Communist hecklers who attempted to disrupt a speech by Mosley were beaten up. The Olympia Park rally
15525-429: The BUF, which acquired a thuggish image. The newsreels showed Mosely from his place on the podium expressing his thanks as the hecklers were beaten bloody before his very eyes, which showed the BUF violence was not the work of a few overzealous members, but instead sanctioned by him. In July 1934, Rothermere ended his support of the BUF. The reasons for Rothermere's turn against the BUF have been much debated. Pugh argued
15732-567: The BUF. The paper's support ended after violence at a BUF rally in Kensington Olympia in June 1934. Mosley and many others thought Rothermere had responded to pressure from Jewish businessmen who it was believed had threatened to stop advertising in the paper if it continued to back an anti-Semitic party. The paper editorially continued to oppose the arrival of Jewish refugees escaping Germany, describing their arrival as "a problem to which
15939-601: The Baldwin government was condemned "for the feebleness which it tries to placate opposition by being more Socialist than the Socialists". In 1928, the Daily Mail in a leader praised Mussolini as "the great figure of the age. Mussolini will probably dominate the history of the twentieth century as Napoleon dominated the early nineteen century". By 1929, George Ward Price was writing in the Mail that Baldwin should be deposed and Beaverbrook elected as leader. In early 1930,
16146-668: The Beaverbrook and Rothermere newspapers made a very favourable impression. Duff Cooper won the St. George's by-election by a comfortable margin, which marked the failure of the United Empire party and saved Baldwin's leadership. In the 1930s Rothermere used his newspapers to try to influence British politics, particularly reflecting his strong support of the appeasement of Nazi Germany ; historian Martin Pugh considers him "perhaps
16353-539: The Blackshirts", praising Oswald Mosley for his "sound, commonsense, Conservative doctrine". Rothermere's support for the BUF was a gambit to push the Conservative Party further to the right. The Daily Mail' s coverage of the BUF tended to focus on issues that Rothermere about cared the most such as holding together the British Empire, especially in regard to India. For an example, when William Joyce gave
16560-509: The Blackshirts, like the Daily Mail , appeal to people unaccustomed to thinking. The average Daily Mail reader is a potential Blackshirt ready made. When Lord Rothermere tells his clientele to go and join the Fascists some of them pretty certainly will." In April 1934, the Daily Mail ran a competition entitled "Why I Like The Blackshirts" under which it awarded one pound every week for the best letter from its readers explaining why they liked
16767-455: The British agreed to pull their troops out of Turkey. Rothermere had a fundamentally elitist conception of politics, believing that the natural leaders of Britain were upper class men like himself, and he strongly disapproved of the decision to grant women the right to vote together with the end of the franchise requirements that disfranchised lower-class men. Feeling that British women and lower-class men were not really capable of understanding
16974-547: The British people. Many in England were caught off-guard by Rothermere's impassioned endorsement of the Hungarian cause, and the leader caused immense concern in Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Romania, where it was believed to reflect British government policy. The Czechoslovak Foreign Minister Edvard Beneš was so concerned that he visited London to meet King George V , a man who detested Rothermere and used language that
17181-487: The Budapest newspaper Pesti Hirlap wrote: "Rothermere will have a full chapter of Hungarian history to himself". Another Hungarian journalist, Ferenc Herczeg, wrote: "Ever since Gutenberg invented printing, no other writing had such effect on the human hearts as Rothermere's articles on Hungary!" Rothermere became a revered figure in Hungary and his Christmas message sent from his villa in Palm Beach, Florida in 1928
17388-544: The Congress Party rejected. At the Round Table talks, a consensus emerged that the Raj would hence forward control defense, foreign policy, high finance, internal security, and the civil service along with the ultimate supremacy of London over India with other responsibilities such as health, transportion and education to be assigned to Indians. Through this was far short of independence, it was widely believed at
17595-537: The Conservative central office. The popular image of "flappers" was as frivolous, sex-obsessed young women who were both silly and selfish. After the Conservatives did lose the 1929 election, Rothermere's feud with Baldwin, whom he called a "semi-socialist" and "intoxicated with excitement", reached its height. As the Labour Party under Ramsay MacDonald had not won a majority, a second general election
17802-597: The Conservative rank-and-file, and by the fall of 1930 a number of local Conservative party associations were on the brink of revolt. In October 1930, Baldwin called another leadership vote, which he won with the support of 462 MPs with 116 MPs voting against him. In a by-election in Islington East in February 1931, the United Empire candidate pushed the Conservative candidate into third place, which led to demands that Baldwin resign as Conservative leader. However,
18009-573: The Conservative ranks. However, their newspapers were widely read by Conservatives, so the attacks on Baldwin had considerable effect, all the more as many Tory voters were deeply dissatisfied with his leadership. In a leadership vote in early 1930, Baldwin rejected the demands of the media moguls in a famous speech that accused Rothermere and Beaverbrook of attempting to hijack the Conservative Party: "We are told that unless we make peace with these noblemen, candidates are to be run all over
18216-503: The Conservatives might change their policies on protectionism if he would cease his support of the United Empire Party. Baldwin refused to have any talks with Rothermere, whom he regarded as a megalomaniac with whom it was pointless to negotiate with. Beaverbrook temporarily abandoned his support of the United Empire Party in March 1930, but resumed his alliance with Rothermere in May 1930. In
18423-640: The Continent. Nevertheless, they would do well to remember that the fact of leadership of the Bolshevist campaign against civilization and religion being almost entirely in the hands of men of their blood has done inevitable and incalculable harm to the reputation of the Hebrew race in every country of its adoption." Starting in December 1931, Rothermere opened up talks with Oswald Mosley under which terms
18630-454: The Danzig crisis. The press summaries Ribbentrop provided were particularly important as Ribbentrop had managed to convince Hitler that the British government secretly controlled the British press, and just as in Germany, nothing appeared in the British press that the British government did not want to appear. On 5 May 1946, the Daily Mail celebrated its Golden Jubilee. Winston Churchill was
18837-586: The Foreign Secretary, told Count István Bethlen , the Hungarian Prime Minister: "[Rothermere] always writes in his paper what is popular, but he is often mistaken in that... But Lord Rothermere is the sort of person who will embrace something today, only to drop it tomorrow just as easily". Hungarian diplomats in London noted that most of the readers of the Daily Mail wanted to read about crime, scandal and sensationalism . As such
19044-647: The German economic recovery from the Great Depression was fragile and shallow. During the Spanish Civil War , the Daily Mail ran a photo-essay on 27 July 1936 by Ferdinand Touchy entitled "The Red Carmens, the women who burn churches". Touchy took a series of photographs of Spanish women who joined the Worker's Militia marching up to the front with rifles and ammunition pouches over their shoulders. In an essay that has been widely criticised as misogynistic, Touchy wrote: "The Spanish women has been
19251-690: The Germans establishing a "great national combination under German hegemony" in Eastern Europe in order for "a strong, sane government to set against the pressure of Soviet lunaticism". In gratitude for this foreign support, Hitler granted Rothermere an exclusive interview. In response to criticism of his article, Rothermere used his usual gendered language, praising the Nazis as "manly" while dismissing his critics as "the old women of three countries-France, Germany and our own." Rothermere wrote that Hitler
19458-734: The Great War. In the economic collapse of Russia, Austria, Hungary, the Balkan states, Turkey, Europe, and Asia-and the approaching collapse of Germany we see steadily being unfolded before our eyes a drama fraught with more perilous consequences for the human race than anything recorded in history". He had frequent night-time anxiety attacks, fearing that his wealth (he was one of the richest men in Britain) would diminish overnight, and he would telephone his corporate officer, Sir George Sutton, to demand information about his precise net worth. Any fall in
19665-523: The Hungarian legation staff in London reported that most Daily Mail readers were not interested in revising the Treaty of Trianon, no matter how much Rothermere hammered at the subject. Hohenlohe later described Rothermere as: "erratic, a creature of rapidly changing moods, able to back the idlest of impulses with his millions, open to any suggestion, and perfectly ruthless in carrying out any scheme that might bring him journalistic fame or personal prestige". Despite having never visited it, Rothermere became
19872-431: The Hungarians as he discovered that Hungarian society was dominated by the Magyar nobility and gentry. In particular, Rothermere was impressed by the fact that Hungarian women were not allowed to vote or hold office while franchise requirements ensured that only well-off Hungarian men were allowed to vote and hold office. Rothermere came to have very romantic ideas of Hungarian life, which described in very idealised terms as
20079-497: The Indians could not agree on terms for Dominion status. Muhammad Ali Jinnah of the Muslim League demanded that Indian Muslims have the special status of a "state-within-the-state" together with a certain number of seats reserved for Indian Muslims in the projected Indian Parliament in the proposed Dominion to protect them against the perceived threat of Hindu domination, a demand that Jawaharlal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi of
20286-423: The Indians, chose not to co-ordinate his campaign to depose him with Rothermere and Beaverbrook. The fear of accepting "press dictation" as it was called at the time with policies for the Conservative Party to be decided by leaders in The Daily Mail and The Daily Express was very strong within the ranks of the Conservative leaders and MPs. Despite a general dislike of Baldwin, the possibility of "press dictation"
20493-723: The Irish Sunday newspaper acquired by Associated in 2001, was replaced by an Irish edition of the Mail on Sunday (the Irish Mail on Sunday ), to tie in with the weekday newspaper. Two foreign editions were begun in 1904 and 1905; the former titled the Overseas Daily Mail , covering the world, and the latter titled the Continental Daily Mail , covering Europe and North Africa. Middle-market newspaper A middle-market newspaper caters to
20700-713: The Italian aggression against Greece. On 25 October 1924 the Daily Mail published the Zinoviev letter on its front page, and the newspaper campaigned vigorously against the Labour government of Ramsay MacDonald as being weak against Communism. The Zinoviev letter had been written not in Moscow, but rather in Berlin by Vladimir Gregorivitch Orlov, a Russian émigré who specialised in forgeries designed to provoke distrust and fear of
20907-633: The Jewish race has shown conspicuous political unwisdom since the War. Prominent British Jews have brought great unpopularity upon their community because of clamorous persistence in pressing for maintenance, at the expense of the hard-driven taxpayers, of the Jewish National Home in Palestine, which no Jews above the charity line want at all...Those on the inside of public affairs feel furthermore
21114-674: The Liberals were too pusillanimous in their response to the Tirpitz plan. In 1906, the paper offered £10,000 for the first flight from London to Manchester , followed by a £1,000 prize for the first flight across the English Channel . Punch magazine thought the idea preposterous and offered £10,000 for the first flight to Mars , but by 1910 both the Mail ' s prizes had been won. The paper continued to award prizes for aviation sporadically until 1930. Virginia Woolf criticised
21321-694: The RAF. Rothermere and the Mail were also editorially sympathetic to Oswald Mosley and the British Union of Fascists . Rothermere wrote an article titled "Hurrah for the Blackshirts" published in the Daily Mail on 15 January 1934, praising Mosley for his "sound, commonsense, Conservative doctrine", and pointing out that: "Young men may join the British Union of Fascists by writing to the Headquarters, King's Road, Chelsea, London, S.W." The Spectator condemned Rothermere's article commenting that, "...
21528-465: The Raj was necessary to save India from the Indians, whom The Daily Mail argued were not capable of handling independence. Rothermere took a "no surrender" line in regards to India, using his newspapers and the United Empire Party to advocate no concessions to the Indians. Besides for his support for the Raj, Rothermere believed that the issue of India was Baldwin's "Achilles heel" that would bring him down as Conservative leader. By contrast, Beaverbrook
21735-624: The Sudeten Germans. He accused the Czechs of "sowing the dragon's teeth" as he argued that it was inevitable that Czechoslovakia would fail as it was only natural for the "superior" peoples such as the Magyars and Sudeten Germans to assert themselves. However, Rothermere's main interest was in Hungarian revanchism. Rothermere ended his article with the statement "Return Everything!", which, translated into Magyar as mindent vissza! , became
21942-535: The Sun", Rothermere wrote with approval that Hungary was dominated both politically and economically by its "chivalrous and warlike aristocracy", whom he noted in past centuries had battled the Ottoman Empire , leading him to conclude that all of Europe owned a profound debt to the Hungarian aristocracy which had been "Europe's bastion against which the forces of Mahomet [the Prophet Mohammed] vainly hurled themselves against". Rothermere argued that it unjust that
22149-625: The United Kingdom , dismissed the Daily Mail as "a newspaper produced by office boys for office boys." By 1902, at the end of the Boer Wars , the circulation was over a million, making it the largest in the world. With Harold running the business side of the operation and Alfred as editor, the Mail from the start adopted an imperialist political stance, taking a patriotic line in the Second Boer War , leading to claims that it
22356-541: The United States and Canada plus $ 45 in Hungary, which were quite insufficient to buy a modern aeroplane capable of crossing the Atlantic. At that point, Rothermere stepped in to donate the necessary funds. In 1931, Rothermere paid for a nonstop 3200-mile flight by a Royal Hungarian Air Force Fiat BR. 3 named Justice for Hungary from Harbour Grace in the Dominion of Newfoundland to Budapest on 15 July 1931, which set
22563-530: The Zinoviev letter had cost Labour about 100 seats and been decisive in giving the Conservatives a majority. Both Rothermere and Beaverbrook, the other British press baron, used their newspapers as platforms for promoting their right-wing views, and required their journalists to write about the news in a manner that promoted those views. Of the two, Beaverbrook permitted more dissent in order to retain
22770-487: The alleged dangers said to be posted by Chinese immigration to the United Kingdom. The "Yellow Peril" theme came to be abandoned because the Anglo-German naval race led to a more plausible threat to the British empire to be presented. In common with other Conservative papers, the Daily Mail used the Anglo-German naval race as a way of criticising the Liberal governments that were in power from 1906 onward, claiming that
22977-587: The arguments put forward by Ribbentrop for the return of the former German colonies in Africa, Rothermere published a leader entitled "Germany Must Have Elbow Room". In his leader, Rothermere argued that the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh towards the Reich and claimed that the German economy was being crippled by the loss of the German colonial empire in Africa as he argued that without African colonies to exploit that
23184-527: The assignment to seduce Rothermere. Rothermere strongly supported revision of the Treaty of Trianon in Hungary's favour. On 21 June 1927, he published an editorial in the Daily Mail , "Hungary's Place in the Sun", in which he supported a detailed plan to restore to Hungary large pieces of territory that it had lost at the end of the First World War. That bold pro-Hungarian stance was greeted with ecstatic gratitude in Hungary. In "Hungary's Place in
23391-601: The author of Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management , to search for a supply of timber and a site to build a pulp and paper mill . They found a suitable site at Grand Falls, on the Exploits River , which had been named by John Cartwright in 1768. They bought the land and developed a company town there which became Grand Falls-Windsor . To harvest the timber, Harmsworth founded the Anglo-Newfoundland Corporation, which became one of
23598-447: The average age of its readers was 58, and it had the lowest demographic for 15- to 44-year-olds among the major British dailies . Uniquely for a British daily newspaper, women make up the majority (52–55%) of its readership. It had an average daily circulation of 1.13 million copies in February 2020. Between April 2019 and March 2020 it had an average daily readership of approximately 2.18 million, of whom approximately 1.41 million were in
23805-527: The beginning of the end of "civilisation" itself. The British historian Caroline Brothers wrote that Touchy's article said much about the gender politics of The Daily Mail , which ran his photo-essay and presumably of The Daily Mail' s readers who were expected to approve of the article. In a 1937 article, George Ward Price , the special correspondent of The Daily Mail , approvingly wrote: "The sense of national unity-the Volkgemeinschaft -to which
24012-423: The belief that Baldwin was not sufficiently opposed to Indian independence. In November 1929, when MacDonald proposed Dominion status for India, the Daily Mail ran a frontpage article by Churchill condemning the Dominion status for India as the beginning of the end of the British Empire. To apply further pressure, in February 1930 Rothermere and Beaverbrook founded a new party, the United Empire Party . They threw
24219-631: The belief that Rothermere was in some way speaking for the British government. One man who was better informed was one of Rothermere's principle opponents, the Czechoslovak minister-plenipotentiary in London, Jan Masaryk . Masaryk reported to Prague that Rothermere was not acting on behalf of Whitehall, but rather on behalf of Princess von Hohenlohe. Masaryk described Rothermere as dominated both emotionally and sexually by Hohenlohe, writing that he would do anything to please her, and cynically predicting that he would lose interest in Hungarian revanchism
24426-527: The benefit of the "splendid struggling mothers of Southwark ". In the spring of 1927, while playing roulette at a casino in Monte Carlo , Rothermere met the Princess Stephanie von Hohenlohe , who soon became his mistress. The meeting was no accident; Hohenlohe had gone to Monte Carlo with the aim of seducing Rothermere, and had done extensive advance research on his love life. She bribed
24633-433: The best reporters, while Rothermere was more dictatorial and readily sacked writers who did not use their words to reflect his views. Brooks wrote that the Rothermere press was "conducted like a Byzantium court and not an enterprise nominally for the honest dissemination of news and views" and that under such dictatorial rule "the whole community degenerates into a funk-ridden community of time-servers". In 1923 Rothermere and
24840-477: The chief guest at the banquet and toasted it with a speech. Newsprint rationing in the Second World War had forced the Daily Mail to cut its size to four pages, but the size gradually increased through the 1950s. In 1947, when the Raj ended, the Daily Mail featured a banner headline reading "India: 11 words mark the end of an empire". During the Suez crisis of 1956, the Daily Mail consistently took
25047-502: The compromise was a negotiated instead of legislated settlement, which left open the option that the Anglo-Newfoundland company could always rescind the wage increases. Rothermere was an advocate of British rearmament, especially with the Royal Air Force. The Rothermere newspapers were in the words of Reid Gannon "almost obsessional" in their demands for more spending on the RAF, which reflected Rothemere's belief that air power
25254-493: The context of Anglo-Soviet rivalry. The Daily Mail made such statements as: "[T]he British empire is the prime object of Bolshevist hatred" and "[T]he real evil-doer in China is the Soviet government...These dismal, long-haired criminals who are holding Russia down by terrorism and murder make the mistake of their lives if they imagine the British empire is going to be frightened of their threats and grimaces". Rothermere also used
25461-410: The continuance of the Treaty of Trianon would cause another world war. Rothermere explained his support for Hungary in racial terms, arguing that it was only "natural" for "superior" peoples to dominate "inferior" peoples, and likened the situation with Magyars under Czechoslovak, Yugoslav and Romanian rule as being alike to the situation that would occur if people from Britain's colonies were ruling over
25668-455: The country. The Lloyd George candidates at the last election smelt; these will stink. The challenge has been issued... I accept, just as I accepted the challenge of the TUC". In a speech at Caxton Hall in June 1930, he read out the letter from Rothermere demanding the right to veto members of a potential Conservative cabinet and commented that: "There is nothing more curious in modern evolution than
25875-529: The crisis in China as a way to criticise Baldwin, declaring in a leader: "The trouble in China is that there really is no government, and consequently nothing to protect that unhappy country against the Bolsheviks... Are we much better off in this country?" Rothermere in a leader conceded that Fascist methods were "not suited to a country like our own", but qualified his remark with the statement, "if our northern cities became Bolshevik we would need them". In
26082-520: The destructive heroine of the opera Carmen and with Communism, writing the "Red Carmens" proved the amorality of the Spanish Republic, which had preached gender equality. For Touchy, women to fight in a war was to reject their femininity, leading him to label these women as monstrous as he accused the "Red Carmens" of "sexual depravity", writing with utter horror at the possibility of these women engaging in premarital sex, which for him marked
26289-406: The detention of political prisoners. Alongside his support for Nazi Germany as the "bulwark against Bolshevism", Rothermere used The Daily Mail as a forum to champion his pet cause, namely a stronger Royal Air Force (RAF). Rothermere had decided that aerial war was the technology of the future, and throughout the 1930s The Daily Mail was described as "obsessional" in pressing for more spending on
26496-562: The development of the Daily Mail and the Daily Mirror . Rothermere was a pioneer of popular tabloid journalism , and his descendants continue to control the Daily Mail and General Trust . Two of Rothermere's three sons were killed in action during the First World War and in the 1930s, he advocated peaceful relations between Germany and the United Kingdom , and used his media influence to that end. He became known for his open support for fascism and praise for Nazi Germany and
26703-582: The early nineteen century". In 1926 Harmsworth sold his magazine concern, Amalgamated Press , and moved into the field of provincial newspaper publishing. In 1928 he founded Northcliffe Newspapers Ltd and announced that he intended to launch a chain of evening newspapers in the main provincial cities. There then ensued the so-called "newspaper war" of 1928–29, which culminated in Harmsworth establishing new evening papers in Bristol and Derby and gaining
26910-494: The editorial side of the paper was fully engaged in promoting the benefits of modern appliances and technology to free its female readers from the drudgery of housework. The Mail maintained the event until selling it to Media 10 in 2009. As Lord Northcliffe aged, his grip on the paper slackened and there were periods when he was not involved. His physical and mental health declined rapidly in 1921, and he died in August 1922 at age 57. His brother Lord Rothermere took full control of
27117-432: The effect of an enormous fortune rapidly made and the control of newspapers of your own... It goes to your head like wine, and you'll find in all these cases attempts have been made outside the province of journalism to dictate, to dominate, to blackmail... A more preposterous and insolent demand has never been made on the leader of any political party. I repudiate it with contempt and I will fight that attempt at domination to
27324-522: The end". Baldwin won the support of the Conservative MPs, but only with 150 MPs voting for him and 80 against. The MacDonald government brought forward a conference known as the Round Table, which for the first time proposed giving the Indians at least some say in the ruling of India, a policy that Baldwin was prepared to support with reservations. Much to Rothermere's glee, the proposal for Dominion status for India fell through largely because
27531-518: The failures of the Allies in the Dardanelles campaign, and demanded that the Allies leave Gallipoli. The defeat in the Dardanelles seriously damaged Churchill's reputation, and as Harmsworth supported his brother, his friendship with Churchill soured. However, Rothermere remained in contact with Churchill and employed him from time to time as a special writer on aviation for the Daily Mail . For
27738-607: The first flight across the Atlantic, winning a prize of £10,000 from the Daily Mail . In 1930 the Mail made a great story of another aviation stunt, awarding another prize of £10,000 to Amy Johnson for making the first solo flight from England to Australia. The Daily Mail had begun the Ideal Home Exhibition in 1908. At first, Northcliffe had disdained this as a publicity stunt to sell advertising and he refused to attend. But his wife exerted pressure upon him and he changed his view, becoming more supportive. By 1922
27945-683: The first person to fly from London to Manchester. Harmsworth was created a baronet , of Horsey in the County of Norfolk , in 1910. In 1914 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Rothermere, of Hemsted in the County of Kent ; in 1919 he was made Viscount Rothermere. The politician Rothermere was closest to before the First World War was Winston Churchill , the First Lord of the Admiralty. In 1915, Rothermere wrote to Churchill asking him to promote one of his former reporters, Jack Kruse, to
28152-548: The franchise requirements that had disenfranchised lower-class men; a Daily Mail leader declared: "[Q]uite a few people now possess the vote who ought never to have been given it". He started to lose faith in democracy, fearing that with the extended franchise, the rise of the Labour Party that had begun with the 1918 election might culminate in the formation of a hitherto unthinkable Labour government. As Collin Brooks,
28359-419: The full support of their newspapers behind the United Empire Party in an attempt to split the Conservative Party with the objective of bringing down Baldwin, either forcing his resignation or having him deposed by the Conservative MPs. Beaverbrook and Rothermere then intended to impose a puppet leader upon the Conservative Party who would serve their interests, an aspiration which generated much opposition within
28566-418: The hostage of the two "press barons". Rothermere's reputation as a megalomaniac with erratic tendencies helped to win Baldwin a measure of sympathy despite the widespread belief that he was an incompetent leader with many Conservatives seeing him as "too timid, weak and pacifist". Baldwin was also helped by the fact that Winston Churchill, one of the Conservative "die-hards" opposed to any devolution of power to
28773-465: The influence of his Hungarian mistress, Countess Stephanie von Hohenlohe , took up the cause of Hungary as his own, publishing a leader on 21 June 1927 entitled "Hungary's Place in the Sun". In "Hungary's Place in the Sun", he approvingly noted that Hungary was dominated both politically and economically by its "chivalrous and warlike aristocracy", whom he noted in past centuries had battled the Ottoman Empire, leading him to conclude that all of Europe owned
28980-422: The influence of his mistress, Rothermere took up the cause of Hungarian revanchism against the Treaty of Trianon as his own. The Hungarian leaders were determined to undo the Treaty of Trianon, but the weakness of the Hungarian military made war impossible as an option. In the 1920s, the Royal Hungarian Army consisted of 9 brigades with no tanks, no heavy artillery and no aircraft whose potential opponents were
29187-410: The inroads of Bolshevism which would have left Europe in ruins...in my judgment he saved the entire Western world. It was because Mussolini overthrew Bolshevism in Italy that it collapsed in Hungary and ceased to gain adherents in Bavaria and Prussia". In the summer of 1923, the Daily Mail supported the Italian occupation of Corfu and condemned the British government for at least rhetorically opposing
29394-442: The inroads of Bolshevism which would have left Europe in ruins...in my judgment he saved the entire Western world. It was because Mussolini overthrew Bolshevism in Italy that it collapsed in Hungary and ceased to gain adherents in Bavaria and Prussia". In 1923, the newspaper supported the Italian occupation of Corfu and condemned the British government for at least rhetorically opposing the Italian attack on Greece. On 25 October 1924,
29601-497: The issues, Rothermere started to lose faith in democracy. In October 1922, the Daily Mail approved of the Fascist " March on Rome " as the newspaper argued that democracy had failed in Italy, thus requiring Benito Mussolini to set up his Fascist dictatorship to save the social order. In 1923, Rothermere published a leader in The Daily Mail entitled "What Europe Owes Mussolini", where he wrote about his "profound admiration" for Mussolini, whom he praised for "in saving Italy he stopped
29808-495: The journalist whom Rothermere had appointed as his official biographer, wrote: "His prevailing mood was politically one of the deepest pessimism and personally of almost uproarious social mirth. He was convinced that Britain had entered a phase of decline, had lost her old militant virtues, and in her softness, was lusting after strange idols of pacifism, nationalisation, and everything which would sap self-reliance... His family had at one time all been nominal Liberals, but he among them
30015-416: The lands lost under the Treaty of Trianon, which caused immediate concern in Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Romania, where it was believed that his leader reflected British government policy. Additionally, he took up the cause of the Sudeten Germans, stating that the Sudetenland should go to Germany. The Czechoslovak Foreign Minister Edvard Beneš was so concerned that he visited London to meet King George V,
30222-407: The largest corporations in Newfoundland. In 1903, the first flight took place, and the new technology of aviation was eagerly followed. Harmsworth was amongst those fascinated with aviation, and in 1906 came up with the idea of having the Harmsworth newspapers offer a prize of £1,000 to the first person to fly across the English Channel . He followed this challenge with another offering £10,000 for
30429-465: The last years of the Liberal era as it was argued Italy had a series of weak liberal and conservative governments that made concessions to the Italian Socialist Party such as granting universal male suffrage in 1912 whose "only result was to hasten the arrival of disorder". In the same article, Baldwin was compared to the Italian prime ministers of the Liberal era as the article argued that the General Strike of 1926 should never have been allowed to occur and
30636-420: The leaders of those nations continued to harbor the belief that Rothermere was in some way speaking for the British government. One of the major themes of The Daily Mail was the opposition to the Indian independence movement and much of Rothermere's opposition to Baldwin was based upon the belief that Baldwin was not sufficiently opposed to Indian independence. In 1930, Rothermere wrote a series of leaders under
30843-439: The lunatics has ended". Many Conservative voters and MPs wanted to replace Baldwin with Chamberlain, who was seen as a rising star within the Tory ranks. Through many urged Chamberlain to challenge Baldwin, he refused despite having excellent chances as he felt that to depose Baldwin at this point would be seen as the "revolting" triumph of Rothermere and Beaverbrook and to win the Conservative leadership at this time would make him
31050-421: The moment he found himself a new mistress. In a letter dated 30 April 1928, Rothermere admitted to Hohenlohe: "As I have already told you on several occasions, my interest in Hungary was aroused principally by you. I had no idea that the enumeration of Hungary's woes and her unfair treatment would trigger off such worldwide sympathy". In Geneva to attend sessions of the League of Nations , Sir Austen Chamberlain ,
31257-435: The monarchy in Hungary, then there is only one man able to do so-Esmond Harmsworth. No Habsburg or a royal prince from somewhere can accomplish it". Mussolini declared his support for making a Harmsworth the king of Hungary, seeing it as a way to bring British support for Hungarian revisionism. The plan to make Esmond a king was vetoed by the Magyar nobility. The ancient aristocratic families of Hungary were unwilling to accept
31464-564: The most influential single propagandist for fascism between the wars". In 1937, the Daily Mail had a daily circulation of 1,580,000 subscribers and was the only popular broadsheet newspaper with a predominantly middle-class readership, making Rothermere into an influential media mogul. The British historian Richard Griffiths made a distinction between "enthusiasts" for fascism, which were a group of mostly upper class British people who favoured closer ties with Nazi Germany and usually (but not always) also favoured having Britain adopt fascism vs.
31671-441: The most likely explanation was that Rothermere had wanted to use the BUF as a wedge to pull the Conservative Party further to the right, and after the violence at the Olympia Park it was evident that the BUF could not play that role. Pugh argued that it was very unlikely that Rothermere was opposed to violence per se , noting the way in which he and his newspapers always found a way to justify Nazi violence as his newspapers portrayed
31878-402: The new Nazi regime's accomplishments, and was subsequently used as propaganda by them. In it, Rothermere predicted that "The minor misdeeds of individual Nazis would be submerged by the immense benefits the new regime is already bestowing upon Germany". Journalist John Simpson , in a book on journalism, suggested that Rothermere was referring to the violence against Jews and Communists rather than
32085-428: The newspaper and its insurance fund. The Mail was also a frequent sponsor on continental commercial radio stations targeted towards Britain throughout the 1920s and 1930s and periodically voiced support for the legalisation of private radio, something that would not happen until 1973. From 1923, Lord Rothermere and the Daily Mail formed an alliance with the other great press baron, Lord Beaverbrook . Their opponent
32292-429: The newspaper established an early example of an offshore radio station aboard a yacht, both as a means of self-promotion and as a way to break the BBC's monopoly. However, the project failed as the equipment was not able to provide a decent signal from overboard, and the transmitter was replaced by a set of speakers. The yacht spent the summer entertaining beach-goers with gramophone records interspersed with publicity for
32499-403: The next year bought the Hulton newspaper chain, which gave him control of three national morning newspapers, three national Sunday newspapers, two London evening papers, four provincial daily newspapers, and three provincial Sunday newspapers. To pay the death duties on Northcliffe's estate, Rothermere sold the Associated Press and The Times . Rothermere was the third richest man in Britain with
32706-475: The paper of being disloyal to the country. When Kitchener died, the Mail reported it as a great stroke of luck for the British Empire. The paper was critical of Asquith's conduct of the war, and he resigned on 5 December 1916. His successor David Lloyd George asked Northcliffe to be in his cabinet, hoping it would prevent him from criticising the government. Northcliffe declined. According to Piers Brendon : Light-hearted stunts enlivened Northcliffe, such as
32913-419: The paper. In the Chanak Crisis of 1922, Britain almost went to war with Turkey. The Prime Minister David Lloyd George , supported by the War Secretary Winston Churchill , were determined to go to war over the Turkish demand that the British leave their occupation zone with Churchill sending out telegrams asking for Canada, Australia and New Zealand to all send troops for the expected war. George Ward Price ,
33120-424: The party altogether". Baldwin made rejecting "the preposterous and insolent demands" of the "press lords" his signature issue. Though Baldwin was unpopular within his party, the campaign by Rothermere and Beaverbrook to depose him and replace him with a puppet leader who would do their bidding was even more unpopular. Most Conservative MPs and party members did not relish the prospect of their party being turned into
33327-452: The peoples of the other British colonies in Asia, Africa, and the Americas would also demand independence. The decision of MacDonald to open the Round Table Talks in 1930 was greeted by The Daily Mail as the beginning of the end of Britain as a great power. As part of its crusade against Indian independence, The Daily Mail published a series of articles portraying the peoples of India as ignorant, barbarous, filthy and fanatical, arguing that
33534-402: The precise purpose of the United Empire Party as he could never quite decide if he wanted to depose Baldwin or just be afforded the respect he felt he deserved within the Conservative Party. Beaverbrook felt that his origins as a self-made millionaire Canadian businessman made him an outsider in the Conservative Party. Rothermere by contrast was committed to deposing Baldwin and replacing him with
33741-459: The rank of captain in the Royal Naval Division , a request that was granted. The ill-fated Dardanelles campaign, which Churchill had promoted, led to a break in their friendship. By the fall of 1915, the Battle of Gallipoli degenerated into a stalemate with the Allies unable to advance up the heights of Gallipoli while the Ottomans were unable to push the Allies back into the sea. Rothermere's brother Lord Northcliffe used his newspapers to document
33948-442: The rivalry between the Daily Mail and the Daily Express . When Aitken was raised to the peerage in 1917 as Baron Beaverbrook, Harmsworth, by then Baron Rothermere, served as one of his sponsors when he first entered the House of Lords . Aitken regarded him as the more relatable of the two brothers. In 1904, on behalf of his elder brother Alfred, Harmsworth travelled to Newfoundland with Mayson Beeton, son of Isabella Beeton ,
34155-512: The stock-market prices in the city or reports of economic trouble anywhere in the world caused him to demand immediate reassurances that steps were being taken to save his fortune. Sutton would assure him that he was taking such steps and that his fortune was secur, and then go back to sleep. The Rothermere newspapers promoted a narrative of 'national degeneration'. A typical story in the Evening Standard , headlined in capital letters "WHITE GIRLS 'HYPNOTISED' BY YELLOW MEN", recounted what it called
34362-405: The textile mills would lose access to the Indian market. In the Home Counties and in the resort towns, a disproportionate number of the members of the executive boards of the local Conservative constituency associations were either former civil servants of the Raj or retired Indian Army officers, both of whom had strong fears about the potential loss of "the jewel in the crown of the Empire" as India
34569-454: The time that this was the first step towards Indian independence and generated much opposition from the "die-hards" opposed to the Indians having any role in ruling India. In 1930, Rothermere wrote a series of leaders under the title "If We Lose India!", claiming that granting India independence would be the end of Britain as a great power. In addition, Rothermere predicted that Indian independence would end worldwide white supremacy as inevitably,
34776-403: The title "If We Lose India!", claiming that granting India independence would be the end of Britain as a great power. In addition, Rothermere predicted that Indian independence would end worldwide white supremacy as inevitably, the peoples of the other British colonies in Asia, Africa, and the Americas would also demand independence. The decision of the Labour Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald to open
34983-442: The two Lords launched the United Empire Party , which the Daily Mail supported enthusiastically. Like Lord Beaverbrook, Rothemere was outraged by Baldwin's centre-right style of Conservatism and his decision to respond to almost universal suffrage by expanding the appeal of the Conservative Party. Far from seeing giving women the right to vote as the disaster Rothermere believed that it was, Baldwin set out to appeal to female voters,
35190-402: The unity of the British empire. Britain was governed by a Liberal-Conservative coalition, and the opposition of the Daily Mail , which normally supported the Conservatives, caused many Tories to reconsider continuing the coalition government of Lloyd George. The Chanek crisis ended with the Conservatives pulling out of the coalition, causing Lloyd George's downfall and with Britain backing down as
35397-426: The way that the United Empire party candidate had divided the right-way vote in Islington East to give a normally safe Tory seat to Labour generated a strong reaction within the Conservative ranks. Both Rothermere and Beaverbrook were considered to be useful to the Conservative party because of their vast wealth and newspaper empires, but at the same time, their efforts to threaten MPs via unfavourable newspaper coverage
35604-496: The website is managed separately and has its own editor. The paper is owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust . Jonathan Harmsworth, 4th Viscount Rothermere , a great-grandson of one of the original co-founders, is the chairman and controlling shareholder of the Daily Mail and General Trust, while day-to-day editorial decisions for the newspaper are usually made by a team led by the editor. Ted Verity succeeded Geordie Greig as editor on 17 November 2021. A survey in 2014 found
35811-405: The westerners in Beijing together with the thousands of Chinese Christians had been under siege by the Boxers. Before the outbreak of the First World War , the paper was accused of warmongering when it reported that Germany was planning to crush the British Empire . When war began, Northcliffe's call for conscription was seen by some as controversial, although he was vindicated when conscription
36018-531: The young men and women of England are discovering, that is no good trusting the old politicians. Accordingly, they have formed, as I should like to see our British youth form, a parliamentary party of their own...We can do nothing to check this movement [the Nazis], and I believe it would be a blunder for the British people to take up an attitude of hostility towards it". Rothermere expressed the hope that Hitler would soon become German chancellor. He praised Hitler's foreign policy goals as he wrote that he wanted to see
36225-466: The young men and women of England are discovering, that is no good trusting the old politicians. Accordingly, they have formed, as I should like to see our British youth form, a parliamentary party of their own...We can do nothing to check this movement [the Nazis], and I believe it would be a blunder for the British people to take up an attitude of hostility towards it." Starting in December 1931, Rothermere opened up talks with Oswald Mosley under which terms
36432-612: Was a friend of Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler , and directed the Mail's editorial stance towards them in the early 1930s. Lord Rothermere took an extreme anti-Communist line, which led him to own an estate in Hungary to which he might escape to in case Britain was conquered by the Soviet Union. Shortly after the Nazis scored their breakthrough in the Reichstag elections on 14 September 1930 , winning 107 seats, Rothermere went to Munich to interview Hitler. In an article published in Daily Mail on 24 September 1930, Rothemere wrote: "These young Germans have discovered, as I am glad to note that
36639-495: Was a man who was changing the world for the better and his critics were motivated only by jealousy as he wrote: "A new idea invariably produces this effect upon the pompous pundits who pontificate in our weekly reviews and those old-fashioned morning newspapers whose sales and influence alike steadily sink month by month towards the vanishing point". On 5 October 1930, Rothermere published an article in The Daily Mail where he denied being anti-semitic, but wrote: "I freely admit that
36846-420: Was a psychologically troubled man with his maniacal mood swings; an inability to have lasting relationships; and a tendency towards hysteria. Rothermere's political pessimism led him to fear imminent economic as well as political collapse. In November 1921, he wrote to Beaverbrook: "My own opinion is that we are on the threshold of the world slump. In its momentous consequences it is I am sure going to dwarf even
37053-432: Was a right-wing revolutionary who planned to use Rothermere to obtain power and then disregard him. In 1932, Rothermere sent Princess von Hohenlohe to contact the deposed German emperor, Wilhelm II , to discuss a scheme to effect a restoration of the monarchy once Hitler came to power. Rothermere believed that Hitler was a monarchist who was committed to restoring the House of Hohenzollern and volunteered his services as
37260-603: Was a temperamental Tory of the Johnsonian school". Two of Rothermere's sons died as a result of their service in the First World War. Vere Harmsworth served in the Royal Naval Division and was killed in action on 16 November 1916 during the Second Battle of Cambrai . Vyvyan Harmsworth died in 1918 of wounds he had taken in 1916. To add to his stress, Rothermere's marriage broke down as his wife, Lillian, had an affair with his younger brother, St. John. Britain's strict divorce laws, which were not relaxed until 1967, would have required him to prove his wife's adultery in court to secure
37467-406: Was absorbed by its sister title, and English became editor of the Mail , a post in which he remained for more than 20 years. English transformed it from a struggling newspaper selling half as many copies as its mid-market rival, the Daily Express , to a formidable publication, whose circulation rose to surpass that of the Express by the mid-1980s. English was knighted in 1982. The paper enjoyed
37674-655: Was an 'enthusiast' for fascism as his views were those of a private individual outside of the government. Rothermere visited and corresponded with Adolf Hitler on multiple occasions, such as after the 1930 elections that saw the Nazi Party dramatically increase the number of its seats in the Reichstag , which Rothermere welcomed. Shortly after the Nazis scored their breakthrough in the Reichstag elections on 14 September 1930, winning 107 seats, Rothermere went to Munich to interview Hitler. In an article published in Daily Mail on 24 September 1930, Rothermere wrote: "These young Germans have discovered, as I am glad to note that
37881-455: Was an active member of the Sylvan Debating Club , founded by his father. He first attended as a visitor in 1882 and later served as treasurer. He was educated at St Marylebone Grammar School , which he left to become a clerk for the Board of Trade . In 1888 he joined his elder brother Alfred's newspaper company, and in 1894 he and his brother purchased the Evening News for £25,000. In 1896 Harmsworth and his brother Alfred together founded
38088-484: Was considered to be a form of crass backmail. In March 1931, a by-election was called for the constituency of St. George's. The by-election was widely seen as a sort of referendum on Baldwin's leadership, and both Rothermere and Beaverbrook aggressively used their newspapers to campaign for the United Empire Party candidate. Sensing defeat, the Conservative candidate dropped out, and for a time Baldwin considered running. Alfred Duff Cooper volunteered instead and ran as
38295-417: Was disgusted by the National Government, which he saw as a result of an "unholy alliance" between MacDonald and Baldwin. Rothermere was furious that the government kept giving the Indians more power, which he believed to be the first steps towards independence. Finally, Rothermere believed that the Conservative Party that he joined as a young man no longer existed as he regarded the modern Conservative party as
38502-401: Was disliked even more. In the Bromley by-election of September 1930, the Rothermere newspapers campaigned hard for the United Empire Party candidate, who came close to defeating the Conservative candidate. Though most Conservative leaders were determined not to see Baldwin replaced with a puppet of Rothermere and Beaverbrook, there was a deep dissatisfaction with Baldwin's leadership amongst
38709-516: Was equally egotistical wanted Rothermere's support, but only on his own terms. The talks required the intervention of the Italian ambassador in London, Dino Grandi , who served as a mediator between Mosley and Rothermere. Grandi in his reports to Mussolini about the talks compared Rothermere to playing a role analogous to the Italian conservatives and liberals who wanted to use the Fascist movement to crush Socialism in Italy and abolish democracy while he compared Mosley to Il Duce , reporting that Mosley
38916-408: Was expected at any moment. Rothermere demanded that Baldwin submit to him a list of potential cabinet ministers and allow him the power of veto in exchange for the support of his newspapers, a demand that Baldwin rejected. One of the major themes of The Daily Mail during Rothermere's proprietorship was support for the continuance of the Raj and much of Rothermere's opposition to Baldwin was based upon
39123-460: Was first published on 4 May 1896. It was an immediate success. It cost a halfpenny at a time when other London dailies cost one penny, and was more populist in tone and more concise in its coverage than its rivals. The planned issue was 100,000 copies, but the print run on the first day was 397,215, and additional printing facilities had to be acquired to sustain a circulation that rose to 500,000 in 1899. Lord Salisbury , 19th-century Prime Minister of
39330-463: Was in combining the Royal Flying Corps of the British Army with the Royal Naval Air Service to create a third service to be called the Royal Air Force . He was ejected from the cabinet after only five months. In 1921, he founded the Anti-Waste League to combat what he saw as excessive government spending. When his elder brother died in 1922 without an heir, Harmsworth acquired his controlling interest in Associated Newspapers for £1.6 million, and
39537-427: Was introduced in 1916. On 21 May 1915, Northcliffe criticised Lord Kitchener , the Secretary of State for War , regarding weapons and munitions. Kitchener was considered by some to be a national hero. The paper's circulation dropped from 1,386,000 to 238,000. Fifteen hundred members of the London Stock Exchange burned unsold copies and called for a boycott of the Harmsworth Press. Prime Minister H. H. Asquith accused
39744-417: Was more interested in promoting a protectionist policy of imperial preference for the British empire as the best way of resolving the Great Depression and while opposed to Indian independence was open towards the Indians having a say in ruling India. Baldwin responded to Rothermere's attacks by citing numerous false statements made about his views of India in The Daily Mail . Beaverbrook was hesitant about
39951-402: Was named as executive producer. The program was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Entertainment News Program in 2018. In May 2020, the Daily Mail ended The Sun's 42-year reign as the United Kingdom's highest-circulation newspaper. The Daily Mail recorded average daily sales of 980,000 copies, with the Mail on Sunday recording weekly sales of 878,000. In August 2022,
40158-400: Was not reporting the issues of the day objectively. The Mail also set out to entertain its readers with human interest stories, serials, features and competitions. It was the first newspaper to recognise the potential market of the female reader with a women's interest section and hired one of the first female war correspondents Sarah Wilson who reported during the Second Boer War. In 1900,
40365-410: Was not the first time the BUF had engaged in violence, but it was the first time the violence was recorded by the film cameras, and in the week that followed the newsreel footage of the Olympia Park rally was widely shown in cinemas all over Britain. The newsreel footage of the hecklers being assaulted by the Blackshirts while Mosley clearly approved of the violence did much to turn public opinion against
40572-402: Was now in doubt, but in 1931 Duff Cooper won the key by-election at St George's, Westminster , beating the United Empire Party candidate, Sir Ernest Petter , supported by Rothermere, and this broke the political power of the press barons. In 1927, the celebrated picture of the year Morning by Dod Procter was bought by the Daily Mail for the Tate Gallery . In 1927, Rothermere, under
40779-474: Was often called. A recurring memory for the Conservative MPs in such areas was being "hustled by their constituents who read the Rothermere press". Starting in 1933, Rothermere used his newspapers to produce vivid, dramatic and apocalyptic accounts of strategical bombing, which vastly exaggerated the power of bombing. In November 1933, an article under his name appeared in The Daily Mail which warned: "If we fail to fill this vital gap in our national defense it
40986-414: Was outraged by the report, and threatened to shut down the Anglo-Newfoundland company's operations as he observed that there were other places in the world where it was possible to buy paper and pulp. There were also fears that the publication of the report would set off a strike in Grand Falls. The commission brokered a compromise under which the loggers were to be paid 25 Newfoundland dollars per month, but
41193-426: Was printed on the front page of every Hungarian newspaper. From Palm Beach, Rothermere issued a statement: "The day of liberation will come. My meetings here with representatives of public opinion here has convinced me that the sympathy of world will be on Hungary's side, if Hungary were to make a demand for the revision of the Treaty of Trianon". As he came to learn more about Hungary, Rothermere became infatuated with
41400-408: Was relaunched in 1995; it is printed in Glasgow. It had an average circulation of 67,900 in the area of Scotland in December 2019. The Daily Mail officially entered the Irish market with the launch of a local version of the paper on 6 February 2006; free copies of the paper were distributed on that day in some locations to publicise the launch. Its masthead differed from that of UK versions by having
41607-432: Was so crude and "unkingy" that Beneš had to report to Prague that he could not possibly repeat the king's remarks in print. In fact, Rothermere's "Justice for Hungary" campaign, which he continued until February 1939, was a source of disquiet for the Foreign Office, which complained that British relations with Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Romania were constantly strained as the leaders of those nations continued to harbour
41814-400: Was switched from Edinburgh to the Deansgate plant in Manchester in 1968 and, for a while, The People was also printed on the Mail presses in Deansgate. In 1987, printing at Deansgate ended, and the northern editions were thereafter printed at other Associated Newspapers plants. For a time in the early 20th century, the paper championed vigorously against the " Yellow Peril ", warning of
42021-440: Was that concessions to socialists whatever in Italy or the United Kingdom only caused chaos, and Britain needed a leader like Mussolini who would presumably ban the Labour Party, just as Mussolini had banned the Italian Socialist Party. In 1928, the Daily Mail in a leader written by Rothermere praised Mussolini as "the great figure of the age. Mussolini will probably dominate the history of the twentieth century as Napoleon dominated
42228-414: Was the Conservative Party politician and leader Stanley Baldwin . Rothermere in a leader conceded that Fascist methods were "not suited to a country like our own", but qualified his remark with the statement, "if our northern cities became Bolshevik we would need them". In an article in 1927 celebrating five years of Fascism in Italy, it was argued that there were parallels between modern Britain and Italy in
42435-529: Was the technology of the future that would decide wars. However, the principal enemy Rothermere envisioned as the most likely was the Soviet Union, not Germany. Rothermere believed that there was a serious possibility of the Soviet Union conquering Great Britain, which led him to purchase an estate in Hungary, to which he might escape to if such an event occurred. In the 1930s Rothermere fought for increased defence spending by Britain. He wrote about it in his 1939 book My Fight to Rearm Britain . He seemed to regard
42642-410: Was to hasten the arrival of disorder". In the same article, Baldwin was compared to the Italian prime ministers of the Liberal era as the article argued that the General Strike of 1926 should never have been allowed to occur and the Baldwin government was condemned "for the feebleness which it tries to placate opposition by being more Socialist than the Socialists". The clear implication of the article
42849-425: Was very strongly opposed to the Baldwin government's decision to lower the age of female suffrage from 30 to 21, using his newspapers to undermine Baldwin's leadership by warning that allowing young women to vote would swing the 1929 election to the Labour Party. Rothermere's campaign against the "flapper vote" resounded strongly with much of the Conservative base, and resulted in a number of messages of opposition to
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