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Alicia, Isabela

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97-528: Alicia , officially the Municipality of Alicia ( Ilocano : Ili ti Alicia ; Tagalog : Bayan ng Alicia ; formerly known as Angadanan Viejo ), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Isabela , Philippines . According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 73,874 people. The municipality is located in an area of predominantly flat and fertile land in the Cagayan Valley that

194-528: A convent of bricks, though not totally finished. Its church is timber, wood, and bamboo. The number of inhabitants is 791." The church and convent as seen today in the town of Alicia, beautiful and antique, was built by Fr. Tomas Calderon, OP and inaugurated in 1849, with Fr. Francisco Gainza, OP, then vicar of Carig (now Santiago City ). The church was dedicated to the Nuestra Señora de Atocha , more popularly known today as Our Lady of Atocha . The church

291-456: A former municipal president (mayor) of Ilagan was appointed as the first governor. The act then re-established Ilagan as the provincial capital. On November 13, 1925, Gaffud approved a resolution filed by all Municipal Presidents of the Isabela (the counterpart of the present-day Mayor's League ) following a four-day convention. The resolution called for the erection of a monument in honor of

388-628: A hundred years after the Spanish acquired them. In its desire to serve its parishioners, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ilagan hosted a Social Action Center which would help the farmers. In the Social Action Center's newsletter, the "Courier," researcher Sabino Padilla Jr. documented and exposed the ways by which Cojuangco, Carag, the provincial government, and the military harassed the farmers who were supposed to get

485-830: A million speakers), was allowed to be used as a medium of instruction until the second grade. It is recognized by the Commission on the Filipino Language as one of the major languages of the Philippines . Constitutionally, Ilocano is an auxiliary official language in the regions where it is spoken and serves as auxiliary media of instruction therein. In 2009, the Department of Education instituted Department Order No. 74, s. 2009 stipulating that "mother tongue-based multilingual education" would be implemented. In 2012, Department Order No. 16, s. 2012 stipulated that

582-889: A non-English language at home speak Ilocano, making it the most spoken non-English language in the state. In September 2012, the province of La Union became the first in the Philippines to pass an ordinance recognizing Ilocano (Iloko) as an official provincial language, alongside Filipino and English. This ordinance aims to protect and revitalize the Ilocano language, although other languages, such as Pangasinan , Kankanaey , and Ibaloi , are also spoken in La Union. The modern Ilokano alphabet consists of 29 letters: Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, LLll, Mm, Nn, Ññ, NGng, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, and Zz Pre-colonial Ilocano people of all classes wrote in

679-601: A pivotal role in preserving and publishing Ilocano literary works, including the earliest known text of Biag ni Lam-ang . While there is no official dialectology for Ilocano, the usually agreed dialects of Ilocano are two, which are differentiated only by the way the letter e is pronounced. In the Amianan (Northern) dialect, there exist only five vowels while the older Abagatan (Southern) dialect employs six. Reduplicate vowels are not slurred together, but voiced separately with an intervening glottal stop: The letter in bold

776-562: A population of 158,218 people making it the most populous city in the province and the second most-populous in Cagayan Valley after Tuguegarao . As of 2022, it also had the most number of voters in the province with 101,050 electorates. With a total land area of 116,626 hectares (288,190 acres), it is the largest city on the island of Luzon and the fourth largest city in land area in the Philippines, after Davao City , Puerto Princesa , and Zamboanga City . From an inversion of

873-502: A provincial wide payout in the three cities and 34 municipalities of the province of Isabela . AICS assisted more than 42,000 individuals amounting to a total of P140 million in payout which included assistance for Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (ARBs), Persons with Disabilities (PWDs), Indigenous Peoples (IPs), teachers, the transport sector, and fishermen; and collaborate with partner agencies. The BPSF also included other province-wide activities such as scholarship programs from

970-478: A soldier, and Victoria , who later became First Lady for her father), Doña Alicia was one of many civilians massacred by Japanese occupiers on 9 February 1945 during the Battle of Manila . Alicia was the second site of the town of Angadanan, which was initially founded in the mid-18th century as a settlement in present-day Nueva Vizcaya, between the towns of Bagabag and Bayombong . The town took its name from

1067-557: A syllabic system known as Baybayin prior to European arrival. They used a system that is termed as an abugida , or an alphasyllabary. It was similar to the Tagalog and Pangasinan scripts, where each character represented a consonant-vowel, or CV, sequence. The Ilocano version, however, was the first to designate coda consonants with a diacritic mark – a cross or virama – shown in the Doctrina Cristiana of 1621, one of

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1164-467: A syllable onset or coda . The phoneme /h/ is a borrowed sound (except in the negative variant haan ) and rarely occurs in coda position. Although the Spanish word reloj 'clock' would have been heard as [re.loh] , the final /h/ is dropped resulting in /re.lo/ . However, this word also may have entered the Ilokano lexicon at early enough a time that the word was still pronounced /re.loʒ/ , with

1261-429: A translation of St. Vincent Ferrer’s sermons by Fr. Antonio Mejia. The 19th century witnessed the rise of Leona Florentino , who has been recognized as the " National Poetess of the Philippines ," although her sentimental poetry received criticism from modern readers for lacking depth and structure. The early 20th century brought forth notable Ilocano writers such as Manuel Arguilla , whose prose effectively captured

1358-517: A vibrant reflection of the rich cultural heritage and history of the Ilocano people, tracing its origins to their animistic past. It encompasses a profound backdrop of mythology, folklore, and superstition, all rooted in a tradition of oral history shaped by cultural evolution. Key narratives include creation myths featuring figures such as Aran, Angalo, and Namarsua, the Creator, alongside tales of benevolent and malevolent spirits that are integral to

1455-715: Is laud /la.ʔud/ ('west'). Also, u in final stressed syllables can be pronounced [o], like [dɐ.ˈnom] for danum ('water'). The two vowels are not highly differentiated in native words due to fact that /o/ was an allophone of /u/ in the history of the language. In words of foreign origin, notably Spanish, they are phonemic . Example: uso 'use'; oso 'bear' Unlike u and o , i and e are not allophones, but i in final stressed syllables in words ending in consonants can be [ɛ] , like ubíng [ʊ.ˈbɛŋ] ('child'). The two closed vowels become glides when followed by another vowel. The close back rounded vowel /u/ becomes [w] before another vowel; and

1552-557: Is 83 kilometres (52 mi) south of Tuguegarao and 398 kilometres (247 mi) north of Metro Manila (linked by a national highway via Santa Fe, Nueva Vizcaya ). Ilagan City is politically subdivided into 91 barangays , the highest number of barangays in the province.   Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios . Currently, 13 barangays in the city are considered urban (highlighted in bold ). Barangays are grouped into four clusters, namely Poblacion, Eastern, Western, and San Antonio. As of December 31, 2022,

1649-493: Is also considered the national language is used as verbal communication channel between residents. Poverty incidence of Alicia Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Alicia, as a suburb of a progressive city, Cauayan, Isabela , is also showing signs of progress. Various banking institutions like Landbank of the Philippines , Security Bank , etc. are already present in Alicia. The Our Lady of Atocha Church in Alicia

1746-425: Is an allophone of /u/ in final syllables. Thus, apúy ('fire') may be pronounced /ɐ.ˈpoi/ and baboy ('pig') may be pronounced /ˈba.bui/ . As for the diphthong /au/ , the general rule is to use /aw/ for native words while /au/ will be used for spanish loanword such as the words autoridad, autonomia, automatiko. The same rule goes to the diphthong /ai/ . All consonantal phonemes except /h, ʔ/ may be

1843-539: Is an attached agency of the Department of Agriculture (DA) that serves as the primary plant breeding institution in Cagayan Valley . It is one of the Bureau of Agricultural Research ’s active partners in research and development in the region. It is located in Barangay San Felipe along Maharlika Highway . Ilagan has rich forest resources. Hectares of forest land are strictly protected by authorities like

1940-417: Is being held every three years. Barangays are also headed by elected officials: Barangay Captain , Barangay Council , whose members are called Barangay Councilors . The barangays have SK federation which represents the barangay, headed by SK chairperson and whose members are called SK councilors. All officials are also elected every three years. The first municipal mayor of the town was Glicerio Acosta who

2037-401: Is further celebrated through life rituals, festivities, and oral traditions , expressed in songs ( kankanta ), dances ( salsala ), poems ( dandaniw ), proverbs ( pagsasao ), and literary duels ( bucanegan ). These rich literary forms not only preserve Ilocano identity but also demonstrate its adaptability within the evolving Filipino cultural landscape. During the Spanish regime, Iloco poetry

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2134-684: Is known for having an old Spanish church architecture. It is one of the best churches to visit for a pilgrimage in the Philippines during the Holy Week . The church was declared by the Philippine Department of Tourism as one of the national religious tourist attractions in the Philippines . The structure of the church was original built by the Spaniards in the 18th century, but not finished. Passing by Angadanan town on 12 February 1805, Fr. Manuel Mora, OP wrote that "Angadanan has

2231-604: Is known for its antique Castilian architectural design and can be found along the Maharlika Highway and is accessible by land transport. The Catholic churches in Alicia, Gamu , and Cauayan , are examples of what is called as the "Cagayan Style" of Spanish churches that was inspired by the Tuguegarao church. As a municipality in the Province of Isabela, government officials in the provincial level are voted by

2328-534: Is now a tourist destination in the city. The tunnels are believed to have served as headquarters of the Japanese soldiers. By the turn of the 1950s, the new Poblacion was located uphill from the old Saint Ferdinand Parish Church, formerly known as Saint Ferdinand Cathedral in barangay Bagumbayan to barangay San Vicente, which is the site of the current City Hall. When Ferdinand Marcos' September 1972 declaration of Martial law began 14 years of authoritarian rule,

2425-656: Is now transferred to the Cathedral of Saint Michael the Archangel in Gamu, Isabela. The Saint Ferdinand Parish was built in a baroque style in 1612and is located in barangay Bagumbayan. There are also Protestants , Baptist , Church of Christ , Adventists , Born Again groups, Victory Christian Fellowship , Latter Day Saints , Jehovah's Witnesses , Islam , and Philippine-based groups like Iglesia ni Cristo , and Members Church of God International (MCGI) that account to

2522-1050: Is primarily spoken in the Ilocos Region, the Babuyan Islands , the Cordillera Administrative Region , Cagayan Valley , and the northern and western parts of Central Luzon . It is also spoken in Batanes , parts of Mindoro and Palawan , and scattered areas in Mindanao , particularly in the Soccsksargen region. Internationally, it is spoken in the United States, with the largest concentrations in Hawaii and California , as well as in Canada . In Hawaii, 17% of those who speak

2619-720: Is surrounded by the Caraballo Mountains to the south, the Great Sierra Madre to the east, and the Cordillera Mountain Range to the west. It is the largest rice producer in the entire Cagayan Valley and has the largest irrigated rice field in the whole Region II of the Philippines. Alicia, the old town of Angadanan, is known for the Pagay Festival Balitok Ti Alicia and its famous historical landmark,

2716-481: Is the graphic (written) representation of the vowel. e /ɯ/ For a better rendition of vowel distribution, please refer to the IPA Vowel Chart . Unstressed /a/ is pronounced [ɐ] in all positions except final syllables, like madí [mɐˈdi] ('cannot be') but ngiwat ('mouth') is pronounced [ˈŋiwat] . Unstressed /a/ in final-syllables is mostly pronounced [ɐ] across word boundaries. Although

2813-403: Is the reverse of the word nagali meaning move or transfer . The Dominicans accepted the settlement as an ecclesiastical mission given the name San Fernando de Ilagan in honor of its patron, Saint Ferdinand of Castile. On May 4, 1686, Ilagan was founded and missionaries converted the natives to Catholicism . Ilagan was made the capital town of Cagayan Valley when Brig. Manuel Sanchez Mira

2910-614: Is the weekly magazine Bannawag . The following are two versions of the Lord's Prayer. The one on the left is written using Spanish-based orthography, while the one on the right uses the Tagalog-based system. aldao aldaw day Notes With the implementation by the Spanish of the Bilingual Education System of 1897, Ilocano, together with the other seven major languages (those that have at least

3007-460: Is used primarily in communication for government publications, local newsprints, road signs, and commercial signs, and in doing official business transactions in the city. As of the 2020 census, Imelda Bliss Village is the most populous barangay with 7,951 people while Carikkikan Sur is the least populous barangay with just 208 people. The rapid increase of the population in Ilagan is attributed to

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3104-527: The Balangao language and certain eastern dialects of Bontoc . The Ilocano people historically utilized an indigenous writing system known as kur-itan . There have been proposals to revive this script by incorporating its instruction in public and private schools within Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur , where Ilocano is predominantly spoken. Iloco (Ilocano) like all Philippine languages, belongs to

3201-493: The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), several NGOs , and the Local Government Unit . In 2018, the Department of Agriculture Regional Field Office No. 02 has pledged to intensify the promotion of mushroom production in Cagayan Valley through the establishment of the region’s research and development center for the mushroom industry. The DA’s Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) funded

3298-455: The Doctrina , is celebrated as the " Father of Ilocano Poetry and Literature ," credited for composing the epic Biag ni Lam-ang ("Life of Lam-ang"). This poem, which narrates the extraordinary adventures of the Ilocano hero Lam-ang, encapsulates core values of the Ilocano people, such as courage, loyalty, and respect for familial and ancestral ties. A study of Iloco poetry can also be found in

3395-506: The Gramatica Ilokana , published in 1895, which is based on Lopez's earlier work, Arte de la Lengua Iloca , published in 1627 but likely written before 1606. In the 18th century, missionaries played a crucial role in promoting literacy and religious education among the Ilocano population through the publication of both religious and secular texts, including Sumario de las Indulgencias de la Santa Correa by Fr. Jacinto Rivera and

3492-527: The Ibanag word nagali reversed to ilagan which means move or transfer in the English language , due to the relocation of the site of the capital from Naguilian Baculod to its present site in barangay San Vicente. The move was due to the economy and security of the town. Another etymology, according to Fr. Julian Malumbres, Ilagan derived its name from the word laga , an Ibanag word for smallpox during

3589-463: The Japanese Army as part of the liberation campaign with the combined forces of 14th Infantry, United States Army Forces in the Philippines – Northern Luzon (USAFIP-NL), under the command of Lt Col. Romulo A. Manriquez, and the 37th Division of the U.S. Sixth Army against the Japanese. During this era, a man-made tunnel was constructed from the sweat and blood of detained Ilagueños and it

3686-503: The Our Lady of Atocha Church completed and inaugurated in 1849 which was officially declared by the Philippine Department of Tourism as a national religious tourist destination in the Philippines. When President Elpidio Quirino signed Executive Order No. 268 on 28 September 1949, Old Angadanan was formally created and renamed Alicia after his late wife, Doña Alicia Syquía Quirino. Along with three of their children (except Tomás,

3783-495: The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED). Other activities included livelihood assistance for various sectors in pre-identified eligible recipients across Isabela. The Department of Health (DOH) shared their Lab for All program, or the giving of free medical services closer to the people. While the Department of Agriculture (DA), spearheaded

3880-683: The close front unrounded vowel /i/ , [j] . Example: kuarta /kwaɾ.ta/ 'money'; paria /paɾ.ja/ 'bitter melon' In addition, dental / alveolar consonants become palatalized before /i/ . (See Consonants below). Unstressed /i/ and /u/ are pronounced [ɪ] and [ʊ] except in final syllables, like pintás ('beauty') [pɪn.ˈtas] and buténg ('fear') [bʊ.ˈtɛŋ, bʊ.ˈtɯŋ] but bangir ('other side') and parabur ('grace/blessing') are pronounced [ˈba.ŋiɾ] and [pɐ.ˈɾa.buɾ] . Unstressed /i/ and /u/ in final syllables are mostly pronounced [ɪ] and [ʊ] across word boundaries. The letter ⟨e⟩ represents two vowels in

3977-452: The dallot , an improvised long poem delivered in a melodic manner. A significant work within this literary tradition is the epic Biag ni Lam-ang (The Life of Lam-ang), which stands as one of the few indigenous narratives to have survived colonial influence. While it has assimilated foreign elements over time, it continues to embody essential values such as courage, loyalty, and the importance of familial and ancestral bonds. Ilocano culture

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4074-514: The j pronounced as in French , resulting in /re.los/ in Ilokano. As a result, both /re.lo/ and /re.los/ occur. Ilagan Ilagan , officially the City of Ilagan ( Ibanag : Siudad nat Ilagan ; Ilocano : Siudad ti Ilagan ; Filipino : Lungsod ng Ilagan ), is a 1st class component city and capital of the province of Isabela , Philippines . According to the 2020 census, it has

4171-533: The orthography , vowels in sequence such as uo and ai , do not coalesce into a diphthong, rather, they are pronounced with an intervening glottal stop, for example, buok 'hair' /bʊ.ʔok/ and dait 'sew' /da.ʔit/ . The diphthong /ei/ is a variant of /ai/ in native words. Other occurrences are in words of Spanish and English origin. Examples are reyna /ˈɾei.na/ (from Spanish reina , 'queen') and treyner /ˈtɾei.nɛɾ/ ('trainer'). The diphthongs /oi/ and /ui/ may be interchanged since /o/

4268-441: The plebiscite held on March 14, 1999, turned down its bid for cityhood. The majority of the people voted no in that event under the mayoralty of Mercedes P. Uy. On March 2, 2005, House bill no. 3847 was filed and approved by the house and transmitted for the cityhood of Ilagan but remained pending concurrence in the senate. The bill did not go through when mayor Delfinito C. Albano was gunned down by three unidentified men in

4365-462: The 19th century owing to the accessibility of the land and vast opportunities in the area straddling the present-day provinces of Cagayan and Nueva Vizcaya . It was proclaimed a province by a Royal Decree and named Isabela de Luzon on the first day of May in 1856. There are three native languages in Ilagan: Ibanag , Ilocano , and Tagalog , which make it a multilingual city. English

4462-571: The 2020 census, the population of Alicia, Isabela, was 73,874 people, with a density of 480 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,200 inhabitants per square mile. The population is a combination of different ethnic group dominated by Ilocano speaking people which make Ilocano the common language used in the municipality. English , being one of the official languages is used primarily in communication for government publications, local newsprints, road signs, commercial signs and in doing official business transactions. Tagalog , another official language and

4559-695: The Austronesian language family, which is believed to have originated in Taiwan . It constitutes its own branch within the Philippine Cordilleran subfamily and is spoken as a first language by approximately seven million people. As a lingua franca of Northern Luzon and several areas of Central Luzon, Ilocano is also spoken as a second language by over two million people, including native speakers of Ibanag , Ivatan , Pangasinan , Sambal , and other regional languages. The Ilocano language

4656-510: The BPSF program went to Cagayan Valley , marking its eighth installment nationwide. With the aim of the national government delivering quality services closer to clients. Among the lined-up activities are Rise Up Financing, Online Business Name Registration, Barangay Micro Business Name Registration, One Town, One Product (OTOP) Mini Fair, Diskwento Caravan, Product Standard Showcase, and Negosyo Center Business Counseling Services. Under

4753-468: The Caraballo del Sur. A Royal Decree was created on 1 May 1856 creating Isabela de Luzon to distinguish it from other Isabelas in the Philippines, to which both Angadanans were added. It was placed under the jurisdiction of a governor with the capital seat at Ilagan City , where it remains at the present. Alicia has a total land area of 15,410 hectares and 64,339 total population as of 2009. 71% of

4850-450: The Ilocano worldview. Shaped by centuries of interaction with diverse influences, Ilocano literature encompasses a wide array of literary forms, including epic poetry, folk tales, proverbs, riddles, religious documents, and songs. Central themes include resilience, familial loyalty, honor, and a deep connection to both the natural and spiritual realms. Ancient Ilocano poets articulated their expressions through folk and war songs, as well as

4947-454: The Spanish system and the Tagalog system. In the Spanish system words of Spanish origin kept their spellings. Native words, on the other hand, conformed to the Spanish rules of spelling. Most older generations of Ilocanos use the Spanish system. In the alphabet system based on that of Tagalog there is more of a phoneme-to-letter correspondence, which better reflects the actual pronunciation of

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5044-628: The city government created the Ilagan Development Authority (ILAGANDA) which is aimed to transform Ilagan into a liveable city in the year 2030. On November 25–26, 2023, the City of Ilagan hosted the biggest and largest serbisyo caravan in the country, the Bagong Pilipinas Serbisyo Fair held at the City of Ilagan Sports Complex and Isabela National High School . The event saw the first time that

5141-427: The city's population. These religious organizations have their own temples and churches sparsely located in the city. Poverty incidence of Ilagan Source: Philippine Statistics Authority At present, Ilagan has been one of the fastest-growing economies in the province of Isabela as well as in the whole Cagayan Valley over the past years. The city is the primary growth center and investment hub of

5238-582: The construction of the Cagayan Valley Mushroom Research and Development Center which aims to support the agency’s activities on processing of agricultural waste into sustainable and competitive mushroom production towards food security and safety in the region. The Department of Agriculture, through its research centers and experiment stations, had already initiated trainings on production and processing to interested farmers, cooperatives and local government units. The modern facility

5335-652: The country and serves as a lingua franca in Northern Luzon, particularly among the Igorot people and the indigenous settlers of Cagayan Valley . As an Austronesian language, Ilocano shares linguistic roots with other Philippine languages and is related to Malay (both Indonesian and Malaysian), Tetum , Chamorro , Fijian , Māori , Hawaiian , Samoan , Tahitian , Paiwan , and Malagasy . It exhibits close ties with several Austronesian languages in Northern Luzon and has some degree of mutual intelligibility with

5432-465: The country's National Hero José Rizal in Ilagan public plaza located in barangay Bagumbayan. The fortunes of Isabela as a province and Ilagan as a town followed a similar path to the rest of the country's history as a commonwealth nation and as a free republic in 1942, the Japanese occupation , liberation, political and military independence to this day. On June 19, 1945, Ilagan was liberated from

5529-500: The current growth of economic activities especially in the sectors of Commerce, Industry, Agriculture, and Housing. Ilagan is one of the 145 emerging cities in the Philippines with more than 100,000 residents. Statistics from the Philippine Statistics Authority show that Ilagan had a population 131,24311 in 2007, which increased to 135,174 people in the 2010 census making Ilagan as the most populous city in

5626-493: The distribution and sale of seafood. Agencies like the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR), Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA), National Food Authority (NFA), and the Public Attorney’s Office (PAO) also provided livelihood, legal, and other relevant social services to

5723-512: The distribution of financial assistance for farmers, seeds and fertilizers, and farm equipments and machineries. Products of farmers and fishermen were also on sale through the KADIWA ng Pangulo as a way to promote locally produced products. All of the products displayed were made affordable, fresh, and pesticide-safe for the consumers. The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) also turned over fish cages, fish feeds, and fingerlings for

5820-521: The earliest surviving Ilokano publications. Before the addition of the virama, writers had no way to designate coda consonants. The reader, on the other hand, had to guess whether a consonant not succeeding a vowel is read or not, for it is not written. Vowel apostrophes interchange between e or i , and o or u . Due to this, the vowels e and i are interchangeable, and letters o and u , for instance, tendera and tindira ('shop-assistant'). In recent times, there have been two systems in use:

5917-500: The electorates of the town. The provincial government have political jurisdiction over local transactions of the municipal government. The municipality of Alicia is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which

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6014-510: The end of the Marcos regime. In 1983, soldiers went as far as to raid the residence of the Bishop of Ilagan, Miguel Purugganan , in search of alleged rebels and firearms. They found none but continued to keep Bishop Puruggananan and the church workers under him under military surveillance. On February 2, 1998, congress passed Republic Act 8474 which sought to convert Ilagan into a city. But

6111-487: The entry of eight banks and financial institutions in just several months. The Local Government of Ilagan responded positively to these developments by the enactment of legislative measures including the provision of the Investment Incentive Code which provided for tax incentives to investments. These measures eventually opened the floodgates for big investments to enter the local market that included

6208-593: The establishments of malls like the Xentro Mall ( formerly called Northstar Mall ) and Talavera Square Mall. There are also thousands of commercial establishments composed of distributors, retail and wholesale. Pawnshops, lending companies, insurance agencies, cooperatives, and other financial institutions are spread all over the city. Agriculture and fishery remain the main backbone of Ilagan's economy. There are almost 23,803 hectares that are cultivated land and 314 hectares are utilized for fish culture. However,

6305-411: The following barangays are considered urban: Alibagu, Baculud, Bagumbayan, Baligatan, Calamagui 1st, Calamagui 2nd, Centro Poblacion, Guinatan, Imelda Bliss Village, Osmeña, San Vicente, Santa Barbara, and Santa Isabel Sur. Ilagan has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen Aw ) with consistently hot temperatures year-round, a dry season from January to April, and a wet season from May to December. Of

6402-472: The habitation of the Philippines believed to have started 26,000 years ago with various strains of Aetas , then Indonesians coming 5,000 years ago and the Malays in droves starting 200 years B.C. up to 1500 A.D. Trade and cultural relations with Chinese preceded the 16th-century incursion of the Spaniards . Ilocanos who already developed their own distinct traits were recorded to have migrated massively in

6499-525: The initiative, Isabela residents received P152 million worth of cash, while a total of P500 million went to programs and services. The program benefited at least 100,000 recipients, with a total of 26 government agencies participating in the event, providing over 195 services. Among the services included is the Department of Social Welfare and Development ’s (DSWD) Assistance to Individuals in Crisis Situations (AICS) program, which provided

6596-540: The land. This all led to a protest march in joined by 12,000 protesters from all over Isabela , and eventually, for 4,000 farmers to finally get the titles to their land. But it also earned the ire of the administration. In 1982, Padilla and 12 others were arrested by the regime and jailed under poor conditions at the Bayombong , Nueva Vizcaya Stockade of the Philippine Constabulary until almost

6693-584: The modern (Tagalog) writing system is largely phonetic, there are some notable conventions. In native morphemes , the close back rounded vowel /u/ is written differently depending on the syllable. If the vowel occurs in the ultima of the morpheme, it is written o ; elsewhere, u . Example: Instances such as masapulmonto , ' You will manage to find it, to need it', are still consistent. Note that masapulmonto is, in fact, three morphemes: masapul (verb base), -mo (pronoun) and -(n)to (future particle). An exception to this rule, however,

6790-604: The mother tongue-based multilingual system was to be implemented for Kindergarten to Grade 3 Effective School Year 2012–2013. Ilocano is used in public schools mostly in the Ilocos Region and the Cordilleras. It is the primary medium of instruction from Kindergarten to Grade 3 (except for the Filipino and English subjects) and is also a separate subject from Grade 1 to Grade 3. Thereafter, English and Filipino are introduced as mediums of instruction. Ilocano literature serves as

6887-723: The nearby Angaranan Creek. In 1776, the Spaniards decided to move the settlement further north to Alicia's present location along the Ganano river, a tributary of the Cagayan River . In the 19th century, the Spaniards decided to move Angadanan again six kilometers further east along the Cagayan River to facilitate better transportation links and to secure the town from repeated raids by the Igorots and Gaddangs. The second site

6984-477: The night of June 27, 2006, in Quezon City . The campaign used the term C-U-DAD Ilagan for the cityhood status of Ilagan. On February 27, 2012, Ilagan renewed its bid for cityhood as sponsored by House bill no. 5917 . Local officials of the town expressed support for the town's conversion into a city. On May 22, 2012, the congress approved the cityhood bill of Ilagan on its House resolution no. 144 and

7081-525: The non-nuclear dialects (areas outside the Ilocos provinces) [ɛ ~ e] in words of foreign origin and [ɯ] in native words, and only one in the nuclear dialects of the Ilocos provinces, [ɛ ~ e] . Diphthongs are combination of a vowel and /i/ or /u/. In the orthography, the secondary vowels (underlying /i/ or /u/) are written with their corresponding glide, y or w , respectively. Of all the possible combinations, only /aj/ or /ej/, /iw/, /aw/ and /uj/ occur. In

7178-462: The province of Isabela , including the municipality of Ilagan became a center of both conflict and protest when Marcos cronies Danding Cojuangco and Antonio Carag managed to block a Spanish-era grant which was supposed to see the return of Hacienda San Antonio and Hacienda Santa Isabel in Ilagan to local farmers. Cojuangco and Carag purchased the two haciendas themselves, displacing tens of thousands of farmers who were supposed to get those lands back

7275-504: The province of Isabela and the second in Cagayan Valley after Tuguegarao . In the 2020 census, the population of Ilagan, was 158,218 people, with a density of 140 inhabitants per square kilometre or 360 inhabitants per square mile. Ilagan's population is predominantly Roman Catholic . The Diocese of Ilagan has 39 catholic churches all over the province of Isabela. Its former seat was in Saint Ferdinand Parish, then it

7372-550: The recipients. Other regulatory functions of the Philippine National Police (PNP), Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), Land Transportation Office (LTO), National Bureau of Investigation (NBI), Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), Professional Regulation Commission (PRC), Social Security System (SSS), PhilHealth , Government Service Insurance System (GSIS), and the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) also extended their programs and services during

7469-557: The region due to the rapid commercialization and stabilization of the different sectors involved in its economy. The transformation of Ilagan into a fast-growing city in Cagayan Valley became evident upon the assumption into office of then Mayor Josemarie L. Diaz, the re-structuring of the economic landscape of the city and the eventual transformation of its business climate into a business-friendly environment successfully lured multi-national companies in investing their capitals into its market. The economic boom began to engulf Ilagan with

7566-426: The region. Private: Public: Private: Public: There is one FM radio station that operates in the municipality which is 107.1 TAPS Radio. Ilocano language Iloco (also Ilokano ; / iː l oʊ ˈ k ɑː n oʊ / ; Ilocano: Pagsasao nga Iloko ) is an Austronesian language predominantly spoken in the Philippines by the Ilocano people. It ranks as the third most widely spoken native language in

7663-501: The second and third Angadanans were part of the Cagayan Valley province. The entire Cagayan Valley was one large province which the Spaniards called La Provincia del Valle de Cagayan , but divided into two new provinces in 1839 by the Spanish conquistadors . One retained the old name Cagayan which comprised all towns from Aparri to Tumauini ; while a new province of Nueva Vizcaya was created composed of all towns from Ilagan to

7760-404: The site of the vast tobacco plantation in the region making it one of the most important economic areas in northern Luzon. In 1581, Governor-General Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa sent Capt. Juan Pablo Carreon to explore Cagayan Valley as well as to establish missions. Among the Spanish missionaries who penetrated deeply into the region was Pedro Jimenez, who founded Ilagan. The town of Bolo

7857-444: The storage needs of farmers during the harvest season. Of all cities in the country, Ilagan ranks as the top producer of corn . As an agriculture-based city, it produces ample supply of corn , rice , vegetables , and legumes . Fruits like bananas are year-round products, especially in the mountainous areas of the city. Ilagan also produces seasonal fruits such as mangoes and pomelo . The Cagayan Valley Research Center (CVRC)

7954-636: The suitable farm area of Ilagan is 32,153.19 hectares with potential for crops, livestock, and fish production. This figure shows that a significant percentage (24.99%) is not being fully utilized for agricultural production leaving them idle and underutilized. Most of the industries in the city are agri-based. For the last ten years, there has been a great number of local investment in poultry and hog raising. There are seven poultry contract growers and 33 small and medium-scale hog raisers in Ilagan. Other support facilities, warehouses, and small rice mills, strategically located in different barangays of Ilagan address

8051-486: The total 1,166.26 km land area of Ilagan; 31% are agricultural , 36% are forest areas, and the remaining 33% are built-up areas and open grassland areas that are available for industrial, commercial and residential uses. Ilagueños today reflect a combination of indigenous, Chinese , and Hispanic descent. The core community was composed of tribes notably the Agta, Ibanag , Gaddang , Yogad, and Kalinga which mirrors

8148-556: The total land area is an agricultural land which makes Alicia primarily an agricultural municipality best suited for the intensive production of rice and corn. Farming is its major livelihood and rice its major product and resource. Alicia is 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Ilagan and 348 kilometres (216 mi) from Manila . Alicia is politically subdivided into 34 barangays .   Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios . There are seven barangays that are currently considered urban (highlighted in bold ). In

8245-421: The town's founding in 1686 when the disease was widespread. [REDACTED]   Spain 1587–1898 [REDACTED]   United States of America 1898–1942 [REDACTED]   Japan 1942–1945 [REDACTED]   Philippines 1946–present The town was then called by its native Gaddang settlers as Bolo during the pre-Spanish conquest era. It was one of the populous settlements during that period and

8342-473: The town's public education system. The division office is a field office of the DepEd in Cagayan Valley region. The office governs the public and private elementary and public and private high schools throughout the municipality. Alicia has two universities that cater to the people of the municipality and other neighboring municipalities and provinces. Alicia is also noted for having the most high-tech school in

8439-659: The town, Rafael Maramag, added luster to the history of his hometown by becoming the first governor of the province of Isabela after its reorganization by the Americans in 1901. On August 4, 1901, the American occupation under the United States - Philippine Commission enacted the Provincial Government Act 210 that re-established Isabela and other provinces in the Philippines. Rafael Maramag,

8536-573: The two-day caravan. The city is located in the central portion of the province of Isabela. It is bounded by nine municipalities: on the north by the municipalities of Divilacan , Tumauini , and Delfin Albano ; on the west by the municipality of Quirino ; on the east by the municipalities of Divilacan and Palanan , and the Pacific Ocean ; and on the south by the municipalities of Gamu , Naguilian , Benito Soliven and San Mariano . Ilagan

8633-593: The unique aspects of Ilocano culture during his time as a World War II guerrilla hero. Carlos Bulosan emerged as another prominent figure, with his novel America is in the Heart celebrated as a significant work in the Filipino-American literary canon. Other distinguished writers from this period include F. Sionil Jose, known for his epic sagas set in Pangasinan, and Isabelo de los Reyes , who played

8730-442: The word. The letters ng constitute a digraph and count as a single letter, following n in alphabetization. As a result, numo ('humility') appears before ngalngal ('to chew') in newer dictionaries. Words of foreign origin, most notably those from Spanish, need to be changed in spelling to better reflect Ilocano phonology. Words of English origin may or may not conform to this orthography. A prime example using this system

8827-520: Was appointed to office by the President of the Philippines upon the creation of Alicia as a municipality in 1949. The mayor and other elective officials are restricted to three consecutive terms, totaling nine years, although a mayor can be elected again after an interruption of one term. Alicia, belonging to the third legislative district of the province of Isabela, currently represented by Hon. Ian Paul L. Dy. The Schools Division of Isabela governs

8924-589: Was founded by the Dominicans in 1619 in honor of Saint Ferdinand of Castile . The old Bolo was situated on the western side of Cagayan River in what is known today as barangay Naguilian-Baculod . The cultural shock brought by the dominating social and economic regulations introduced by the Spanish authorities propelled the natives to dissent in the Mallig and the Ilagan- Tumauini territories in what

9021-527: Was heavily influenced by Spanish literary forms, with the earliest written Iloco poems largely based on romances translated from Spanish by Francisco Lopez . In 1621, Lopez published the Doctrina Cristiana , the first book printed in Iloco , marking a significant milestone in the documentation of Ilocano literature. The 17th-century author Pedro Bucaneg , known for his collaboration with Lopez on

9118-541: Was known as the Gaddang Revolution . The natives abandoned their settlement after burning their church and houses until 1622 when the Spanish government pardoned and exempted them from paying tribute within three years. After the Gaddang revolt, the natives re-established their settlement upon the efforts of Fr. Pedro Jimenez in 1678 on the east side of the river thereby giving the legendary name for Ilagan which

9215-431: Was signed by then President Benigno Aquino III on June 21, 2012. Plebiscite was held on August 11, 2012, with a majority of votes voting yes under the leadership of Josemarie L. Diaz. By virtue of Republic Act 10169 , Ilagan was then proclaimed as a new component city, the third in the province of Isabela and the fourth in Cagayan Valley on the same day by COMELEC Commissioner Armando Velasco. On August 28, 2019,

9312-428: Was subsequently known as Angadanan Viejo (Old Angadanan) to distinguish it from its third site called Angadanan Nuevo (New Angadanan), to which the former was a part of until Angadanan Viejo was converted into the separate municipality of Alicia in 1949. Part of the reason for the separation was that Alicia lay alongside the national highway network, which led to a more flourishing economy than its mother settlement. Both

9409-464: Was then the governor of the whole territory. In 1763, Ilagan was the scene of the revolt led by Dabo and Juan Marayag against the collection of tribute, the enforcement of tobacco monopoly committed by the friars during the Spanish colonization . On May 1, 1856, Ilagan became the capital town when Isabela de Luzon was founded. Present-day Ilagan is an area that was detached from the old province of Nueva Vizcaya . The first municipal president of

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