74-467: Petersburg Tales [ fr ] (1833–1842) Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol (1 April [ O.S. 20 March] 1809 – 4 March [ O.S. 21 February] 1852) was a Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright of Ukrainian origin. Gogol used the grotesque in his writings, for example in his works " The Nose ", " Viy ", " The Overcoat ", and " Nevsky Prospekt ". These stories, and others such as " Diary of
148-457: A Romantic poem of German idyllic life – Hans Küchelgarten , and had it published at his own expense, under the pseudonym "V. Alov." The magazines he sent it to almost universally derided it. He bought all the copies and destroyed them, swearing never to write poetry again. His stay in St. Petersburg forced Gogol to make a certain decision regarding his self-identification. It was a period of turmoil;
222-422: A Farm , Gogol pictures Ukraine as a "nation ... united by organic culture , historical memory, and language ". His image of Russia lacks this depth and is always based in the present, particularly focused on Russia's bureaucracy and corruption. Dead Souls , according to Bojanowska, "presents Russian uniqueness as a catalog of faults and vices." The duality of Gogol’s national identity is frequently expressed as
296-430: A Jewish perspective." Gogol's oeuvre has also had an impact on Russia's non-literary culture, and his stories have been adapted numerous times into opera and film. The Russian composer Alfred Schnittke wrote the eight-part Gogol Suite as incidental music to The Government Inspector performed as a play , and Dmitri Shostakovich set The Nose as his first opera in 1928 – a peculiar choice of subject for what
370-591: A Madman ", have also been noted for their proto-surrealist qualities. According to Viktor Shklovsky , Gogol used the technique of defamiliarization when a writer presents common things in an unfamiliar or strange way so that the reader can gain new perspectives and see the world differently. His early works, such as Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka , were influenced by his Ukrainian upbringing, Ukrainian culture and folklore . His later writing satirised political corruption in contemporary Russia ( The Government Inspector , Dead Souls ), although Gogol also enjoyed
444-550: A Madman ". Gogol's short story " Christmas Eve " (literally the Russian title «Ночь перед Рождеством» translates as "The Night before Christmas") was adapted into operatic form by at least three East Slavic composers. Ukrainian composer Mykola Lysenko wrote his Christmas Eve («Різдвяна ніч», with libretto in Ukrainian by Mykhailo Starytsky ) in 1872. Just two years later, in 1874, Tchaikovsky composed his version under
518-448: A black handkerchief wrapped around his head, simulating a toothache, while another professor interrogated the students. Gogol resigned his chair in 1835. Between 1832 and 1836, Gogol worked with great energy, and had extensive contact with Pushkin, but he still had not yet decided that his ambitions were to be fulfilled by success in literature. During this time, the Russian critics Stepan Shevyrev and Vissarion Belinsky , contradicting
592-399: A convincingness, a truthfulness, and inevitability – attained as a rule by slight but definitive strokes of unexpected reality – that seems to beggar the visible world itself." According to Andrey Bely , Gogol's work influenced the emergence of Gothic romance , and served as a forerunner for absurdism and impressionism . The aspect under which the mature Gogol sees reality is expressed by
666-404: A dark and secretive disposition, marked by a painful self-consciousness and boundless ambition. Equally early he developed a talent for mimicry, which later made him a matchless reader of his own works and induced him to toy with the idea of becoming an actor. On leaving school in 1828, Gogol went to Saint Petersburg, full of vague but ambitious hopes. He desired literary fame, and brought with him
740-446: A disaster: He turned in a performance ludicrous enough to warrant satiric treatment in one of his own stories. After an introductory lecture made up of brilliant generalizations which the 'historian' had prudently prepared and memorized, he gave up all pretence at erudition and teaching, missed two lectures out of three, and when he did appear, muttered unintelligibly through his teeth. At the final examination, he sat in utter silence with
814-685: A great cultural and historical value. The expressive 200 years ensemble of Post Station (the only one preserved in Ukraine) deserves special mention. Nizhyn is a city of students (each fifth inhabitant of Nizhyn is a student). The following educational establishments operate in Nizhyn – State University named after Gogol; Agro-technical College, faculty of Kremenchyk Institute of Economy and New Technologies, College of Culture and Arts named after Zankovetska, Medical College, Nizhyn Professional Lyceum of Services, Nizhyn Agrarian Lyceum, vocational college, Lyceum at
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#1732801387768888-575: A great satirist who lampooned the unseemly sides of Imperial Russia. They did not know that Dead Souls was but the first part of a planned modern-day counterpart to the Divine Comedy of Dante . The first part represented the Inferno ; the second part would depict the gradual purification and transformation of the rogue Chichikov under the influence of virtuous publicans and governors – Purgatory . In April 1848, Gogol returned to Russia from
962-432: A key role in these processes". Gogol's appreciation of Ukraine grew during his discovery of Ukrainian history, and he concluded that "Ukraine possessed exactly the kind of cultural wholeness, proud tradition, and self-awareness that Russia lacked." He rejected or was critical of many of the postulates of official Russian history about Ukrainian nationhood. His unpublished " Mazepa’s Meditations" presents Ukrainian history in
1036-584: A manner that justifies Ukraine’s "historic right to independence". Before 1836, Gogol had planned to move to Kyiv to study Ukrainian ethnography and history, and it was after these plans failed that he decided to become a Russian writer. Even before the publication of Dead Souls , Belinsky recognized Gogol as the first Russian-language realist writer and as the head of the natural school , to which he also assigned such younger or lesser authors as Goncharov , Turgenev , Dmitry Grigorovich , Vladimir Dahl and Vladimir Sollogub . Gogol himself appeared skeptical about
1110-542: A pilgrimage to Jerusalem and passed his last years in restless movement throughout the country. While visiting the capitals, he stayed with friends such as Mikhail Pogodin and Sergey Aksakov . During this period, he also spent much time with his old Ukrainian friends, Maksymovych and Osyp Bodiansky . He intensified his relationship with a starets or spiritual elder, Matvey Konstantinovsky, whom he had known for several years. Konstantinovsky seems to have strengthened in Gogol
1184-544: A population of 65,830 (2022 estimate). The earliest known references to the location go back to 1147, when it was briefly mentioned as Unenezh . In the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , Nizhyn was granted Magdeburg rights (1625) as a self-governing town. In 1663, Nizhyn was the place of the Black Council of Ukrainian Cossacks , which elected Bryukhovetsky as the new Hetman of
1258-606: A powerful impression even on Jewish writers who inherited his literary legacy. Amelia Glaser has noted the influence of Gogol's literary innovations on Sholem Aleichem , who "chose to model much of his writing, and even his appearance, on Gogol... What Sholem Aleichem was borrowing from Gogol was a rural East European landscape that may have been dangerous, but could unite readers through the power of collective memory. He also learned from Gogol to soften this danger through laughter, and he often rewrites Gogol's Jewish characters, correcting anti-Semitic stereotypes and narrating history from
1332-516: A regional Ukrainian writer, and used his works to illustrate the specific of Ukrainian national characters. The themes and style of these early prose works by Gogol, as well as his later drama, were similar to the work of Ukrainian-language writers and dramatists who were his contemporaries and friends, including Hryhory Kvitka-Osnovyanenko . However, Gogol's satire was much more sophisticated and unconventional. Although these works were written in Russian, they were nevertheless full of Ukrainianisms, which
1406-405: A view that "in the aesthetic, psychological, and existential senses Gogol is inscribed ... into Ukrainian culture", while "in historical and cultural terms he is part of Russian literature and culture". Slavicist Edyta Bojanowska writes that Gogol, after arriving in St. Petersburg, was surprised to find that he was perceived as a Ukrainian, and even as a khokhol (hick). Bojanowska argues that it
1480-601: Is a city located in Chernihiv Oblast of northern Ukraine along the Oster River . The city is located 116 km (72 mi) north-east of the national capital Kyiv . Nizhyn serves as the administrative center of Nizhyn Raion . It hosts the administration of Nizhyn urban hromada which is one of the hromadas of Ukraine and was once a major city of the Chernigov Governorate . Nizhyn has
1554-502: Is a sense of boundless superfluity that is soon revealed as utter emptiness and a rich comedy that suddenly turns into metaphysical horror." His stories often interweave pathos and mockery, while " The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich " begins as a merry farce and ends with the famous dictum, "It is dull in this world, gentlemen!" It stunned Gogol when some critics interpreted The Government Inspector as an indictment of Tsarism despite Nicholas I's patronage of
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#17328013877681628-418: Is a well-known industrial center, where 16 industrial enterprises, which belong to 8 branches, operate. Nizhyn is also an attractive tourist city. It is included into the tour “Necklace of Slavutych”. A postage stamp featuring the coat of arms of Nizhyn was released by Ukraine in 2017. Until 18 July 2020, Nizhyn was designated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to Nizhyn Raion even though it
1702-576: Is also well represented on stamps worldwide. Several commemorative coins have been issued in the USSR and Russia. In 2009, the National Bank of Ukraine issued a commemorative coin dedicated to Gogol. Streets have been named after Gogol in various cities, including Moscow, Sofia, Lipetsk , Odesa , Myrhorod , Krasnodar , Vladimir , Vladivostok , Penza , Petrozavodsk , Riga , Bratislava , Belgrade, Harbin and many other towns and cities. Gogol
1776-641: Is mentioned several times in Fyodor Dostoyevsky 's Poor Folk and Crime and Punishment and Chekhov 's The Seagull . Ryūnosuke Akutagawa considered Gogol along with Edgar Allan Poe his favorite writers. BBC Radio 4 made a series of six Gogol short stories, entitled Three Ivans, Two Aunts and an Overcoat (2002, adaptations by Jim Poyser) starring Griff Rhys-Jones and Stephen Moore . The stories adapted were " The Two Ivans ", " The Overcoat ", " Ivan Fyodorovich Shponka and His Aunt ", " The Nose ", " The Mysterious Portrait " and " Diary of
1850-404: Is why a glossary of Ukrainian words was included at the end of the volumes. At this time, Gogol developed a passion for Ukrainian Cossack history and tried to obtain an appointment to the history department at Saint Vladimir Imperial University of Kiev . Despite the support of Alexander Pushkin and Sergey Uvarov , the Russian minister of education, the appointment was blocked by a bureaucrat on
1924-623: The Encyclopædia Britannica as "the triumph of Gogolesque irony". The period of literary modernism saw a revival of interest in and a change of attitude towards Gogol's work. One of the pioneering works of Russian formalism was Eichenbaum 's reappraisal of "The Overcoat". In the 1920s, a group of Russian short-story writers, known as the Serapion Brothers , placed Gogol among their precursors and consciously sought to imitate his techniques. The leading novelists of
1998-553: The Bezborodko Lyceum was established there (today — Nizhyn Gogol State University ); its graduates include Nikolai Gogol whose statue graces one of city streets as well as Yevhen Hrebinka among other graduates. Nizhyn has also long been noted for its famous cucumbers . During World War II , Nizhyn was occupied by the German Army from 13 September 1941 to 15 September 1943. Jews first settled in Nizhyn at
2072-541: The Lubny Regiment in 1710. His father Vasily Gogol-Yanovsky , who died when Gogol was 15 years old, was supposedly a descendant of Ukrainian Cossacks (see Lyzohub family ) and belonged to the 'petty gentry'. Gogol knew that his paternal ancestor Ostap Hohol [ uk ] , a Cossack hetman in Polish service, received nobility from the Polish king. The family used the Polish surname "Janowski" (Ianovskii) and
2146-610: The Neziner Congregation in 1896. During their retreat from the Germans in the spring of 1918, the Red Army carried out additional pogroms. During World War II , the region was occupied by Germany, who murdered all Jews in the area. Only those who escaped survived. In 1959, 1,400 Jews lived in Nizhyn, about 3% of the town's population. In 2005, Nizhyn population reached 80,000. Only about 300 Jewish families lived in
2220-647: The November Uprising in the lands of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth led to a rise of Russian nationalism . Initially, Gogol used the surname Gogol-Ianovskii, but it soon became inconvenient. At first he tried to shorten it to the Russian-sounding "Ianov", but in the second half of 1830 he abandoned the Polish part of his surname altogether. He even admonished his mother in a letter to address him only as "Gogol", as Poles had become "suspect" in St. Petersburg. Tsarist authorities encouraged
2294-615: The Novodevichy Cemetery . His body was discovered lying face down, which gave rise to the conspiracy theory that Gogol had been buried alive. The authorities moved the Golgotha stone to the new gravesite, but removed the cross; in 1952, the Soviets replaced the stone with a bust of Gogol. The stone was later reused for the tomb of Gogol's admirer Mikhail Bulgakov . In 2009, in connection with the bicentennial of Gogol's birth,
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2368-532: The October Revolution . Joseph Stalin did not like the statue, and it was replaced by a more orthodox Socialist Realist monument in 1952. It took enormous efforts to save Andreyev's original work from destruction; as of 2014 it stands in front of the house where Gogol died. D. S. Mirsky characterizes Gogol's universe as "one of the most marvellous, unexpected – in the strictest sense, original – worlds ever created by an artist of words". Gogol saw
2442-684: The Zaporizhian Host thus conditionally dividing Ukraine ( Cossack Hetmanate ) into left-bank Ukraine and right-bank Ukraine . It was also the seat of a major Cossack regiment (until 1782). In the Cossack Hetmanate, Nizhyn had six voivodes (a Muscovite military position) from 1665 to 1697. The voivodes of the city were Ivan Rzhevskiy (1665–1672), Stepan Khruscheov (1672–1673), Prince Vladimir Volkonskiy (1673–1675), Prince Semeon Zvenigorodskiy (1673–1675), Avraam Khitrovo (1689–1692), and Ivan Saveolov Junior (1692–1697). Nizhyn
2516-458: The article wizard to submit a draft for review, or request a new article . Search for " Nouvelles de Pétersbourg " in existing articles. Look for pages within Misplaced Pages that link to this title . Other reasons this message may be displayed: If a page was recently created here, it may not be visible yet because of a delay in updating the database; wait a few minutes or try
2590-455: The Greek community (1719–29), St John's Church (1752, illustrated, to the right ), Saviour's Transfiguration Church (1757), Intercession Church (1765), and the so-called Cossack Cathedral of St. Nicholas (1658, restored 1980s), a rare survival from the days of Nizhyn's Cossack glory, noted for its octagonal vaults and drums crowned by archetypal pear-shaped domes. Other notable buildings include
2664-667: The Jew: Essays in Literary Ethnocentrism , discuss "the significance of the Jewish characters and the negative image of the Ukrainian Jewish community in Gogol's novel Taras Bulba , pointing out Gogol's attachment to anti-Jewish prejudices prevalent in Russian and Ukrainian culture." In Léon Poliakov 's The History of Antisemitism , the author mentions that "The 'Yankel' from Taras Bulba indeed became
2738-687: The Orthodox Church in his book Selected Passages from Correspondence with his Friends (1847), Gogol came under attack from his former patron Vissarion Belinsky . The first Russian intellectual to publicly preach the economic theories of Karl Marx , Belinsky accused Gogol of betraying his readership by defending the status quo . Gogol was born in the Ukrainian Cossack town of Sorochyntsi . According to Edyta Bojanowska , Gogol's images of Ukraine are in-depth, distinguished by description of folklore and history . In his Evenings on
2812-645: The Russian Nikolai and the Ukrainian Mykola. As a child, Gogol helped stage plays in his uncle's home theater. In 1820, Nikolai Gogol went to a school of higher art in Nezhin (Nizhyn) (now Nizhyn Gogol State University ) and remained there until 1828. It was there that he began writing. He was not popular among his schoolmates, who called him their "mysterious dwarf", but with two or three of them he formed lasting friendships. Very early he developed
2886-412: The Russian word poshlost' , which means something similar to "triviality, banality, inferiority", moral and spiritual, widespread in a group of people or the entire society. Like Sterne before him, Gogol was a great destroyer of prohibitions and of romantic illusions. He undermined Russian Romanticism by making vulgarity reign where only the sublime and the beautiful had before. "Characteristic of Gogol
2960-669: The South Korean horror film Evil Spirit: Viy (2008). In 2016, Gogol's short story "The Portrait" was announced to be adapted into a feature film of the same name, by Anastasia Elena Baranoff and Elena Vladimir Baranoff. The Russian TV-3 television series Gogol features Nikolai Gogol as a lead character and presents a fictionalized version of his life that mixes his history with elements from his various stories. The episodes were also released theatrically starting with Gogol. The Beginning in August 2017. A sequel entitled Gogol: Viy
3034-704: The Trinity Church (1733, rebuilt a century later), the Greek magistrate (1785), and the Neoclassical complex of the Nizhyn Lyceum (designed by Luigi Rusca , built in 1805–17, expanded in 1876–79). There is the memorial museum of Russian naval officer and explorer Yuri Lisyansky in his family house [ uk ] in Nizhyn and a monument by the house. Modern Nizhyn is a major industrial center. The city has 16 companies and firms from eight industries: PVKF ** "Courier"; Starting in 1915,
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3108-684: The Ukrainian intellectuals to sever ties with the Poles, promoting a limited, folkloric Ukrainian particularism as part of the heritage of the Russian empire. In 1831, the first volume of Gogol's Ukrainian stories ( Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka ) was published under a pen name "Rudy Panko", was in line with this trend, and met with immediate success. A second volume was published in 1832, followed by two volumes of stories entitled Mirgorod in 1835, and two volumes of miscellaneous prose entitled Arabesques . At this time, Russian editors and critics such as Nikolai Polevoy and Nikolai Nadezhdin saw Gogol as
3182-554: The archetypal Jew in Russian literature. Gogol painted him as supremely exploitative, cowardly, and repulsive, albeit capable of gratitude. But it seems perfectly natural in the story that he and his cohorts be drowned in the Dniper by the Cossack lords. Above all, Yankel is ridiculous, and the image of the plucked chicken that Gogol used has made the rounds of great Russian authors." Despite his portrayal of Jewish characters, Gogol left
3256-577: The beginning of the 19th century after the partition of Poland . The town grew to become a center for the Chabad Hasidim of Ukraine. Dovber Schneuri , the second Chabad rebbe, is buried here. By 1847, 1,299 Jews had registered as residents. In 1897, 24% of the population, or 7,361 residents, were Jewish. A wave of pogroms severely affected the Jewish population in 1881 and 1905. One group of emigrants settled in Philadelphia and founded
3330-582: The brink of his private abyss, he became the greatest artist that Russia has yet produced." Critics traditionally interpreted "The Overcoat" as a masterpiece of "humanitarian realism", but Nabokov and some other attentive readers argued that "holes in the language" make the story susceptible to interpretation as a supernatural tale about a ghostly double of a "small man". Of all Gogol's stories, "The Nose" has stubbornly defied all abstruse interpretations: D.S. Mirsky declared it "a piece of sheer play, almost sheer nonsense". In recent years, however, "The Nose" became
3404-619: The bust was moved to the museum at the Novodevichy Cemetery, and the original Golgotha stone was returned, along with a copy of the original Orthodox cross. The first Gogol monument in Moscow, a Symbolist statue on Arbat Square , represented the sculptor Nikolay Andreyev 's idea of Gogol rather than the real man. Unveiled in 1909, the statue received praise from Ilya Repin and from Leo Tolstoy as an outstanding projection of Gogol's tortured personality. Everything changed after
3478-499: The city. In July 1969 two Tupolev Tu-22 aircraft from the nearby air base collided in mid-air . The crew ejected and the plane flew on unpiloted for 52 minutes, threatening the city of Nizhyn before crashing 0.5 km from the city's railway station. The city of Nizhyn is one of the ancient cities of Ukraine. The architectural complex of the city forms an expressive ensemble of an ancient trade city. The experts' estimates distinguish more than 300 ancient buildings, where 70 are of
3552-821: The colours prevalent in Gogol's work depending on the period, his impressionistic use of verbs, the expressive discontinuity of his syntax, the complicated rhythmical patterns of his sentences, and many other secrets of his craft. Based on this work, Vladimir Nabokov published a summary account of Gogol's masterpieces. Gogol's impact on Russian literature has endured, yet various critics have appreciated his works differently. Belinsky , for instance, berated his horror stories as "moribund, monstrous works", while Andrei Bely counted them among his most stylistically daring creations. Nabokov especially admired Dead Souls , The Government Inspector , and " The Overcoat " as works of genius, proclaiming that "when, as in his immortal 'The Overcoat', Gogol really let himself go and pottered happily on
3626-499: The earlier critics, reclassified Gogol from a Ukrainian to a Russian writer. It was only after the premiere of his comedy The Government Inspector ( Revizor ) at the Alexandrinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg, on 19 April 1836, that he finally came to believe in his literary vocation. The comedy, a satire of Russian provincial bureaucracy, was staged thanks only to the intervention of the emperor, Nicholas I . The Tsar
3700-406: The existence of such a literary movement. Although he recognized "several young writers" who "have shown a particular desire to observe real life", he upbraided the deficient composition and style of their works. Nevertheless, subsequent generations of radical critics celebrated Gogol (the author in whose world a nose roams the streets of the Russian capital) as a great realist, a reputation decried by
3774-467: The family estate in Vasilevka was known as Ianovshchyna. His father wrote poetry in Ukrainian as well as Russian, and was an amateur playwright in his own theatre. As was typical of the left-bank Ukrainian gentry of the early nineteenth century, the family was trilingual, speaking Ukrainian as well as Russian, and using Polish mostly for reading. Mother was calling his son Nikola, which is a mixture of
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#17328013877683848-545: The fear of perdition (damnation) by insisting on the sinfulness of all his imaginative work. Exaggerated ascetic practices undermined his health and he fell into a state of deep depression. On the night of 24 February 1852, he burned some of his manuscripts, which contained most of the second part of Dead Souls . He explained this as a mistake, a practical joke played on him by the Devil . Soon thereafter, he took to bed, refused all food, and died in great pain nine days later. Gogol
3922-515: The fragment Rome and his most famous short story, " The Overcoat ". In 1841, the first part of Dead Souls was ready, and Gogol took it to Russia to supervise its printing. It appeared in Moscow in 1842, under a new title imposed by the censorship, The Adventures of Chichikov . The book established his reputation as one of the greatest prose writers in the language. After the triumph of Dead Souls , Gogol's contemporaries came to regard him as
3996-521: The grounds that Gogol was unqualified. His fictional story Taras Bulba , based on the history of Zaporozhian Сossacks , was the result of this phase in his interests. During this time, he also developed a close and lifelong friendship with the historian and naturalist Mykhaylo Maksymovych . In 1834, Gogol was made Professor of Medieval History at the University of St. Petersburg , a job for which he had no qualifications. The academic venture proved
4070-581: The insecurity of many Russians about their own imperial identity". According to Scollins, Gogol's narrative double-voicedness in both Evenings and Taras Bulba and "pidginized Russian" of the Zaporizhian Cossacks in " The Night before Christmas represents a "strateg[y] of resistance, self-assertion, and divergence"". Linguist Daniel Green notes "the complexities of an imperial culture in which Russian and Ukrainian literatures and identities informed and shaped each other, with Gogol´ playing
4144-823: The main fund, the Museum of the History of School No.3, the Museum of the History of School No.7 with a room of M. V. Nechkina, the Korolyov Museum in School No.14, the Glory Museum of Agrarian and Technical Institute, the Museum-Chemists shop named after M. Ligda. The following institutions function at Nizhyn State Pedagogical Institute named after Gogol: The Museum of Gogol , Art Gallery, the Museum “Rare book”, zoological museum, and botanical museum. Nizhyn
4218-490: The outer world strangely metamorphosed, a singular gift particularly evident from the fantastic spatial transformations in his Gothic stories, " A Terrible Vengeance " and " A Bewitched Place ". His pictures of nature are strange mounds of detail heaped on detail, resulting in an unconnected chaos of things: "His people are caricatures, drawn with the method of the caricaturist – which is to exaggerate salient features and to reduce them to geometrical pattern. But these cartoons have
4292-417: The patronage of Tsar Nicholas I who liked his work. The novel Taras Bulba (1835), the play Marriage (1842), and the short stories " The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich ", " The Portrait " and " The Carriage ", are also among his best-known works. Many writers and critics have recognized Gogol's huge influence on Russian , Ukrainian and world literature. Gogol's influence
4366-429: The period – notably Yevgeny Zamyatin and Mikhail Bulgakov – also admired Gogol and followed in his footsteps. In 1926, Vsevolod Meyerhold staged The Government Inspector as a "comedy of the absurd situation", revealing to his fascinated spectators a corrupt world of endless self-deception. In 1934, Andrei Bely published the most meticulous study of Gogol's literary techniques up to that date, in which he analyzed
4440-636: The play. Gogol himself, an adherent of the Slavophile movement, believed in a divinely inspired mission for both the House of Romanov and the Russian Orthodox Church . Like Fyodor Dostoyevsky , Gogol sharply disagreed with those Russians who preached constitutional monarchy and the disestablishment of the Orthodox Church. Gogol saw his work as a critique that would change Russia for the better. After defending autocracy , serfdom , and
4514-564: The purge function . Titles on Misplaced Pages are case sensitive except for the first character; please check alternative capitalizations and consider adding a redirect here to the correct title. If the page has been deleted, check the deletion log , and see Why was the page I created deleted? Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelles_de_Pétersbourg " Nezhin Nizhyn ( Ukrainian : Ніжин , pronounced [ˈn⁽ʲ⁾iʒɪn] ; Russian : Нежин )
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#17328013877684588-616: The subject of several postmodernist and postcolonial interpretations. The portrayals of Jewish characters in his work have led to Gogol developing a reputation for antisemitism . Due to these portrayals, the Russian Zionist writer Ze'ev Jabotinsky condemned Russian Jews who participated in celebrations of Gogol's centenary. Later critics have also pointed to the apparent antisemitism in his writings, as well as in those of his contemporary, Fyodor Dostoyevsky . Felix Dreizin and David Guaspari, for example, in their The Russian Soul and
4662-647: The title Vakula the Smith (with Russian libretto by Yakov Polonsky ) and revised it in 1885 as Cherevichki (The Tsarina's Slippers) . In 1894 (i.e., just after Tchaikovsky's death), Rimsky-Korsakov wrote the libretto and music for his own opera based on the same story . "Christmas Eve" was also adapted into a film in 1961 entitled The Night Before Christmas . It was adapted also for radio by Adam Beeson and broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 24 December 2008 and subsequently rebroadcast on both Radio 4 and Radio 4 Extra on Christmas Eve 2010, 2011 and 2015. Gogol's story "Viy"
4736-529: The twelve years from 1836, Gogol was in Italy, where he developed an adoration for Rome. He studied art, read Italian literature and developed a passion for opera. Pushkin 's death produced a strong impression on Gogol. His principal work during the years following Pushkin's death was the satirical epic Dead Souls . Concurrently, he worked at other tasks – recast Taras Bulba (1842) and The Portrait , completed his second comedy, Marriage ( Zhenitba ), wrote
4810-553: The university. There are four club institutions, the Drama Theater named after Kotsiubynskyi, the Choreographic school and park landscapes in the city. The city boasts 38 libraries with the total fund of 17,365 thousand books, which caters for 44,429 readers, more than a dozen of museums, including Nizhyn Regional museum with the following sections: art, history, Nizhyn Post Station, with about 31 thousand of exhibits of
4884-580: Was acknowledged by Fyodor Dostoevsky , Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin , Ryūnosuke Akutagawa , Franz Kafka , Mikhail Bulgakov , Vladimir Nabokov , Flannery O'Connor and others. Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé said: "We all came out from under Gogol's Overcoat ." Gogol was born in the Ukrainian Cossack town of Sorochyntsi , in the Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire . His mother was descended from Leonty Kosyarovsky, an officer of
4958-494: Was adapted into film by Russian filmmakers four times: the original Viy in 1967; the horror film Vedma (aka The Power of Fear ) in 2006; the action-horror film Viy in 2014; and the horror film Gogol Viy released in 2018. It was also adapted into the Russian FMV video game Viy: The Story Retold (2004). Outside of Russia, the film loosely served as the inspiration for Mario Bava 's film Black Sunday (1960) and
5032-554: Was meant to initiate the great tradition of Soviet opera. More recently, to celebrate the 200th anniversary of Gogol's birth in 1809, Vienna's renowned Theater an der Wien commissioned music and libretto for a full-length opera on the life of Gogol from Russian composer and writer Lera Auerbach . More than 135 films have been based on Gogol's work, the most recent being The Girl in the White Coat (2011). Gogol has been featured many times on Russian and Soviet postage stamps; he
5106-604: Was mourned in the Saint Tatiana church at the Moscow University before his burial and then buried at the Danilov Monastery , close to his fellow Slavophile Aleksey Khomyakov . His grave was marked by a large stone (Golgotha), topped by a Russian Orthodox cross. In 1931, with Russia now ruled by communists, Moscow authorities decided to demolish the monastery and had Gogol's remains transferred to
5180-592: Was once a major center of Hasidic Judaism and is the site of the Ohel (tomb) of the Hasidic master , Rabbi Dovber Schneuri of Chabad-Lubavitch . The city also housed the thriving Greek community, which enjoyed a number of privileges granted by Bohdan Khmelnytsky . In the 19th century Nizhyn became an uyezd capital of the Chernihiv Governorate and the biggest city in the guberniya . In 1805,
5254-569: Was personally present at the play's premiere, concluding that "there is nothing sinister in the comedy, as it is only a cheerful mockery of bad provincial officials." From 1836 to 1848, Gogol lived abroad, travelling through Germany and Switzerland. Gogol spent the winter of 1836–37 in Paris , among Russian expatriates and Polish exiles , frequently meeting the Polish poets Adam Mickiewicz and Bohdan Zaleski . He eventually settled in Rome . For much of
5328-1132: Was released in April 2018 and the third film Gogol: Terrible Revenge debuted in August 2018. Nouvelles de P%C3%A9tersbourg Look for Nouvelles de Pétersbourg on one of Misplaced Pages's sister projects : [REDACTED] Wiktionary (dictionary) [REDACTED] Wikibooks (textbooks) [REDACTED] Wikiquote (quotations) [REDACTED] Wikisource (library) [REDACTED] Wikiversity (learning resources) [REDACTED] Commons (media) [REDACTED] Wikivoyage (travel guide) [REDACTED] Wikinews (news source) [REDACTED] Wikidata (linked database) [REDACTED] Wikispecies (species directory) Misplaced Pages does not have an article with this exact name. Please search for Nouvelles de Pétersbourg in Misplaced Pages to check for alternative titles or spellings. You need to log in or create an account and be autoconfirmed to create new articles. Alternatively, you can use
5402-422: Was the center of the raion. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast to four, the city was merged into Nizhyn Raion. Architecturally Nizhyn was shaped in the 18th century. Foremost among its buildings must be mentioned its seven Baroque churches: Annunciation Cathedral (1702–16, modernised 1814), Presentation Cathedral (1788), St. Michael's Church of
5476-437: Was this experience that "made him into a self-conscious Ukrainian ". According to Ilchuk, dual national identities were typical at that time as a "compromise with the empire 's demand for national homogenization". Professor of Russian literature Kathleen Scollins notes the tendency to politicize Gogol's identity, and comments on the erasure of Gogol's Ukrainianness by the Russian literary establishment, which she argues "reveals
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