Misplaced Pages

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68-483: There being insufficient business the Walthamstow site (for sale since 1921) was sold in early 1928 and the company was voluntarily wound up by its then shareholders at the end of the same year. The Walthamstow site was very big. Twenty years earlier the business had employed around 20 people. Peter Hooker's youngest son, Benjamin (1857–1932), sat on the board of some public listed companies. George Holt Thomas made

136-530: A fire in 2019 and fully restored) both of which have large multi-storey car parks. The historic central library on the High Street was one of many built with money donated by the Scottish-American businessman and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie , whose portrait bust can be seen on the exterior of the building. The library was damaged by a fire in 1982 but modernised and expanded in 2006–07. At

204-529: A fortune from two popular magazines then began to manufacture aircraft. Perhaps there had been a prior link between Thomas and Benjamin Hooker through printing machinery and they decided the skills needed to make printing machinery might be turned to the new petrol engines then to aero engines. A summary of a recorded interview of Hugh Burroughes (22 December 1883 – 3 October 1985) archived by The Imperial War Museum (catalogue number 7255, production date 1983) during

272-647: A manor owned by the Anglo-Saxon nobleman Earl Waltheof of Huntingdon and Northumbria before the Norman conquest of 1066. After the execution of Earl Waltheof, the property of the land passed to his wife, Countess Judith, also known as Judith of Lens , a niece of William the Conqueror. The Domesday Book records 36 villeins , 25 bordars and 4 slaves living in the manor in 1086. Alice, daughter of Earl Waltheof and Countess Judith, inherited Walthamstow. She married

340-588: A museum that was once the family home of William Morris , is a Grade II* listed building. The town is served by five railway stations, including Walthamstow Central and Blackhorse Road —interchange stations on the Victoria line of the London Underground . Walthamstow was a civil parish , originally part of the Becontree Hundred of Essex. As part of the suburban growth of London,

408-641: A prince" and cultivated a vineyard . The Vestry House, now the Vestry House Museum , was used as the first town hall . The influential textile designer and craftsman William Morris was born in Walthamstow in 1834. The Georgian mansion where he lived as a teenager houses the William Morris Gallery . By 1870 Walthamstow had grown to the size of a small suburb and a new town hall was built in Orford Road from which affairs of

476-505: A shrewd visionary. he turned to aircraft in 1906. George Holt Thomas was the seventh son of William Luson Thomas (1830–1890) and his wife Annie, daughter of John Wilson Carmichael . Born at Hampton House, Stockwell, south London, educated privately and at King's College School , London, he left Queen's College, Oxford , in 1890 after two years and without taking a degree. In 1894 he married Gertrude, daughter of architect Thomas Oliver of Newcastle upon Tyne; there were no children of

544-697: A tireless advocate of civil aviation. Air Transport & Travel continued another eight months under the management of Frank Searle of Daimler Hire Limited within the BSA group. A T&T (Air Express) used the newest DH.18 eight-passenger aircraft introduced in April 1920 until November 1920 before it too was placed in liquidation. Holt Thomas was able to assist Geoffrey de Havilland to purchase those assets he needed to form his own aircraft manufacturing business . Aerial Transport in 1920 and The Future of British Industry and Trade Unionism 1925 and many letters to

612-400: Is a Sunday farmers' market . The street is lined with shops: a selection of high street chains, but also many independent small shops specialising in food, fabrics, and household goods, as well as cafés. There are two patches of more recent development: Sainsbury's supermarket and the covered shopping centre 17&Central (originally Selborne Walk, then The Mall Walthamstow, badly damaged by

680-488: Is a quiet thoroughfare by the standards of London. The village has a small selection of specialist shops, pubs and restaurants, and house prices tend to be higher in the streets of this neighbourhood. It was voted best urban village in London by Time Out magazine in 2004. Upper Walthamstow is to the east of Walthamstow Village . The area's main thoroughfare is Wood Street, which has several shops and local businesses, and

748-462: Is a town within the London Borough of Waltham Forest in east London . The town borders Chingford to the north, Snaresbrook and South Woodford to the east, Leyton and Leytonstone to the south, and Tottenham to the west. At the 2011 census, Walthamstow had a population of approximately 109,424 and is around 7.5 miles (12 km) north-east of Central London . Occupying most of

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816-830: Is bordered to the north by Chingford and to the south by Leyton and Leytonstone . Woodford lies to the east with a boundary running through Epping Forest , Hackney lies to the south-west beyond the Walthamstow Marshes and the Lea, while Tottenham is situated westward on the far side of the River Lea and the Lee Valley Reservoir Chain . The A112 (Leyton High Road, Hoe Street, Chingford Road, Chingford Mount Rd) passes south–north through Walthamstow and its neighbouring towns forming part of an ancient route from London to Waltham Abbey . Walthamstow

884-563: Is current refurbishment of the town square and new homes adjacent to the 17&Central shopping centre which is being extended. The Walthamstow Beer Mile , also known as the Blackhorse Beer Mile , is an attraction consisting of a growing number of micro-breweries, and their associated tap-rooms, in and around Blackhorse Road and Blackhorse Lane. Walthamstow is served by trains on the London Underground , London Overground and National Rail networks. Walthamstow Central

952-470: Is now the western end of Queens Road. Both open spaces were lost in the 19th century, when the land was sold to property developers. Lloyd Park has been open to the public since 1900 and is located on Forest Road behind the William Morris Gallery . It has a formal garden with a pond, and the adjacent Aveling Field has facilities for bowling, tennis, basketball, an outdoor gym, a skate park and a children's play area. Walthamstow roughly approximates to seven of

1020-641: Is on the London Overground between Gospel Oak and Barking . Blackhorse Road is located to the west of Walthamstow; it is also served by Victoria line trains and London Overground trains between Gospel Oak and Barking . Other stations include St James Street and Wood Street , on the London Overground between Liverpool Street and Chingford. Lea Bridge is also nearby, served by Greater Anglia trains between Stratford and Bishop's Stortford , via Tottenham Hale and Harlow , with onward connections to Stansted Airport . All railway stations in

1088-684: Is served by the London Overground at Wood Street station on the Liverpool Street to Chingford line. One of the Great Trees of London , the Wood Street Horse Chestnut , is located next to the former Jones's Butchers Shop, a grade II listed, late 18th century weatherboarded building. The tree is thought to be upwards of 175 years old. Wood Street is home to Wood Street Indoor Market. The market

1156-670: Is situated on Markhouse Road, on the corner of Downsfield Road. There is a lantern at the top of the tower, which also contains a spiral staircase. The church was erected because of the generosity of Captain David King of the shipbuilding firm of Bullard King & Co which also ran the Natal Direct Shipping Line, which ran ships direct from London to Durban without stopping at the Cape . In 1885, John Kemp Starley , originally from Church Hill in Walthamstow, designed

1224-489: Is situated south of the North Circular Road . Walthamstow Central is the main transport hub. Walthamstow Village conservation area is a district to the east of what has become the commercial centre of Walthamstow. The area is roughly defined as being south of Church Hill, west of Shernhall Street, north of Grove Road, and east of Hoe Street. Orford Road is the main route through the district, though even this

1292-547: Is the area's busiest interchange. It is the northern terminus of the London Underground Victoria line , which provides the area with a direct connection to Tottenham , the West End and Brixton . The station is also served by London Overground services between London Liverpool Street and Chingford , via Hackney Downs . There is an out-of-station interchange with Walthamstow Queen's Road , which

1360-423: The 2012 Summer Olympics , the town has become increasingly popular mostly as a result of gentrification . Local property prices increased at a high rate of 22.3% from 2013 to 2014, compared to London's average of 17.8%. It has turned Walthamstow into a 'trendy' town similar to Shoreditch . The leafy Walthamstow Village in particular has become sought-after by buyers. On 29 May 2015, a regular local unicyclist

1428-586: The BSA group 's Daimler Hire Limited in February 1920. Finding the Airco group's financial circumstances much worse than they had understood BSA immediately placed most of Holt Thomas's business in the hands of a liquidator and BSA's holding company suffered very serious losses being obliged to pay no dividend for the four subsequent years. Holt Thomas was on the BSA board only a matter of days. Holt Thomas remained

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1496-547: The Municipal Borough of Leyton to form the London Borough of Waltham Forest in Greater London . Other places in east London formerly of the county of Essex, such as Ilford and Romford were placed into London Boroughs along with Walthamstow. None of the postal district names or codes was changed at this time (e.g. Ilford remained Ilford, Essex IG1-IG6 and Walthamstow remained London E17 ). Since

1564-672: The Royal Aircraft Factory in Farnborough, might be available, he invited de Havilland to join Airco as designer. His Airco designs, pre-fixed with his initials D.H., made up around 30% of all trainers, fighters and bombers used by Britain and the United States during the First World War. By November 1918 and the armistice Holt Thomas was able to advertise that his was the largest aircraft company in

1632-550: The Second World War and urban redevelopment projects in the 1960s and 1970s have left areas with more modern housing, mostly in the shape of low-rise concrete blocks. The northern continuation of Markhouse Road is St James's Street to which Blackhorse Road follows, served by underground and railway stations, which in turn becomes Blackhorse Lane. This is bound on its western side by industrial units and warehouses. The London Borough of Waltham Forest has proposed developing

1700-468: The electoral wards within the London Borough of Waltham Forest: Chapel End (northeastern part), Higham Hill (northwestern part), High Street (western), Hoe Street (inner-eastern and Walthamstow Village ), Markhouse (southwestern), William Morris (northern), and Wood Street (eastern and Upper Walthamstow ). The 2011 census counted a total population of 109,424 of all these wards combined. As of

1768-475: The thermal efficiency was 9.30 per cent. It was subsequently demolished. From 1894 the Municipal Borough of Walthamstow was an urban district and from 1929 a municipal borough in Essex . In 1931 the population of the borough, covering an area of 4,342 acres (1,757 hectares), peaked at 132,972. In 1965 the borough was abolished and its former area merged with that of the Municipal Borough of Chingford and

1836-739: The 2011 census, White British is the largest ethnicity in all wards. Other White is the second largest in all wards except Markhouse. The other double-digit ethnicities are Pakistani and Black African. The minority ethnic proportion ranges from 48.5% in Chapel End to 58.2% in Markhouse. The male life expectancy ranged from 77.2 years in Hoe Street to 82.1 years in Chapel End; the female life expectancy ranged from 82.1 years in both Higham Hill and Hoe Street to 84.8 years in High Street. This data covers 2009–2013. The median house price as of 2014

1904-709: The Borough. The power station in Exeter Street had three brick chimneys and an array of wooden cooling towers. In 1923 the revenue to the Borough from sales of electricity was £109,909. Upon nationalisation of the electricity industry in 1948 ownership of the station passed to the British Electricity Authority and later to the Central Electricity Generating Board . The CEGB closed the station in 1967 when

1972-471: The Editor of The Times . The Royal Commission on Awards to Inventors whose inventions had been used during the war awarded him in 1925 a sum far more than any other industrialist received. At his country home North Dean House, Hughenden, Buckinghamshire he took up the breeding of Friesian dairy cattle. Holt Thomas died at Cimiez near Nice, France on 1 January 1929 in his 60th year following surgery in

2040-634: The Farman brothers Dick , Henri and Maurice Farman born in Paris of English parents involved with newspapers. Through the Farmans he engaged a French pilot, Louis Paulhan , to compete for the £10,000 prize Holt Thomas's friend Lord Northcliffe of the Daily Mail offered in 1906 for a successful flight from London to Manchester, a distance far greater than anyone had then flown. In April 1910 Paulhan won

2108-481: The French company, known from the beginning of 1915 as Société des Moteurs Gnome et Rhône . Because the entire engine rotated they had to be precisely balanced, which necessitated precision machining of all parts and they were therefore extremely expensive to build. By the middle of 1917 the principal businesses of Peter Hooker Limited, both activities requiring great precision, were the manufacture of aero engines using

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2176-755: The Norman nobleman Ralph de Tosny or Toeni (also known as Raoul IV de Conches) in 1103. When her husband died, c.  1126 , Alice gave the church of Walthamstow to the Priors of the Holy Trinity based in Aldgate, London. King John stayed in Walthamstow for two nights in February 1208. In the 1660s Sir William Batten , Surveyor of the Navy, and his wife Elizabeth Woodcocke had a house in Wood Street where, according to Samuel Pepys , Batten lived "like

2244-558: The United States and New Zealand through India and Australia. When the armistice came Holt Thomas turned his considerable abilities to keeping his aviation business together and brought in Sefton Brancker , Francis Festing and Mervyn O'Gorman . Aircraft Transport & Travel began the world's first scheduled air service on 25 August 1919. Holt Thomas's hopes for civil aviation were not at once realised. His Airco group of companies seemed near failure when he sold them into

2312-519: The area are in London fare zone 3 , except for Wood Street which is in zone 4 . London Buses routes 20 , 34 , 55 , 58 , 69 , 97 , 123 , 158 , 212 , 215 , 230 , 257 , 275 , 357 , 675 , SL1 , SL2 , W11 , W12 , W15 , W16 , W19 and night routes N26 , N38 and N73 serve the area. Walthamstow bus station is next to Walthamstow Central station, along Selborne Road. Several arterial routes pass through Walthamstow which link

2380-476: The area around Blackhorse Road railway station to become a gateway to the town. Although bounded by the marshes to the west and parts of Epping Forest to the east, there is little open space in the actual town. There used to be two commons in the town, Church Common, adjacent to St. Mary's Church in Walthamstow Village and Markhouse Common, located off Markhouse Lane (now Markhouse Road) and what

2448-465: The catalogue of products and transferred operations to Peterborough early in 1935. The principal machine tool products were mechanical lapping machines and thread grinding machines used in all types of precision engineering but particularly in the making of aero and motor car engines. George Holt Thomas died in 1929. Ben Hooker died in 1932 leaving a substantial estate. George Holt Thomas George Holt Thomas (31 March 1869 – 1 January 1929)

2516-608: The clerk of the Tottenham Council had asked the Air Ministry to arrange further testing of the giant new engine known as Stromboli for daytime or away from London. The 12-cylinder engine could produce more than 1500 horsepower. Airliners fitted with three of them might well be able to carry 100 passengers at more than 100 mph. This engine was intended for airships. In May 1926 the chairman of BSA reported to BSA shareholders that Peter Hooker Limited (in liquidation)

2584-719: The district to other areas in London and the East of England . To the north, the A406 (North Circular) runs east–west around Walthamstow. The road links the district to Ilford , the M11 (for Stansted Airport ) and London City Airport to the east. To the west, the North Circular passes through Edmonton , Finchley and Brent Cross en route to Chiswick . The route meets the M1 and M4 motorways (for Luton and Heathrow airports). To

2652-484: The end of the war Holt Thomas formed Aircraft Transport & Travel Limited , sometimes erroneously called Aircraft Travel & Transport, which he registered on 5 October 1916. He was concerned that aviation had not been sufficiently seriously regarded before 1914 and the same should not be allowed to happen to civil aviation which would develop once peace was achieved. He painted word pictures of trunk routes through Britain and Ireland with links throughout Europe even to

2720-431: The first modern bicycle, and in 1892, Frederick Bremer built the first British motorcar in a workshop in his garden, at Connaught Road. The vehicle is on display at the Vestry House Museum in Walthamstow. The LGOC X-type and B-type buses were built at Blackhorse Lane from October 1908 onwards. The B-type is considered one of the first mass-production buses. The manufacturing operation later became AEC , famous as

2788-519: The hospital there. "His kindness, charming and restrained manner, and quiet enthusiasm will always be remembered. No one who met him in those early days can visualize him as a business man but as an aviation enthusiast, keen on our progress from a national point of view... This pioneer was a great Englishman and his loss will be regretted by many." Colonel G W Dawes, DSO, AFC The Times Walthamstow Walthamstow ( / ˈ w ɔː l θ əm s t oʊ / or / ˈ w ɒ l θ əm s t oʊ / )

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2856-494: The manufacturer of many of London's buses. On 13 June 1909, A. V. Roe's aircraft took to the air from Walthamstow Marshes. It was the first all-British aircraft and was given the ominous nickname of the "Yellow Terror" but officially carried the name Avro1. Roe later founded the Avro aircraft company, which later built the acclaimed Avro Lancaster . Walthamstow Borough Corporation had been authorised in 1904 to supply electricity to

2924-400: The marriage. After Thomas left university in 1890 he joined his father's newspaper business as a director then became its general manager and later founded The Bystander with its comic strip character "Old Bill" and Empire Illustrated so making his own name and fortune. During 1906 he turned his attention to aviation, recognising its extraordinary potential. He became associated with

2992-523: The municipal boroughs of Chingford and Leyton to form the new Waltham Forest local authority district, becoming part of Greater London . The borough council is based at Waltham Forest Town Hall on Forest Road. Walthamstow is recorded c.  1075 as Wilcumestowe ("the Place of Welcome") and in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Wilcumestou . The Domesday Book describes Wilcumestou as

3060-440: The name "The British Gnôme and Le Rhône Engine Company" and the manufacture of Newall gauges. The works of these two businesses at Black Horse Lane, Walthamstow occupied two-thirds of the freehold approximately 26-acre site. At that time numbers employed were workpersons 1,500 and staff 250, a total of 1,750 and the owners were Airco Limited and George Holt Thomas . By this time Peter Hooker Limited needed more capital and went to

3128-682: The north of Walthamstow, at the Crooked Billet Roundabout (North Circular), there is an automatic monitoring site which recorded an average NO 2 concentration of 61.1μg/m3 ( micrograms per cubic metre ) in 2017. This fails to meet the UK National Air Quality Objective set by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) at 40μg/m3. Alternative roadside monitoring sites along Hoe Street and Selborne Road also failed to meet

3196-435: The period he was Holt Thomas's general manager of Aircraft Manufacturing Company at Hendon (1914–1919) refers to the establishment of a factory to manufacture Gnome engines in Walthamstow, London, 1914. Burroughes remained a significant force active in the aviation industry until he retired from the board of Hawker-Siddeley in 1966 aged 82. The original business of Newall Engineering Company of Atherton's Quay, Warrington ,

3264-450: The premises and they would shortly be employing more than 2,000 people there The works manager, Wallace Charles Devereux , and some staff took some of the plant to Slough and began High Duty Alloys Limited . In 1928 this part of the business was bought by Sydney Player who set up a new operation at Ponders End , Essex forming a new company with the old name, Newall Engineering Company Limited. Later, in 1933, he added machine tools to

3332-522: The prize. In 1911, Holt Thomas formed Aircraft Manufacturing Company Limited to build French Farman aeroplanes and obtained licences to build French Gnome and Le Rhone engines. The Farman biplanes were used as trainers by the Royal Flying Corps . (Note: AIRCO Group included: The Gnome & Le Rhone Engine Co— Peter Hooker Limited, Integral Propeller Co. & May, Harden & May Ltd.) Learning that Geoffrey de Havilland , then at

3400-498: The same time, a large plot at the corner of High Street and Hoe Street was set for substantial redevelopment as a retail space. This site was previously the location of the town's central post office and a shopping arcade built in the 1960s. Plans for the redevelopment of this site initially fell through in 2005, but work on a new cinema, flats and restaurants started in April 2013 and was completed in December 2014. As of 2024, there

3468-447: The site's sale was completed in early 1928 and the company was voluntarily wound up by its then shareholders towards the end of the same year. Operations finished at the end of 1927 on the agreement of a sale of the Walthamstow works—which had been for sale since 1921. The sale of Straker-Squire 's premises at Edmonton was reported in the same item. On 21 January 1928 Messrs Achille Serre , dyers and cleaners, announced they had purchased

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3536-612: The southeast of nearby Leytonstone , the A12 ( Eastern Avenue ) carries traffic northeast towards the M25 , Romford , and destinations in Essex and Suffolk . Southwest, the A12 passes around Stratford and Hackney Wick before terminating in Poplar . Other routes include: The London Borough of Waltham Forest monitors kerbside and roadside Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) levels in Walthamstow. To

3604-613: The stock exchange for it. Financial commentators noted that Hooker's issue of £250,000 of debenture stock to the public in July 1917 met a comparatively poor response when compared with the issue of Straker-Squire Limited, manufacturers of motor vehicles. The Straker-Squire issue was over-subscribed three times but for Hooker's ". . . an appreciable proportion of the amount offered" was not taken up. BSA acquired this whole business from George Holt Thomas and his Airco group in January 1920. It

3672-494: The town expanded rapidly in the 19th century, becoming part of the urban area of the city. It has formed part of the Metropolitan Police District since 1840, and the London postal district since its inception in 1856. The parish became a local board district in 1873, an urban district in 1894 and a municipal borough in 1929. Following reform of local government in London in 1965 , it merged with

3740-514: The town's east-to-west High Street, Walthamstow Market is the longest outdoor market in Europe. East of the town centre is Walthamstow Village , the oldest part of Walthamstow, and the location of St Mary's Church , the town's parish church. To the north of the town is the former Walthamstow Stadium , which was considered an East End landmark. The William Morris Gallery in Forest Road,

3808-500: The village were run. A new town hall designed by architect Philip Dalton Hepworth in the Nordic Classical style was built between 1938 and 1942. Until the late 19th century Walthamstow was largely rural, with a small village centre (now Walthamstow Village ) and a number of large estates. The main route through the district was Hoe Street. There were various smaller lanes crossing the town. The road now known as Forest Road

3876-626: The war this part of the business was taken over and operated as a National Gauge Factory by the Ministry of Munitions. In February 1919 it was reported in Flight that it had now reverted to Peter Hooker Limited. A new general manager had been appointed R J Bray previously director of the Machine Tool Section, Aircraft Production Department. Peter Hooker Limited used this name on the rotary aero engines it manufactured under licence from

3944-525: The works at Walthamstow and all the plant & machinery were advertised for sale. In September 1922 a town's meeting at Walthamstow asked that the government disregard the Treasury's regulation that no orders be placed with a company in liquidation and place orders for Peter Hooker's newly developed engines. Peter Hooker Limited made a 1.5-litre 8-cylinder racing car engine to his design for J. G. Parry-Thomas 's "flat iron" cars. Newspapers reported that

4012-442: The world. His companies built aeroplanes and their engines and propellers in large numbers and also airships and flying boats. He had the latest metal-working machinery, a laboratory for materials testing and a wind tunnel. Between 7,000 and 8,000 people were employed at Hendon. His companies turned out a new aircraft every 45 minutes. Hendon became a 'white elephant' which he endeavoured to sell to car manufacturers. With an eye to

4080-425: Was an aviation industry pioneer and newspaper proprietor. In 1911, Holt Thomas founded the business which became Aircraft Manufacturing Company Limited or Airco . Son and grandson of successful artists, he initially followed his father into The Graphic and Daily Graphic newspaper business in 1890, later making his own name and fortune by founding The Bystander and Empire Illustrated magazines. Something of

4148-476: Was built in the early 20th century. From Coppermill Lane in the west (next to the marshes), to Wood Street in the east, there are thousands of terraced streets dating to the Edwardian era and the 1920s. The area along Markhouse Road and St James Street has many examples of Warner properties. These were developed as affordable housing for the working classes in the early part of the 20th century. Bombing raids in

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4216-432: Was continuing in business at a profit under the control of the receiver appointed by the bank. As the assets far exceeded the value of the amount owed to the bank they were willing for it to continue. Not enough business was found in the 1920s to support the retention of their 40-acre site at Walthamstow with its more than 400,000 square feet of workshops built little more than two decades earlier. Operations had ended when

4284-416: Was founded about 1890. It was a pioneer in introducing gauges to the engineering trade which enabled the manufacture of interchangeable component parts by a standard limit system. In 1909 Peter Hooker Limited purchased the complete business: plant, stock, patents and goodwill of Newall. Newall's were by then makers of limit gauges, measuring machines, micrometers, surface plates etc. During the later part of

4352-411: Was highest in Wood Street ward (£387,500) and lowest in Markhouse ward (£324,000). The High Street is dominated by Walthamstow Market , which began in 1885, and occupies all but the last 100 yards of the street. It is reputed to be a mile long , but in fact measures approximately ⅔ of a mile. It is the longest street market in Europe. The market is open five days a week (not Sunday or Monday), and there

4420-481: Was hit and dragged under by a double decker route 212 bus in Hoe Street. Locals numbering up to 100 people helped to pull the bus off the unicyclist. The MP for Walthamstow, Stella Creasy , later said she was "proud" of the community for saving the unicyclist's life. Walthamstow elects councillors to Waltham Forest London Borough Council . It is within the Walthamstow parliamentary constituency . Walthamstow

4488-451: Was originally called Clay Street. Further south, the High Street was named Marsh Street, and led from the original settlement out to the marshes . Shernhall Street is an ancient route, as is Wood Street, to the east. With the advent of the railways and the ensuing suburbanisation in the late 19th century, Walthamstow experienced a large growth in population and speculative building. The Lighthouse Methodist Church which dates from 1893

4556-558: Was the site of a cinema from 1912 to 1955, operated by the Penny Picture Theatre Co. It re-opened under new independent management in 1953 as the Rio Cinema, but this was short lived and it closed in 1955. Now the market is filled with quirky market traders, and was documented in a short documentary made by Mark Windows. Walthamstow has a wide variety of housing stock, but the vast majority of residential property

4624-430: Was then discovered that certain contracts with H G Burford & Co and D Napier & Son amounting to more than £1,000,000 were so unremunerative as to involve a probable loss of £250,000. BSA advised they did not intend to carry on the business but would liquidate it. It was noted by the BSA chairman that the profit of Peter Hooker Limited for the year ended 31 July 1919 had been more than £200,000. In February 1921

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