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105-510: Duke Davis (Cooper) is a stage-show promoter in love with Ethel Andrews (Horne), a popular singer in his company dubbed "the Bronze Venus". Duke finds out that big-time promoters from New York City want to propel Ethel into the big leagues, but Ethel, out of loyalty and love for Duke, refuses to leave his small-time show. Duke, in a selfless act, orchestrates a deception to force Ethel to leave his show in order to better her career. However,

210-486: A New York publisher who was acquitted in his 1735 landmark court case, setting the precedent that truth was a legitimate defense against accusations of libel . Major newspapers emphasizing coverage of the New York metropolitan region outside the city include Newsday , which covers primarily Long Island but also New York City, (especially Brooklyn and Queens ), The Journal News , which covers Westchester County, to

315-631: A decade between Irish immigrants and Black people for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground. At least 120 people were killed. Eleven Black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of Blacks to flee. The Black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865. The White working class had established dominance. It was one of the worst incidents of civil unrest in American history . In 1886,

420-660: A long history in American magazine publishing based in New York City . In the 1930s, New York-based RCA was the nation's largest manufacturer of phonographs . In the late 19th and early 20th century, most sheet music in the United States—especially the popular songs of the day, many now standards—was printed at Tin Pan Alley , so called because the constant sound of new songs being tried out on pianos in

525-523: A part of the colony of New York . It became a center of slavery , with 42% of households enslaving Africans by 1730. Most were domestic slaves ; others were hired out as labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banking and shipping industries trading with the American South . During construction in Foley Square in

630-519: A reputation as a despotic leader. He instituted regulations on liquor sales, attempted to assert control over the Dutch Reformed Church , and blocked other religious groups from establishing houses of worship. In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel Richard Nicolls , without bloodshed. The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in

735-531: A result of Sandy, and the economic losses in New York City were estimated to be roughly $ 19 billion. The disaster spawned long-term efforts towards infrastructural projects to counter climate change and rising seas, with $ 15 billion in federal funding received through 2022 towards those resiliency efforts. In March 2020, the first case of COVID-19 in the city was confirmed. With its population density and its extensive exposure to global travelers,

840-485: A speech denying the request, which was paraphrased on the front page of the New York Daily News as "FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD." The Municipal Assistance Corporation was formed and granted oversight authority over the city's finances. While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into

945-483: Is a global center of finance and commerce , culture , technology , entertainment and media , academics and scientific output , the arts and fashion , and, as home to the headquarters of the United Nations , international diplomacy . With an estimated population in 2023 of 8,258,035 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km ), the city is the most densely populated major city in

1050-461: Is a 15-acre (61,000 m ) modern movie studio complex in a former shipyard where The Producers and The Inside Man , a Spike Lee movie, were filmed. New York was, and to a certain extent still is, also important within the animation industry. Until 1938, it served as the home of Fleischer Studios (who produced the Popeye , Betty Boop , and Color Classics shorts for Paramount Pictures ) as well as

1155-539: Is a network owned-and-operated station . Two asterisks (**) indicates channel is a network flagship station . Because of its sheer size and cultural influence, New York City has been the subject of many different, and often contradictory, portrayals in mass media. From the sophisticated and worldly metropolis seen in many Woody Allen films, to the hellish and chaotic urban jungle depicted in such movies as Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), New York has served as

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1260-561: Is a prominent African-American newspaper. The Village Voice was the largest alternative newspaper until it ceased publishing in 2018. The television industry developed in New York and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The four major American broadcast networks, ABC , CBS , Fox , and NBC , are all headquartered in New York. Many cable channels are based in the city as well, including CNN, MSNBC , MTV , Fox News , HBO , and Comedy Central . In 2005 there were more than 100 television shows taped in New York City. New York

1365-632: Is a source of work for animators working for any medium, from advertising to film. Silvercup Studios has expanded in Long Island City, Queens with numerous soundstages, production and studio support space, offices for media and entertainment companies, stores, 1,000 apartments in high-rise towers, a catering hall and a cultural institution, built at the edge of the East River in Queens, overlooking Manhattan , and maintaining its status as

1470-633: Is active in defending free speech, the promotion of literature, and the fostering of international literary fellowship. Author Jennifer Egan is its current president. Some of the most important literary journals in the United States are in New York. These include The Paris Review , The New York Review of Books , n+1 , and New York Quarterly . Other New York literary publications include Circumference , Open City , The Manhattan Review , The Coffin Factory , Fence , and Telos . New York

1575-505: Is also a major center for non-commercial media. The oldest public-access cable television channel in the United States is the Manhattan Neighborhood Network , founded in 1971. WNET is the city's major public television station and a primary provider of national Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) programming. WNYC , a public radio station owned by the city until 1997, has the largest public radio audience in

1680-451: Is also home to the US offices of Granta . New York is a prominent location for the American entertainment industry , with many films , television series, books, and other media being set there. As of 2012 , New York City was the second largest center for filmmaking and television production in the United States, producing about 200 feature films annually, employing 130,000 individuals;

1785-515: Is also taped. BET is headquartered on 57th Street. The Colbert Report is produced by Comedy Central on 54th Street , and The Daily Show , also produced by Comedy Central, is produced just a few blocks over on 11th avenue and West 53rd street. Glenn Beck's The Blaze TV has a studio in Manhattan. Over a thousand people are involved with producing the various Law & Order television series. In 2005 there were more than 100 new and returning television shows taped in New York City, according to

1890-467: Is an established safe haven for global investors. As of 2023 , New York City is the most expensive city in the world for expatriates and has by a wide margin the highest U.S. city residential rents; and Fifth Avenue is the most expensive shopping street in the world. New York City is home by a significant margin to the highest number of billionaires , individuals of ultra-high net worth (greater than US$ 30 million), and millionaires of any city in

1995-482: Is known for its beat coverage of city neighborhoods, and its coverage of City Hall and state politics is closely watched by political insiders. For years, several soap operas were filmed in the New York City area, including Another World , As the World Turns , Guiding Light , All My Children and One Life to Live . As of 2012, there are no New York soap operas left on the air. Asterisk (*) indicates channel

2100-606: Is large and diverse. Major ethnic publications include the Roman Catholic diocesan paper for Brooklyn-Queens, The Tablet and Jewish-American newspapers The Jewish Daily Forward (פֿאָרװערטס; Forverts , published in Yiddish and English ) (founded in 1897), and African-American newspapers , including the long-time newspaper The New York Amsterdam News (founded in 1909) and Brooklyn -based Our Time Press . The Epoch Times , an international newspaper published by

2205-522: Is not the only measure of the diversity of New York City's newspapers, with editorial opinions running from left-leaning at alternative papers like the Village Voice (before its closure in 2018), to conservative at the New York Post . New York Observer covers politics and the city's rich and powerful with unusual depth. The tradition of a free press owes much to John Peter Zenger ,

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2310-552: Is the most populous city in the United States , located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors . The city comprises five boroughs , each coextensive with a respective county . The city is the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area , the largest metropolitan area in the U.S. by both population and urban area . New York

2415-512: Is the home of the three traditional major American television networks , ABC , CBS and NBC , as well as Spanish-language networks Univision and Telemundo. They each have local broadcast owned and operated stations which serve as the flagship stations of their networks. Outside of the 29 counties in the New York DMA , the ABC, CBS and NBC affiliates are carried by cable company Claro in

2520-461: The New York Post (circulation 414,254), and the Daily News (circulation 227,352). The Wall Street Journal (circulation 2.2 million), published in New York City, is a national-scope business newspaper and the first or second most-read newspaper in the nation, depending on measurement method. El Diario La Prensa (circulation 265,000) is New York's largest Spanish-language daily and

2625-454: The "Big Four" music labels are headquartered in the city: Sony Music Entertainment and Warner Music Group . The world headquarters of MTV is also in New York. Many major music magazines are headquartered in the city as well, including Blender Magazine , Punk Magazine , Spin and Rolling Stone . New York City is home to 4 of the 10 largest papers in the United States. These include The New York Times (circulation 571,500),

2730-742: The Apollo Theater for 50 years. The movie features singer Lena Horne and the Cats and the Fiddle singing group. Horne as Ethel sings the Harvey Brooks & Ben Ellison composition "I Know You Remember", with lyrics apropos of the film, "You and I have made a small beginning..." Horne also sings "Don't Let Our Love Song Turn Me Blue", with a lyric that foreshadows one of her future great roles: "True love will guide us through stormy weather"; and she reprises "I Know You Remember". The Cats &

2835-810: The Atlantic port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the Great Lakes . Local politics became dominated by Tammany Hall , a political machine supported by Irish and German immigrants . In 1831, New York University was founded. Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including William Cullen Bryant , Washington Irving , Herman Melville , Rufus Wilmot Griswold , John Keese , Nathaniel Parker Willis , and Edgar Allan Poe . Members of

2940-909: The Crown , with as many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation, the largest such community on the continent. When the British forces evacuated New York at the close of the war in 1783, they transported thousands of freedmen for resettlement in Nova Scotia , England, and the Caribbean . The attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the Conference House on Staten Island between American delegates, including Benjamin Franklin , and British general Lord Howe on September 11, 1776. Shortly after

3045-929: The Dominican Republic , and the NBC affiliate is simulcast on Puerto Rico on channel 2.3 . Newscasts from the NBC and ABC affiliates are simulcast on WVGN-LD in the US Virgin Islands and WORA-TV in Puerto Rico respectively. The CW affiliate WPIX is a superstation carried by cable providers in Canada and the Lesser Antilles . It is also the headquarters of several large cable television channels, including MTV , Fox News , HBO , and Comedy Central . Silvercup Studios , located in Queens

3150-1055: The Falun Gong , has English and Chinese editions in New York. There are seven dailies published in Chinese and four in Spanish . Multiple daily papers are published in Italian , Greek , Polish , and Korean , and other weekly newspapers serve dozens of different ethnic communities, with ten separate newspapers focusing on the African-American community alone. Many nationally distributed ethnic newspapers are based in Astoria, Chinatown or Brooklyn. Over 60 ethnic groups, writing in 42 languages, publishing over 200 non-English language magazines and newspapers in New York City, including newspapers in 95 non-English languages and local radio broadcasts in over 30 languages. Ethnic variation

3255-537: The NAACP , but Lena Horne's husband – who was opposed to her making the film – refused to allow her to attend, because she hadn't yet been paid for her work on the film. The Duke Is Tops has been released on DVD in North America. The film is in the public domain in the U.S., and as such is available in multiple editions. New York City New York , often called New York City or NYC ,

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3360-742: The New York City Fire Department and 71 law enforcement officers. The area was rebuilt with a new World Trade Center , the National September 11 Memorial and Museum , and other new buildings and infrastructure, including the World Trade Center Transportation Hub , the city's third-largest hub. The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere and the seventh-tallest building in

3465-1000: The Northwest Passage to the Orient for the Dutch East India Company . He sailed up what the Dutch called North River (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange . Hudson claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay was claimed by the Netherlands and called Nieuw-Nederland (' New Netherland '). The first non–Native American inhabitant of what became New York City

3570-576: The Statue of Liberty , a gift from France , was dedicated in New York Harbor. The statue welcomed 14 million immigrants as they came to the U.S. via Ellis Island by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is a symbol of the United States and American ideals of liberty and peace. In 1898, the City of New York was formed with the consolidation of Brooklyn (until then a separate city),

3675-709: The Stonewall riots were a series of violent protests by members of the gay community against a police raid that took place in the early morning of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village . They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights . Wayne R. Dynes , author of the Encyclopedia of Homosexuality , wrote that drag queens were

3780-554: The steamship General Slocum caught fire in the East River , killing 1,021 people. In 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire , the city's worst industrial disaster, killed 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and major improvements in factory safety standards. New York's non-White population was 36,620 in 1890. New York City

3885-584: The waterfronts since Dutch colonial times; reclamation is most prominent in Lower Manhattan, with developments such as Battery Park City in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of the natural relief in topography has been evened out, especially in Manhattan. Media in New York City New York City has been called the media capital of the world. The media of New York City are internationally influential and include some of

3990-426: The 1980s and 1990s, hip hop labels including Def Jam , Roc-A-Fella and Bad Boy Records were founded in New York, creating what is known as East Coast hip hop . These labels continue to be among the largest hip-hop labels in the world. Other influential New York-based hip hop labels, past and present, include Cold Chillin' Records , Jive Records , Loud Records , Rawkus Records and Tommy Boy Records . Two of

4095-515: The 1990s came new portrayals on television; Seinfeld , Friends , and Sex and the City showed life in the city to be glamorous and interesting. Nonetheless, a disproportionate number of crime dramas, such as Law & Order and the Spider-Man film series, continue to use the city as their setting despite New York's status as the safest large city in the United States after plummeting crime rates over many years. An essay appearing in

4200-552: The 1990s, the African Burying Ground was discovered; the cemetery included 10,000 to 20,000 graves of colonial-era Africans, some enslaved and some free. The 1735 trial and acquittal in Manhattan of John Peter Zenger , who had been accused of seditious libel after criticizing colonial governor William Cosby , helped to establish freedom of the press in North America . In 1754, Columbia University

4305-538: The 19th century, the city was transformed by both commercial and residential development relating to its status as a national and international trading center , as well as by European immigration, respectively. The city adopted the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 , which expanded the city street grid to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the Erie Canal through central New York connected

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4410-520: The Arts section of The New York Times in April 2006 quoted several filmmakers, including Sidney Lumet and Paul Mazursky , describing how modern cinema shows the city as far more "teeming, terrifying, exhilarating, unforgiving" than contemporary New York actually is, and the consequential challenge this poses for filmmakers. The article quotes Robert Greenhut, Woody Allen's producer, as saying that despite

4515-700: The British occupation began, the Great Fire of New York destroyed nearly 500 buildings, about a quarter of the structures in the city, including Trinity Church . In January 1785, the assembly of the Congress of the Confederation made New York City the national capital. New York was the last capital of the U.S. under the Articles of Confederation and the first capital under the Constitution of

4620-530: The Bronx , and Staten Island . Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District, Manhattan , New York City has been called both the world's premier financial and fintech center and the most economically powerful city in the world. As of 2022 , the New York metropolitan area is the largest metropolitan economy in the world , with a gross metropolitan product of over US$ 2.16 trillion. If

4725-399: The County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens. The opening of the New York City Subway in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together. Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication. In 1904,

4830-459: The Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the Dutch West Indies ). In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant began his tenure as the last Director-General of New Netherland. During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000. Stuyvesant has been credited with improving law and order; however, he earned

4935-413: The Dutch colonial Director-General Peter Minuit , as charged by the Dutch West India Company , purchased the island of Manhattan from the Canarsie , a small Lenape band, for "the value of 60 guilders " (about $ 900 in 2018). A frequently told but disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $ 24 worth of glass beads. Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly. To attract settlers,

5040-478: The Dutch instituted the patroon system in 1628, whereby wealthy Dutchmen ( patroons , or patrons) who brought 50 colonists to New Netherland would be awarded land, local political autonomy, and rights to participate in the lucrative fur trade. This program had little success. Since 1621, the Dutch West India Company had operated as a monopoly in New Netherland, on authority granted by the Dutch States General . In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth,

5145-410: The Fiddle sing "Killin' Jive." "I Know You Remember" and "Don't Let Our Love Song Turn Into a Blues," had words and music by Ben Ellison and Harvey Brooks. The composers of "Harlem is Harmony," "When You Smoke" and "Thursday Evening Swing" are undetermined. Variety wrote about Lena Horne that she was "a rather inept actress, but something to look at and hear." The film's premiere was a benefit for

5250-599: The Mayor's Office of Film, Theater and Broadcasting. WNET , New York's largest public television station, is a primary national provider of PBS programming. The oldest public-access television network in the United States is the Manhattan Neighborhood Network , well known for its eclectic local origination programming that ranges from a jazz hour to discussion of labor issues to foreign language and religious programming. There are eight other Public-access television channels in New York, including Brooklyn Community Access Television (BCAT). As part of use of local rights-of-way,

5355-420: The Native Americans and epidemics brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizeable population losses for the Lenape between 1660 and 1670. By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200. New York experienced several yellow fever epidemics in the 18th century, losing ten percent of its population in 1702 alone. In the early 18th century, New York grew in importance as a trading port while as

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5460-405: The New York metropolitan area were its own country , it would have the tenth-largest economy in the world . Despite having a 24/7 rapid transit system , New York also leads the world in urban automobile traffic congestion . The city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by market capitalization of their listed companies: the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq . New York City

5565-578: The Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-Black population gradually developed in Manhattan. The New York Manumission Society worked for abolition and established the African Free School to educate Black children. It was not until 1827 that slavery was completely abolished in the state . Free Blacks struggled with discrimination and interracial abolitionist activism continued. New York City's population jumped from 123,706 in 1820 (10,886 of whom were Black and of which 518 were enslaved) to 312,710 by 1840 (16,358 of whom were Black). Also in

5670-447: The U.S. working-age population lives in New York City. New York is also the largest media market in North America (followed by Los Angeles , Chicago , and Toronto ). Some of the city's media conglomerates include CNN (CNN Global) , the Hearst Corporation , NBCUniversal , The New York Times Company , the Fox Corporation and News Corp , the Thomson Reuters Corporation , Warner Bros. Discovery , and Paramount Global . Seven of

5775-415: The United States . As the U.S. capital, New York City hosted the inauguration of the first President, George Washington , and the first Congress , at Federal Hall on Wall Street . Congress drafted the Bill of Rights there. The Supreme Court held its first organizational sessions in New York in 1790. In 1790, for the first time, New York City surpassed Philadelphia as the nation's largest city. At

5880-436: The United States . As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York City, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. In 2021, the city was home to nearly 3.1 million residents born outside the U.S., the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world. New York City traces its origins to Fort Amsterdam and a trading post founded on Manhattan Island by Dutch colonists around 1624. The settlement

5985-434: The United States is based in New York. Publishing houses in the city range from industry giants such as Penguin Group (USA) , HarperCollins , Random House , Scholastic , Simon & Schuster , and Macmillan to small niche houses like Melville House and Lee & Low Books . Three courses on publishing, the Columbia Publishing Course , the NYU Summer Publishing Institute, and the CUNY Publishing Certificate Program, train

6090-505: The United States. The City of New York operates a public broadcast service, NYC Media , that produces several original New York Emmy Award–winning shows covering music and culture in city neighborhoods, as well as city government-access television (GATV). New York City is home to a number of major online media companies, including Yahoo! and its operations under the AOL brand, along with news and entertainment companies like BuzzFeed and VICE Media . The book publishing industry in

6195-416: The United States. New York City has more than double the population of Los Angeles , the nation's second-most populous city. With more than 20.1 million people in its metropolitan statistical area and 23.5 million in its combined statistical area as of 2020, New York City is one of the world's most populous megacities . The city and its metropolitan area are the premier gateway for legal immigration to

6300-456: The Van Beuren Studios (who produced animated shorts for RKO Radio Pictures ) until 1937. New York was later the home for Famous Studios (who replaced Fleischer Studios and continued the production of Popeye shorts for Paramount) from 1943 to the 1960s. Its current position in the animation world is as an alternative to Los Angeles (where most U.S. animation is produced. The city now houses several schools and school programs concerning animation, and

6405-432: The area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême (New Angoulême ). A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain Estêvão Gomes sailing for Emperor Charles V , arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the Hudson River , which he named Río de San Antonio ('Saint Anthony's River'). In 1609, the English explorer Henry Hudson rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for

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6510-405: The backdrop for and bastion of virtually every conceivable viewpoint on big city life. In the early years of film New York City was characterized as urbane and sophisticated. By the city's crisis period in the 1970s, however, films like Midnight Cowboy (1969), The French Connection (1971), and Death Wish (1974) showed New York as full of chaos and violence. With the city's renaissance in

6615-493: The beginning of the 1990s. By the mid-1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification , and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. New York City's population exceeded 8 million for the first time in the 2000 United States census ; further records were set in 2010 , and 2020 U.S. censuses. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley , emerged in

6720-534: The business elite lobbied for the establishment of Central Park , which in 1857 became the first landscaped park in an American city. The Great Irish Famine brought a large influx of Irish immigrants, of whom more than 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, representing over a quarter of the city's population. Extensive immigration from the German provinces meant that Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860. Democratic Party candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing

6825-458: The cable operators in New York have granted Public, educational, and government access (PEG) organizations channels for programming. They also carry the New York State legislative channel available on cable packages with sufficient bandwidth. Another notable channel in the city is NY1 , established in 1992 as Time Warner Cable 's first local news channel and acquired with the rest of Time Warner Cable by Charter Communications in May 2016. NY1

6930-510: The city from New Jersey. The East River—a tidal strait —flows from Long Island Sound and separates the Bronx and Manhattan from Long Island. The Harlem River , another tidal strait between the East and Hudson rivers, separates most of Manhattan from the Bronx. The Bronx River , which flows through the Bronx and Westchester County , is the only entirely freshwater river in the city. The city's land has been altered substantially by human intervention, with considerable land reclamation along

7035-439: The city rapidly replaced Wuhan , China as the global epicenter of the pandemic during the early phase, straining the city's healthcare infrastructure. Through March 2023, New York City recorded more than 80,000 deaths from COVID-19-related complications. New York City is situated in the northeastern United States , in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston . Its location at

7140-447: The city's economy. The advent of Y2K was celebrated with fanfare in Times Square . New York City suffered the bulk of the economic damage and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, attacks . Two of the four airliners hijacked that day were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, resulting in the collapse of both buildings and the deaths of 2,753 people, including 343 first responders from

7245-615: The city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor Fernando Wood called on the aldermen to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on. Anger at new military conscription laws during the American Civil War (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to hire a substitute, led to the Draft Riots of 1863 , whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class. The draft riots deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on Black New Yorkers after fierce competition for

7350-456: The colony and allowed for religious freedom. In 1667, during negotiations leading to the Treaty of Breda after the Second Anglo-Dutch War , the victorious Dutch decided to keep the nascent plantation colony of what is now Suriname , which they had gained from the English, and in return the English kept New Amsterdam. The settlement was promptly renamed "New York" after the Duke of York (the future King James II and VII). The duke gave part of

7455-442: The colony to proprietors George Carteret and John Berkeley . On August 24, 1673, during the Third Anglo-Dutch War , Anthony Colve of the Dutch navy seized New York at the behest of Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest and rechristened it "New Orange" after William III , the Prince of Orange . The Dutch soon returned the island to England under the Treaty of Westminster of November 1674. Several intertribal wars among

7560-417: The development of large housing tracts in eastern Queens and Nassau County , with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The United Nations headquarters was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global geopolitical influence, and the rise of abstract expressionism in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world. In 1969,

7665-406: The end of 1790, the national capital was moved to Philadelphia . During the 19th century, New York City's population grew from 60,000 to 3.43 million. Under New York State's gradual emancipation act of 1799, children of slave mothers were to be eventually liberated but to be held in indentured servitude until their mid-to-late twenties. Together with slaves freed by their masters after

7770-489: The filmed entertainment industry has been growing in New York, contributing nearly US$ 9 billion to the New York City economy alone as of 2015, and by volume, New York is the world leader in independent film production – one-third of all American independent films are produced in New York City. The Association of Independent Commercial Producers is also based in New York. In the first five months of 2014 alone, location filming for television pilots in New York City exceeded

7875-457: The founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island . In 1625, construction was started on a citadel and Fort Amsterdam , later called Nieuw Amsterdam (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island. The colony of New Amsterdam extended from the southern tip of Manhattan to modern-day Wall Street , where a 12-foot (3.7 m) wooden stockade was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and English raids. In 1626,

7980-473: The ice (and its subsequent retreat) contributed to the separation of what is now Long Island and Staten Island. That action left bedrock at a relatively shallow depth, providing a solid foundation for most of Manhattan's skyscrapers. The Hudson River flows through the Hudson Valley into New York Bay . Between New York City and Troy, New York , the river is an estuary . The Hudson River separates

8085-457: The largest number of Jews and Italians outside Israel and Italy , respectively, has also been a flourishing scene for both Jewish American literature and Italian-American literature. New York is also home to PEN America , the largest of the 141 centers of PEN International , the world's oldest human rights organization and the oldest international literary organization. PEN America plays an important role in New York's literary community and

8190-539: The largest production house on the U.S. East Coast . Steiner Studios in Brooklyn still has the largest individual soundstage, however. Miramax Films , a Big Ten film studio, was the largest motion picture distribution and production company headquartered in the city until it moved to Burbank, California in January 2010. Many smaller independent producers and distributors are located in New York. New York City has

8295-491: The last American stronghold in Manhattan, causing George Washington and his forces to retreat across the Hudson River to New Jersey , pursued by British forces. After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, the British made the city their military and political base of operations in North America. The city was a haven for Loyalist refugees and escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom promised by

8400-476: The latter are G/O Media , BuzzFeed (which now owns HuffPost since 2020) and Weblogs, Inc. , which is currently part of Yahoo . The satirical newspaper The Onion (online-only since 2013) was based in New York from 2000 to 2012. Asterisk (*) indicates a non-commercial ( public radio / campus / educational ) broadcast. ([RDS]) — indicates a supported by the Radio Data System . New York City

8505-418: The loss of the Bronze Venus causes Duke's own career to collapse and he soon finds himself working on a travelling medicine show where he goes from town to town, introducing a series of specialty musical acts and helping to sell Doc Dorando's all-purpose elixir . But when he hears that Ethel's New York gig is a flop, Duke goes to New York, where he is reunited with her. Soon after, Duke combines his stage show,

8610-734: The medicine show and Ethel's singing into a top nightclub act. Speciality acts appear throughout the film, including Willie Covan , the Basin Street Boys, Rubberneck Holmes, Cats and the Fiddle , the Marie Bryant Swing Band, and the Harlemania Orchestra. The film was shot in 10 days on a shoe-string budget. Ralph Cooper planned to star alongside Nina Mae McKinney as the female lead, but her delayed return from her appearances in Australia led to

8715-479: The most important newspapers , largest publishing houses , biggest record companies , and most prolific television studios in the world. It is a major global center for the book, magazine, music, newspaper, and television industries. The Pew Research Center report "One-in-five U.S. newsroom employees live in New York, Los Angeles or D.C." showcases 12 percent of all U.S. newsroom employees—reporters, editors, photographers, live in New York City while only 7 percent of

8820-419: The most populous urbanized area in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking London . The metropolitan area surpassed 10 million in the early 1930s, becoming the first megacity . The Great Depression saw the election of reformer Fiorello La Guardia as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance. Returning World War II veterans created a post-war economic boom and

8925-616: The mouth of the Hudson River , which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean , has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of the city is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island. During the Wisconsin glaciation , 75,000 to 11,000 years ago, the New York City area was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet . The erosive forward movement of

9030-440: The next generation of editors. New York has also been the setting for countless works of literature, many of them produced by the city's large population of writers (which have included Paul Auster , Don DeLillo , Bret Easton Ellis , Jonathan Safran Foer , Jonathan Franzen , Jhumpa Lahiri , Jonathan Lethem , John O'Hara , Dorothy Parker , Thomas Pynchon , Susan Sontag and many others). The New York City metro area, home to

9135-500: The north along the Hudson River and The Bergen Record and The Star-Ledger , of Newark which cover northern New Jersey across the New York Bay and Hudson River to the west. New York City's digital companies, sometimes described as " Silicon Alley ", include both software companies and companies known primarily as content producers. Among the former are Tumblr (now owned by Automattic ), Foursquare , and AOL . Among

9240-486: The oldest in the nation. There are also several borough-specific newspapers, such as The Brooklyn Daily Eagle and The Staten Island Advance . Free daily newspapers mainly distributed to commuters include amNewYork , Hoy and Metro New York . In addition to the print newspapers, BKLYNER is the leading daily digital news publication reporting on local news and events in Brooklyn. The city's ethnic press

9345-496: The only " transgender folks around" during the June 1969 Stonewall riots. The transgender community in New York City played a significant role in fighting for LGBT equality. In the 1970s, job losses due to industrial restructuring caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates. Growing fiscal deficits in 1975 led the city to appeal to the federal government for financial aid; President Gerald Ford gave

9450-532: The publishing houses was said to sound like a tin pan. By the early 1960s the radio and musical stars of the Golden Age of Broadway gave way to the Brill Building 's "Brill Sound". Salsa music , which got its start in New York City in the mid-1960s, was popularized by the New York record label Fania Records , which developed a highly polished "Fania sound" that came to be synonymous with salsa. In

9555-411: The record production levels for all of 2013, with New York surpassing Los Angeles as the top North American city for the same distinction during the 2013/2014 cycle. International film makers are featured prominently in New York City as well. In the earliest days of the American film industry, New York was the epicenter of filmmaking. However, the drier weather of Hollywood and tax incentives offered at

9660-471: The role to be recast. The Duke Is Tops features the film debut of singer Lena Horne, then aged 20, who had yet to develop the style she would use in her later films for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . She has a rare major acting role in this film, absent from her later career except for 1943's Cabin in the Sky , Stormy Weather and a few others. The original top-billed star, Ralph Cooper, was host of Amateur Night at

9765-553: The three U.S. national daily newspapers with the largest circulations in the United States are published in New York: The Wall Street Journal ; and The New York Times , nicknamed "the Grey Lady", which has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism and is considered the U.S. media's " newspaper of record ". Major tabloid newspapers in the city include the New York Daily News , which

9870-557: The time by filming in Los Angeles made California a better choice for film production throughout much of the 20th century. The Kaufman Astoria Studios film studio, built during the silent film era, was used by the Marx Brothers and W.C. Fields , and has expanded its footprint in Queens . It has also been used for The Cosby Show , Sesame Street and the films of Woody Allen . The recently constructed Steiner Studios

9975-529: The world by pinnacle height, with its spire reaching a symbolic 1,776 feet (541.3 m), a reference to the year of U.S. independence . The Occupy Wall Street protests in Zuccotti Park in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and popularizing the Occupy movement against social and economic inequality worldwide. New York City

10080-411: The world's top eight global advertising agency networks are headquartered in New York. Three of the " Big Four " record labels are also headquartered or co-headquartered in the city. One-third of all American independent films are produced in New York. More than 200 newspapers and 350 consumer magazines have an office in the city and the book-publishing industry employs about 25,000 people. Two of

10185-564: The world. In 1664, New York was named in honor of the Duke of York (later King James II of England ). James's elder brother, King Charles II , appointed the Duke as proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland , including the city of New Amsterdam , when the Kingdom of England seized it from Dutch control. In the pre-Columbian era , the area of present-day New York City

10290-422: Was Juan Rodriguez , a merchant from Santo Domingo who arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–14, trapping for pelts and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch colonists. A permanent European presence near New York Harbor was established in 1624, making New York the 12th-oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement in the continental United States , with

10395-566: Was heavily affected by Hurricane Sandy in late October 2012. Sandy's impacts included flooding that led to the days-long shutdown of the subway system and flooding of all East River subway tunnels and of all road tunnels entering Manhattan except the Lincoln Tunnel . The New York Stock Exchange closed for two days due to weather for the first time since the Great Blizzard of 1888 . At least 43 people died in New York City as

10500-539: Was a prime destination in the early 20th century for Blacks during the Great Migration from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had the largest urban African diaspora in North America. The Harlem Renaissance of literary and cultural life flourished during the era of Prohibition . The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height. New York City became

10605-517: Was founded in 1919 by Joseph Medill Patterson , and the New York Post , founded in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton . Newsday , a Long Island newspaper, is also widely circulated in the city. The city also has a major ethnic press, with 270 newspapers and magazines published in more than 40 languages. El Diario La Prensa is New York's largest Spanish-language daily and the oldest in the nation. The New York Amsterdam News , published in Harlem,

10710-862: Was founded. The Stamp Act Congress met in New York in October 1765, as the Sons of Liberty organization emerged in the city and skirmished over the next ten years with British troops stationed there. The Battle of Long Island , the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War , was fought in August 1776 within modern-day Brooklyn. A British rout of the Continental Army at the Battle of Fort Washington in November 1776 eliminated

10815-534: Was inhabited by Algonquians , including the Lenape . Their homeland, known as Lenapehoking , included the present-day areas of Staten Island , Manhattan , the Bronx , the western portion of Long Island (including Brooklyn and Queens ), and the Lower Hudson Valley . The first documented visit into New York Harbor by a European was in 1524 by explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano . He claimed

10920-468: Was named New Amsterdam in 1626 and was chartered as a city in 1653. The city came under English control in 1664 and was temporarily renamed New York after King Charles II granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York , before being permanently renamed New York in November 1674. New York City was the U.S. capital from 1785 until 1790. The modern city was formed by the 1898 consolidation of its five boroughs : Manhattan , Brooklyn , Queens ,

11025-555: Was the production facility for the popular television shows Sex and the City and The Sopranos . MTV broadcasts programming from its sound stage overlooking Times Square , several blocks away from The Ed Sullivan Theater , the theater housing the Late Show with Stephen Colbert . Saturday Night Live is broadcast from NBC's studios at 30 Rockefeller Center , where The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon , Late Night with Seth Meyers , NBC Nightly News and The Today Show

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