The Kawasaki P-1 , previously P-X , XP-1 , is a Japanese maritime patrol aircraft developed and manufactured by Kawasaki Aerospace Company . Unlike many maritime patrol aircraft, which are typically conversions of civilian designs, the P-1 is a purpose-built maritime aircraft with no civil counterpart and was designed from the onset for the role. It has the distinction of being the first operational aircraft in the world to make use of a fly-by-optics control system.
142-607: The P-1 has entered service with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) as a replacement for the P-3C Orion . In March 2013, the JMSDF took delivery of the first two operational P-1 aircraft. Export customers are also being sought for the type as part of a general loosening of Japanese military export restrictions . Observing that its fleet of P-3C aircraft had been in service for some time,
284-637: A glide bomb for deploying from up to 30,000 ft (9,100 m). The P-8 features the Raytheon APY-10 multi-mission surface search radar. Unlike the preceding P-3, most versions of the P-8 lack a magnetic anomaly detector (MAD), but the P-8I is equipped with a MAD at India's request. Various sensor data are combined via data fusion software to track targets. Following the cancellation of Lockheed Martin's Aerial Common Sensor project, Boeing proposed
426-490: A magnetic anomaly detector (MAD). On 4 January 2009, India's Ministry of Defence signed a US$ 2.1 billion (~$ 2.9 billion in 2023) agreement with Boeing for eight P-8Is to replace the Indian Navy's aging Tupolev Tu-142 M maritime surveillance turboprops. It was Boeing's first military sale to India and the P-8's first international customer. In October 2010, India's Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) approved
568-759: A $ 2.04 billion contract to build 13 P-8As in the fourth low-rate initial production lot, for a fleet of 37 aircraft by the end of 2016, and long-lead parts for 16 P-8As of the first full-rate production lot. In January 2014, Naval Air Systems Command proceeded with full-rate production of the P-8A. Increment 1 systems include persistent anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities and an integrated sensor suite; in 2016, Increment 2 upgrades will add multi-static active coherent acoustics, an automated identification system, and high-altitude anti-submarine weapons. Increment 3 in 2020 shall enable "net-enabled anti-surface warfare". In July 2014, Fred Smith, business development director for
710-609: A 15th aircraft may not be taken up. According to the Australian Defence Minister, Richard Marles , in May 2022 a Chinese J-16 is alleged to have flown alongside a RAAF P-8A, deploying flares and chaff . One piece of chaff is alleged to have been ingested into the P-8A's engine. In August 2012, it was reported that Boeing saw the United Kingdom as a market for the P-8, following the cancellation of
852-411: A 25-year lifespan. Boeing executives dismissed the report, saying that the test program was on track. In 2013, full-rate production was delayed until the P-8 could demonstrate it can survive its 25-year lifespan without structural fatigue, overcome deficiencies, track surface ships, and perform primary missions. On 24 June 2013, during weapons integration testing, the P-8 achieved a milestone by firing
994-668: A Defense Cooperation Agreement between the US and Singapore for "fighting terrorism and piracy." China criticized the Singapore deployment as "regional militarization by the U.S." The third detachment of two P-8s based in Paya Lebar Air Base , Singapore, participated in naval military drills with the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) in mid 2016. On 20 November 2023, a U.S. Navy P-8A assigned to VP-4 overshot
1136-548: A P-8 of Patrol Squadron Eight (VP-8) rescued three fishermen whose vessel had been adrift in the South Pacific Ocean for eight days, deploying a search and rescue (SAR) kit containing supplies and communications equipment, the first time that a P-8 deployed a SAR kit in a real operation. On 19 August 2014, a Chinese Shenyang J-11 fighter came within 30 feet (9.1 m) of a USN P-8A of VP-5 about 135 miles (217 km) east of Hainan Island while patrolling
1278-629: A Russian Su-30 fighter intercepted a P-8 over the Black Sea , coming within 5 feet (1.5 m) of it, forcing the P-8 through its jet wash , causing "a 15-degree roll and violent turbulence". USN P-8s routinely rotate through bases of allies. In September 2014, the Malaysian government offered the use of bases in East Malaysia for P-8s, but no flights have yet been approved. On 7 December 2015, P-8s were deployed to Singapore as part of
1420-583: A bypass ratio of 8:1, which was reported as being substantially higher than rivals such as the General Electric CF34-8E . In April 2004, Japan and US extended discussions on potential cooperative efforts on the P-X and US Navy 's Multi-mission Maritime Aircraft (MMA) programmes. Options ranged from terminating the P-X program to participate in the US-led MMA program, to incorporating some of
1562-547: A fleet of various auxiliary ships . The fleet has a total displacement of approximately 624,000 tonnes, excluding auxiliary vessels. The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force aviation maintains a large naval air force, including 201 fixed-wing aircraft and 145 helicopters. Most of these aircraft are used in anti-submarine warfare operations. The JMSDF is commanded by the Chief of the Maritime Staff. Its structure consists of
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#17327730799481704-693: A level of commonality with the C-2, one proposed derivative of the P-1 is a civilian airliner, the proposed project has typically been referred to as the Kawasaki YPX . If development is pursued, the YPX would make extensive use of technology and components of the P-1, such as the wingbox , empennage , and fuselage . An indigenously produced turbofan engine, the IHI Corporation F7 , was developed to power
1846-408: A live AGM-84 Harpoon anti-ship missile and scored a direct hit on a low-cost modular target. On 1 July 2013, an initial operational test and evaluation (IOT&E) report found that the P-8A was "operationally effective, operationally suitable, and ready for fleet introduction." Six test and nine low-rate initial production aircraft had been delivered at that point. On 31 July 2013, Boeing received
1988-569: A new aircraft to have reduced operating and support costs. In 1989, Lockheed was awarded a fixed-price contract to develop the P-7 , but this was canceled the following year. In 2000, a second competition for a replacement began. Lockheed Martin submitted the Orion 21 , an updated new-build version of the P-3. Boeing's proposal was based on its 737-800 airliner. BAE Systems offered a new-build version of
2130-551: A number of minesweeping ships. Boeing P-8 Poseidon The Boeing P-8 Poseidon is an American maritime patrol and reconnaissance aircraft developed and produced by Boeing Defense, Space & Security . It was developed for the United States Navy (USN) as a derivative of the civilian Boeing 737-800 airliner. The P-8 operates in anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface warfare (ASUW), and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) roles. It
2272-776: A program template for the P-8 similar to the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program, with international cooperation from prospective users. In 2010, Boeing proposed to replace the United States Air Force 's (USAF) E-8 Joint STARS fleet with a modified P-8 at the same cost Northrop Grumman proposed for re-engining and upgrading the E-8s. The proposed P-8 Airborne Ground Surveillance (AGS) would integrate an active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, and have ground moving target indicator (GMTI) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) capabilities. A key feature
2414-420: A replacement project for the P-1. The Kawasaki P-1 is a purpose-built maritime patrol aircraft equipped with four engines. The P-1 is powered by four podded IHI F7-10 turbofan engines underneath the low-set wings. The four-engine low-wing loading design, results in a flight profile with better maneuverability and stability at low-speed, low-altitude flight and allows the aircraft to continue its mission in
2556-529: A result of continuing effective defense investment due to Japan's economic development and an end to the Cold War , the JMSDF became the world's fourth largest navy by total tonnage by 2000. Japan has the eighth largest Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the world, and the JMSDF is responsible for protecting this large area. As an island nation, dependent on maritime trade for the majority of its resources, including food and raw materials, maritime operations are
2698-524: A sideways row, along the port side of the cabin. Other than one large window on each side of the forward cabin for two observers, none of the other crew stations have windows. A short bomb bay for torpedoes and other stores opens behind the wing. The P-8 is to be equipped with the High-Altitude Anti-Submarine Warfare Weapon Capability (HAAWC) Air Launch Accessory (ALA), turning a Mark 54 torpedo into
2840-752: A signals intelligence variant of the P-8 for the USN's requirement. During the P-8A Increment 2 upgrade in 2016, the Littoral Surveillance Radar System (LSRS) will be replaced by the Advanced Airborne Sensor radar. In U.S. service, the P-8A is complemented by the MQ-4C Triton unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which provides continuous surveillance. In January 2015, BAE Systems was awarded a contract for
2982-533: A successor to the existing P-3C fixed-wing patrol aircraft. In June 2007, Kawasaki rolled out the XP-1, a prototype for the P-X program. The rollout had been delayed for three months due to the discovery of defective rivets provided by a US supplier which required remedial repairs to be performed. On 28 September 2007, the XP-1 conducted its maiden flight from Gifu Air Field , Kakamigahara, Gifu , Japan. This flight lasted about one hour and ended successfully. The P-X
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#17327730799483124-468: A total of 1,000 crew members. Each Escort Flotilla is formed as a fleet of eight destroyers and eight on-board helicopters. Each force is composed of one helicopter destroyer (DDH) acting as a command ship, two guided-missile destroyers (DDG) and five standard or ASW destroyers (DD). The JMSDF is planning to reorganize the respective Escort Flotillas into a DDH group and DDG group, enabling faster overseas deployments. Five district units act in concert with
3266-449: A value of $ 93 million. The possible sale of 16 aircraft-launched Mark 54 Lightweight Torpedo all up rounds and 3 Mk 54 Exercise Torpedoes for its additional P-8I fleet at a cost of $ 63 million was also cleared. These sales were for the additional four P-8Is. Of the 4 additional P-8Is ordered in 2016 the first was delivered to Indian naval air station INS Hansa , Dabolim Goa on 19 November 2020, followed by another on 13 July 2021;
3408-436: A very important aspect of Japanese defense policy. The JMSDF is known in particular for its anti-submarine warfare and minesweeping capabilities. Defense planners believe the most effective approach to combating hostile submarines entails mobilizing all available weapons, including surface combatants, submarines, patrol planes , and helicopters . They are also known to operate at least fourteen listening stations all over
3550-756: Is armed with torpedoes , Harpoon anti-ship missiles , and other weapons, can drop and monitor sonobuoys , and can operate in conjunction with other assets, including the Northrop Grumman MQ-4C Triton maritime surveillance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The P-8 is operated by the United States Navy, the Indian Navy , the Royal Australian Air Force , the United Kingdom's Royal Air Force ,
3692-464: Is furnished with a CAE Inc. -built magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) embedded into the aircraft's tail, along with deployable sonobuoys, which is used for the detection of submerged submarines. Sophisticated acoustic systems are also used for this purpose. The P-1 has an artificial intelligence (AI) system to assist TACCO operations. Similar to the SH-60K , this advanced combat direction system directs
3834-686: Is limited by the absence of aircraft carriers , though its destroyers and frigates equipped with the Aegis combat system provide a formidable capability in antiaircraft and antimissile warfare . These capabilities are force multipliers, allowing force projection of Japan's sizable destroyer and frigate force far from home waters, and acquiring them is contentious considering Japan's "passive" defense policy. Long-range strike capability will be introduced as soon as Tomahawk cruise missiles are deployed on JMSDF destroyers. Destroyers and combat support ships of Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force were dispatched to
3976-528: Is planned to be a high-speed trimaran designed for operations in shallow coastal waters capable of carrying helicopters, possibly a lighter variant of the American 3,000-tonne (3,000-long-ton) littoral combat ship . The study was conducted in response to the growth of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy and budgetary issues with the U.S. military that may affect their ability to operate in
4118-643: Is that this article allows for military forces to be kept for the purposes of self-defense. Due to Cold War pressures, the United States was also happy for Japan to provide part of its own defense, rather than have it fully rely on American forces . In 1952, the Safety Security Force was formed within the Maritime Safety Agency , incorporating the minesweeping fleet and other military vessels, mainly destroyers, given by
4260-639: Is the largest non-Japanese supplier to the project, such as the auxiliary power unit , environmental and pressurization control systems, ram air turbine , sonobuoy dispensers and elements of the avionics. The P-1 is equipped with sensors to enable the aircraft to perform its primary purpose of detecting submarines and surface vessels. These include the Toshiba HPS-106 active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, which uses three antennas to provide 240 degree coverage, and Fujitsu HAQ-2 Infrared/Light detection systems for surface detection. The P-1
4402-433: Is the use of a fly-by-optics flight control system, which essentially replaces standard metal wiring with optical fiber cables. This has the effect of decreasing electro-magnetic disturbances to the sensors, in comparison to more common fly-by-wire control systems. The P-1 is the first production aircraft in the world to be equipped with such a flight control system. Various onboard systems are provided by Honeywell , which
Kawasaki P-1 - Misplaced Pages Continue
4544-716: The Izumo -class destroyers to carry US-designed F-35B fighter jets. This makes them de facto aircraft carriers . To avoid controversy, the ruling parties call it a "multi-purpose operation destroyer". It would be the first such ship in the JMSDF since World War II . On 23 May 2019, retired MSDF vice-admiral Toshiyuki Ito stated that Japan requires at least four Izumo -class destroyers to be viable for real naval combat operations. He said "If you only have two vessels, you can only use them for training personnel for taking off and landing operations, so this plan doesn't make sense for MSDF officers, frankly speaking." As aircraft carriers ,
4686-551: The 2017 Doklam Standoff between Indian Army and China's People's Liberation Army . Indian Navy P-8Is also monitored Pakistani Army units during the 2019 Pulwama standoff . In November 2019, the Indian government approved the procurement of six more P-8Is. In 2021, reports revealed that Indian Ministry of Defence has sent Letter of Request (LoR) to the US Government for procurement of additional 6 P-8Is. On 27 April,
4828-689: The Battle of Amami-Ōshima . In 2002, the JMSDF deployed ships to the Arabian Sea in support of Operation Anaconda during the War in Afghanistan . In August 2003, a new "helicopter carrier" class was ordered, the Hyūga -class helicopter destroyer . Due to the size and features of the ship, including a full-length flight deck , it was classified as a helicopter carrier by Lloyd's Register — similar to
4970-512: The Boeing Maritime Surveillance Aircraft (MSA). In 2014, Boeing also offered a JSTARS replacement based on the 737-700 , rather than the P-8's 737-800. The P-8 is a 737-800ERX, roughly similar to the 737-800 commercial passenger aircraft and the USN's 737-700-based C-40 Clipper transport aircraft, but with several modifications to make it suitable for its military service role. Many of the changes reflect
5112-549: The Boeing Renton Factory with the stronger wings from the 737-900. The aircraft uses raked wingtips similar to those fitted to the Boeing 767-400ER , instead of the blended winglets available on 737NG variants. To combat icing on the raked wingtips, horizontal stabilizers and vertical stabilizers, the aircraft is outfitted with electro-mechanical expulsion deicing systems . In the cockpit, changes were made to
5254-636: The East China Sea southwest of the Japanese home islands ( pictured ). On 6 October 2022, five warships from the United States, Japan, and South Korea held a multilateral ballistic missile defense exercise in the Sea of Japan ( pictured ) as part of the military response to ongoing North Korean intermediate-range ballistic missile tests over the Japanese home islands . On 16 November 2022,
5396-574: The East China Sea Air Defense Identification Zone , heightening tensions. During early exercises and the Japanese deployment, the P-8 reportedly suffered radar, sensor integration, and data transfer problems, leading to more testing. In 2012–3, the US government's Director, Operational Test and Evaluation (DOTE) evaluated the P-8A Increment 1, and reported that it was effective for small-area and cued ASW search, localization and attack missions, but lacked
5538-685: The Fleet Air Force headquartered at Atsugi , the Fleet Submarine Force based at Yokosuka and Kure, the Mine Warfare Force based at Yokosuka and the Fleet Training Command at Yokosuka. In March 2018, Ryoko Azuma became the first female squadron commander in the JMSDF. Her unit includes the flagship Izumo , the largest warship in the JMSDF. She commands four warships making up a division with
5680-635: The Indian Navy . On 16 December 2022, the Japanese Cabinet approved a trio of defense-related policy documents, including its new National Security Strategy (NSS or 国家安全保障戦略), the strategic guideline document for the Japanese government's policies regarding diplomacy, defense, and economic security for the next decade. Based on the NSS, the National Defense Strategy (NDS or 国家防衛戦略) document outlined Japan's defense policy goals and
5822-682: The Izumo -class destroyers are relatively small, only able to carry approximately 10 F-35Bs, which Ito argued were too few to provide effective air defense. In 2019, the National Diet of Japan approved the order of 42 STOVL Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II aircraft in addition to 135 F-35A model conventional takeoff and landing fighters for the Japan Air Self-Defense Force to operate from their land bases;
Kawasaki P-1 - Misplaced Pages Continue
5964-709: The Japan Self-Defense Force Base Djibouti at Ambouli International Airport , Djibouti , to continue with operational trials within tropical and desert climates. In November 2016, two P-1s in New Zealand to celebrate the Royal New Zealand Navy 's 75th anniversary took part in damage surveys, after the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake , along with P-3 Orions of the Royal New Zealand Air Force and
6106-677: The Japanese Navy , is the maritime warfare branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces , tasked with the naval defense of Japan. The JMSDF was formed following the dissolution of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) after World War II . The JMSDF has a fleet of 154 ships, 346 aircraft and 50,800 personnel. Following Japan's defeat in World War II , the Imperial Japanese Navy was dissolved by
6248-462: The Kawasaki C-1 and C-130H Hercules cargo aircraft . Although the P-X and C-X designs were originally independent, it was decided that having common components to both designs would be useful. The JDA mandated that the two aircraft share identical body components. Common components include the cockpit windows, outer wings, horizontal stabilizer, and other systems. Internal shared parts include
6390-473: The Korean Peninsula . On 19 December 2023, United States, Japan, and South Korea announced the activation of a real-time North Korea missile warning system as well as jointly established a multi-year trilateral exercise plan in response to North Korea's continued ballistic missile launches. The ship prefix JDS (Japanese Defense Ship) was used until 2008, at which time JMSDF ships started using
6532-608: The Nimrod MRA4 in 2010. On 23 November 2015, the UK announced its intention to order nine P-8s in the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 , which would be based at RAF Lossiemouth , Scotland to protect the UK's nuclear deterrent and aircraft carriers, as well as perform search-and-rescue and overland reconnaissance missions. On 25 March 2016, the U.S. State Department approved a proposed Foreign Military Sale to
6674-547: The Nimrod MRA4 , a British jet-powered maritime patrol aircraft. BAE withdrew from the competition in October 2002, recognizing that without a production partner based in the United States, the bid was politically unrealistic. On 14 May 2004, Boeing was selected as the winner of the Multimission Maritime Aircraft program. In June 2004, the USN awarded a development contract to Boeing. The project
6816-675: The Potsdam Declaration acceptance. Ships were disarmed, and some of them, such as the battleship Nagato , were taken by the Allied Powers as reparations. The remaining ships were used for repatriation of the Japanese soldiers from abroad and also for minesweeping in the area around Japan, initially under the control of the Second Bureau of the Demobilization Ministry . The minesweeping fleet
6958-499: The Royal Norwegian Air Force and the Royal New Zealand Air Force . It has also been ordered by the Republic of Korea Navy , the German Navy and the Royal Canadian Air Force . The Lockheed P-3 Orion , a turboprop ASW aircraft, has been in service with the United States Navy (USN) since 1962. In the 1980s, the USN began studies for a P-3 replacement, the range and endurance of which were reduced due to increasing weight and airframe fatigue life limitations. The specification required
7100-439: The United Kingdom to ascertain a possible sale of P-1s to the Royal Air Force , to replace their recently retired fleet of Hawker Siddeley Nimrod patrol aircraft. The proposal was part of a wider initiative to lower restrictions on Japanese military exports. It was claimed that Britain may consider jointly manufacturing the type, and that the nation could retain rights over related radar and sensor technologies. In November 2015,
7242-467: The United Kingdom 's HMS Ocean . There was discussion about whether an aircraft carrier would be prohibited by Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution , since aircraft carriers are generally considered offensive weapons. The Self-Defense Forces are not allowed to possess ICBMs , strategic bombers , or attack aircraft carriers. Historically (until about 1975 in the U.S. Navy ) large-scale carriers were classified as "attack aircraft carriers" and
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#17327730799487384-443: The United States Navy . In June 2017, a P-1 appeared at the Paris Air Show . In August 2017, Air Patrol Squadron 3 became the first all P-1 operational squadron. In December 2018, the Japanese Ministry of Defense alleged that a Gwanggaeto the Great-class destroyer of the South Korean Navy locked its separate target illumination radar onto a P-1 belonging to Air Patrol Squadron 3 . The South Korean Navy stated that it had used
7526-464: The auxiliary power unit , cockpit panel, flight control system computer, anti-collision lights, and gear control unit. Due to the different roles of the two aircraft, they remain distinctly separate. The sharing of development resources had allowed for a large reduction in overall development costs which, when including the C-2, were reported in 2007 as being ¥ 345 billion (equivalent to ¥ 360.07 billion or US$ 3.3 billion in 2019). In addition to
7668-450: The 12 vessels to the JMSDF from fiscal year 2023, which starts on April 1, 2023. On August 31 2022, the Japan Ministry of Defense announced that JMSDF will operate two " Aegis system equipped ships " (イージス・システム搭載艦 in Japanese) to replace the earlier plan of Aegis Ashore installations, commissioning one by the end of fiscal year 2027, and the other by the end of FY2028. The budget for design and other related expenses are to be submitted in
7810-435: The AGM-84 Harpoon Block 1G anti-ship missile onto the P-8A on Australia's behalf. In August 2014, the USN concluded an advanced acquisition contract on the first four of up to 12 P-8As to be bought by Australia, with delivery expected from 2017. In January 2016, Australia ordered a further four P-8As. The 2016 Defence White Paper stated that eight P-8As would be in service in the early 2020s and that 15 P-8As are planned for by
7952-401: The Cold War threat posed by the Soviet Navy 's sizable and powerful submarine fleet, the JMSDF was primarily tasked with an anti-submarine role. Following the end of the Cold War , the role of the JMSDF has vastly changed. In 1991, after international pressure, the JMSDF dispatched four minesweepers, a fleet oiler ( JDS Tokiwa ) and a minesweeping tender (JDS Hayase ) to the Persian Gulf in
8094-642: The Defense Buildup Program, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) will increase the number of Aegis-equipped guided-missile destroyers (DDG) from the current eight to ten, as well as two Aegis system-equipped vessels (ASEV) to be deployed in ballistic missile defense (BMD) operations. By the end of the decade, the JMSDF will operate 12 ships equipped with Aegis Weapon System (AWS) and likewise plans to replace its fleet of older, less capable destroyers and destroyer escorts with Mogami -class frigates . The JMSDF has an official strength of 50,000 personnel, but presently numbers around 50,800 active personnel. As
8236-431: The F-35B is same model aircraft that the US Marines operate from US Navy aircraft carriers and amphibious assault ships, the US Marines also plan to fly from the Japanese Izumo class after the STOVL modifications and refit. On October 14 2020, the 3,000-ton submarine Taigei was unveiled. This is the first vessel of the Taigei class and the 22nd submarine vessel of the JMSDF. The Taigei entered service in 2022, and
8378-424: The Fleet Replacement Squadron (FRS), Patrol Squadron 30 (VP-30) . On 24 September 2012, Boeing announced a $ 1.9 billion (~$ 2.49 billion in 2023) order for 11 aircraft. On 10 June 2013, a U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Inspector General (IG) report recommended delaying full-rate production over a lack of key data to assess if the P-8 met operational requirements; additional tests were also needed to guarantee
8520-490: The Hawaiian area, two P-8As participated in 24 scenarios as part of Air Test and Evaluation Squadron One ( VX-1 ) while forward deployed to Marine Corps Base Hawaii . On 29 November 2013, its inaugural deployment began when six aircraft and 12 air crews of squadron VP-16 departed its home station of NAS Jacksonville, Florida, for Kadena Air Base in Okinawa, Japan. This deployment was a pre-planned regional re-balancing action, but occurred shortly after China's establishment of
8662-400: The Indian Ocean from 2001 to 2008 to participate in OEF-MIO (Operation Enduring Freedom-Maritime Interdiction Operation). Their mission is to prevent the marine transportation of illegal weapons and ammunition, and the drugs which fund terrorist activity. Since 2004, the JMSDF has provided ships of foreign forces with fuel for their ships and ship-based helicopters, as well as freshwater. This
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#17327730799488804-438: The Indian Ocean. In May 2010, Japan announced its intention to build a permanent naval base in Djibouti , from which it will conduct operations to protect merchant shipping from Somali pirates . The JMSDF and the U.S. Navy frequently carry out joint exercises and "U.S. Navy officials have claimed that they have a closer daily relationship with the JMSDF than any other navy in the world". The JMSDF participates in RIMPAC ,
8946-433: The JMSDF began searching for a replacement maritime patrol aircraft. Since other similar aircraft produced abroad did not meet the JMSDF's requirements, the development of a purpose-built indigenous aircraft became necessary. The Japanese Defense Agency (JDA) submitted the domestic development of a P-X maritime patrol aircraft as part of its April 2001 – March 2006 Five-Year Defense Plan. In 2001, following its earlier proposal,
9088-421: The JMSDF or the US Navy or the Kawasaki P-1. In 2018, the P-1 was reportedly offered to Germany as a replacement for its P-3C Orion aircraft. In September 2020, Germany was no longer considering the P-1 due to concerns the aircraft would not be able to achieve military type certification within a required five years time frame. In January 2015, it was reported that Tokyo was holding a series of defence talks with
9230-443: The Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force (MSDF). The two ASEV warship would be exclusively tasked for dedicated ballistic missile defense (BDM) missions (BMD等) and operate off the Korean peninsula in the Sea of Japan , allowing the other Aegis guided-missile destroyers to meet other contingencies (侵攻阻止) while operating independently to maintain the maritime domain awareness (MDA) and keep the sea lines of communication (SLOC) open in
9372-493: The Japanese Ministry of Defense revealed that they would procure four production airframes. The request in the FY2008 budget was ¥ 67.9 billion (equivalent to ¥ 69.9 billion or US$ 641.18 million in 2019), the unit price for each aircraft at US$ 141.5 million. In 2013, the ministry ordered two units for ¥44.5 billion. These P-1s were reported to possess increased detection/discrimination capability, flight performance, information processing capability, and strike capabilities as
9514-434: The Kawasaki Aerospace Company received prime contractor status for the P-X program, as well as the adjacent C-X program for a next generation cargo aircraft; this selection process occurred almost 30 years since the previous large-scale domestic development of an aircraft in Japan. The P-X shares some components with the C-X, later designated as the twin-engined Kawasaki C-2 , another indigenously developed aircraft to replace
9656-402: The LoR was forwarded to Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) and the proposal featured on a notice by the agency under the US Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. In April 2020, Defense Security Cooperation Agency cleared approved the sale of 10 AGM-84L Harpoon missiles along with containers, spare and repair parts, support and test equipment for the P-8I fleet to the Indian Navy at
9798-432: The MMA's technology onto the P-X to reduce costs. The Japanese Defence Ministry opted to persist with the P-X program, stating that: "there was a possibility that foreign aircraft would not satisfy the required capability and there was a possibility that foreign aircraft would not meet the required period of introduction...it is necessary to domestically develop the aircraft". In addition to the P-1, studies were conducted into
9940-468: The Maritime Staff Office, the Self Defense Fleet, five regional district commands, the air-training squadron and various support units, such as hospitals and schools. The Maritime Staff Office, located in Tokyo, serves the Chief of Staff in commanding and supervising the force. The Self-Defense Fleet, headquartered at Yokosuka , consists of the JMSDF's military shipping. It is composed of Fleet Escort Force, based in Yokosuka , Sasebo , Maizuru and Kure ,
10082-438: The New Zealand government announced the purchase of four P-8As, to begin operations in 2023. Four P-8As were ordered in March 2019. The RNZAF is planning to operate the type for at least 30 years. In September 2020, the inaugural Royal New Zealand Air Force crew for the P-8A graduated training at Jacksonville, Florida. This crew is to then qualify as instructors to train the first RNZAF crews back in New Zealand. The first P-8A
10224-541: The P-1 in direct competition with the P-8. On July 9, 2018 it was announced that New Zealand had selected the P-8. Data from flightglobal.com General characteristics Performance Armament Avionics Related development Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era Related lists Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force ( Japanese : 海上自衛隊 , Hepburn : Kaijō Jieitai ) , abbreviated JMSDF ( 海自 , Kaiji ) , also simply known as
10366-435: The P-1 was being procured at a typical rate of one or two aircraft deliveries per year. In 2015, this changed to a bulk order for 20 P-1s, as part of a measure to cut the aircraft's unit costs. By October 2016, 10 P-1s had been delivered to the JMSDF, with 60 or more aircraft needed to replace Japan's P-3C fleet. Production will rise to about five annually. In September 2023, Kawasaki reported that they are making plans to start
10508-638: The P-3C's broad-area ASW acoustic search capability; the Mk 54 torpedoes were of limited use against evasive targets. The P-8A was also effective at ASuW search, detection and classification in all-weather at short to medium ranges for all surface vessels and at longer ranges for larger vessels, yet was not effective for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance mission due to various issues including no high-resolution SAR capability. It did have better range, speed, and reliability than older aircraft. DOTE concluded that it
10650-505: The P-8, noted that the program had: "saved $ 2.1 billion on 2004 estimates of the cost of production... the aircraft is now selling for $ 150 million, down from the forecasted $ 216 million". The halving of USN orders from 16 aircraft per year down to eight in 2015 due to the expiration of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013 was expected to be partially offset by commercial 737 sales and P-8 export sales. The DoD wanted to follow
10792-478: The P-8. On 11 July 2016, Boeing announced the signing of a $ 3.87 billion (£3 billion) contract for nine P-8s and support infrastructure, spread across three production lots over a ten-year period, with deliveries commencing in 2019. The RAF allocated the aircraft the service name Poseidon MRA Mk1. They are operated by No. 120 Squadron and No. 201 Squadron . The first Poseidon MRA Mk1 ( ZP801 ) made its initial flight on 13 July 2019. The UK took delivery of
10934-442: The P-8A to be equipped with magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) equipment as a weight reduction measure, improving endurance. A hydrocarbon sensor detects fuel vapors from diesel-powered submarines and ships. The P-8's first flight was on 25 April 2009. The second and third P-8s had flown and were in flight testing in early August 2010. On 11 August 2010, low-rate production of the P-8 was approved. A P-8 released sonobuoys for
11076-539: The P-8A was the preferred aircraft to replace the Royal Australian Air Force fleet of Lockheed AP-3C Orions in conjunction with a then yet-to-be-selected unmanned aerial vehicle. The last AP-3C was scheduled to be retired in 2018, after nearly 30 years of service. In March 2009, Australia's Chief of Air Force stated that the RAAF planned to introduce the P-8A in 2016. In October 2012, Australia formalized its participation, committing A$ 73.9m (US$ 81.1m) in an agreement with
11218-624: The P-8I. In July 2012, Boeing began P-8I flight testing. On 19 December 2012, the first P-8I was handed over at Boeing's facility in Seattle. It was inducted into the Indian Navy on 15 May 2013. The type is based at INS Rajali , in Tamil Nadu . In 2014, several Indian Navy P-8Is conducted search operations for the missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. The Indian Navy inducted the first squadron in November 2015. P-8Is participated in
11360-661: The P-X. In April 2004, the JDA completed a successful evaluation of five XF7 research engines, by which point it was viewed as being the sole candidate powerplant for the P-X program. In May 2005, the IHI Corporation received a contract for an additional seven XF-7 test engines from the JDA, following the completion of initial tests in December 2004. Four of these engines equipped the first flight test aircraft. The Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC)-equipped F7 engine had
11502-693: The Pacific. The J-LCS would be used to intervene during Chinese ship incursions near the Senkaku Islands and other contested areas in the East China Sea , and possibly counter similar Chinese vessels like the Type 056 corvette and Type 022 missile boat . A 1,000-tonne (980-long-ton) J-LCS with an enlarged hull could operate the SH-60K anti-submarine helicopter or the MCH-101 airborne mine countermeasures (AMCM) helicopter. On May 1 2017, JS Izumo
11644-566: The Royal Norwegian Air Force is considering leasing aircraft from Boeing as No. 333 Squadron RNoAF 's six P-3 Orions were becoming increasingly difficult to keep operational. In June 2016, Norwegian newspaper Verdens Gang reported that the Norwegian government would buy four new surveillance aircraft in its long-term defense plan; the P-8 was seen as the main option. In December 2016, the U.S. State Department approved
11786-601: The South China Sea. The J-11 flew past the P-8's nose and performed a barrel roll at close proximity. A Pentagon spokesperson said the J-11's unit had made close intercepts earlier that year. The U.S. sent a diplomatic note to China about the behavior of the Chinese fighter group's commander. China stated that the claims were "totally groundless", and that the root cause was U.S. surveillance of China. In November 2016,
11928-554: The TACCO operator to the optimal flight course to attack a submarine. A large bomb bay housed within the main fuselage, similar in size to that of the Hawker Siddeley Nimrod 's, contains the bulk of the aircraft's munitions. The bomb bay is supplemented by eight external hardpoints mounted on the wings. Weapons available on the P-1 include torpedoes , mines , depth charges , air-to-surface missiles (ASMs), such as
12070-464: The Taepodong-1 missile over northern Japan, the JMSDF has increased its efforts in air defense . A ship-based anti-ballistic missile system was successfully test-fired on 18 December 2007 and has been installed on Japan's Aegis-equipped destroyers. In November 2009, the JMSDF announced plans for a larger "helicopter carrier", the Izumo -class helicopter destroyer . The first one of these ships
12212-424: The U.S. Navy and U.S. Missile Defense Agency . This was the first time the two ships conducted SM-3 firings in the same time period, and the tests validated the ballistic missile defense capabilities of Japan's newest Maya -class destroyers . On 22 February 2023, five warships from the United States, Japan, and South Korea held a multilateral ballistic missile defense exercise in the Sea of Japan in response to
12354-423: The U.S. Navy and U.S. Missile Defense Agency . This was the first time the two ships conducted SM-3 firings in the same time period, and the tests validated the ballistic missile defense capabilities of Japan's newest Maya -class destroyers . On 16 December 2022, Second Kishida Reshuffled Cabinet approved a trio of defense-related policy documents, including its new National Security Strategy (NSS or 国家安全保障戦略),
12496-600: The UK announced it would buy the Boeing P-8 Poseidon instead of the Kawasaki P-1. New Zealand requested information on the P-1 and Kawasaki C-2 to meet the country's patrol and transport aircraft needs. This request was met with unclassified information in September 2016 and a more detailed proposal including purchase price, manufacturing arrangements, and maintenance complete by mid-2017. This put
12638-471: The UK for up to nine P-8s and associated support. During an April 2016 tour of US anti-submarine capabilities, the UK defense procurement minister stated that the Royal Air Force would initially operate the P-8 with U.S. weapons, with the option to transition to British weapons later. It was not initially clear whether the UK would have access to future ground-surveillance capabilities developed for
12780-510: The US-built Harpoon , or bombs. Armaments are managed by a Smith Aerospace -built stores management system, which includes a newly developed Universal Stores Control Unit (USCU), capable of accommodating hundreds of different munitions, including future ones and precision weapons. Multiple radar warning receivers provide all-round awareness of missile threats, which is combined with a defensive countermeasures suite. In August 2007,
12922-652: The USAF 459th Air Refueling Wing worked with the Naval Air Systems Command to certify operationally the P-8 for in-flight refueling. For extended endurance, the P-8 is equipped with six auxiliary fuel tanks. In February 2012, the P-8 made its mission debut during " Bold Alligator " 2012, an annual littoral warfare exercise. In April 2012, it took part in Exercise Joint Warrior , flying out of RAF Lossiemouth . During RIMPAC 2012 in
13064-558: The USN's High Altitude ASW (HAASW) Unmanned Targeting Air System (UTAS) program to develop a sub-hunting UAV equipped with a MAD for launching from the P-8. The P-8 cannot use the Navy's typical probe and drogue in-flight refueling method, instead using a flying boom receptacle on the upper-forward fuselage, making it, like the USN's E-6 Mercury aircraft, reliant on US Air Force (USAF) KC-135 Stratotanker , KC-10 Extender and KC-46 Pegasus aircraft for in-flight refueling. In April 2017,
13206-497: The USN. In July 2013, Air Marshal Geoff Brown , head of the RAAF, said Australia was considering buying more P-8As and fewer MQ-4C Triton UAVs than earlier planned. On 21 February 2014, Prime Minister Tony Abbott announced the intention to procure eight P-8As plus options for four more; entry into service is planned for 2021. In July 2014, negotiations commenced between Boeing and the US Department of Defense to integrate
13348-475: The United States. In 1954, the SSF was separated, and the JMSDF was formally created as the naval branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF), following the passage of the 1954 Self-Defense Forces Law. The first ships in the JMSDF were former U.S. Navy destroyers, transferred to Japanese control in 1954. In 1956, the JMSDF received its first domestically produced destroyer since World War II, Harukaze . Due to
13490-624: The United States. The JMSDF has dispatched a number of its destroyers on a rotating schedule to the Indian Ocean in an escort role for allied vessels as part of the UN-led Operation Enduring Freedom . The JMSDF, along with the Japan Coast Guard , has also been active in preventing North Korean infiltrators from reaching Japan and on 22 December 2001, engaged and sank a North Korean spy ship in
13632-464: The advantage of commonality for their patrol and transport aircraft. In July 2018, New Zealand selected the P-8 Poseidon instead. Japanese officials have claimed that the P-1 is a more capable, albeit more expensive, aircraft than the Boeing P-8 Poseidon . In comparison to the P-8, the P-1 has a greater range, a larger bomb bay, and is purpose-built for the maritime patrol mission. Prior to 2015,
13774-532: The aftermath of the Gulf War , under the name of Operation Gulf Dawn, to clear mines sown by Saddam Hussein 's defending forces. Starting with a mission to Cambodia in 1993 when JSDF personnel were supported by JDS Towada , it has been active in a number of UN-led peacekeeping operations throughout Asia. In 1993, the JMSDF commissioned its first Aegis -equipped destroyer, Kongō . It has also been active in joint naval exercises with other countries, such as
13916-453: The aircraft to the UK, a pair of P-1s, one of Air Development Squadron 51 and one of Air Patrol Squadron 3 were present for the 2015 Royal International Air Tattoo . One aircraft performed a flying display, while the other was on static display. This was the first time that any Japanese military aircraft had performed in a European flight display. After its UK appearance, the P-1s proceeded to
14058-644: The annual multi-national military exercise near Hawaii that has been hosted by the U.S. Navy since 1980. The JMSDF dispatched a ship to the Russian Vladivostok harbor in July 1996 to participate in the Russian Navy 's 300th Anniversary Naval Review. In return, Admiral Vinogradov , an Udaloy -class destroyer , called at Tokyo Bay in June 1997. The JMSDF has also conducted joint naval exercises with
14200-493: The country that have ELINT and marine surveillance radar warning systems. Historically, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) has been relied on to provide air cover at sea, a role that is subordinate to the JASDF's primary mission of air defense of the home islands. Extended patrols over sea lanes are beyond the JASDF's current capabilities. The Japanese fleet's capacity to provide ship-based antiaircraft warfare protection
14342-504: The craft, including the fuel tank and central part of the fuselage. In response, modifications to reinforce the affected areas were planned. By October 2012, the problems had been reportedly resolved. On 26 March 2013, Japan's Maritime Self-Defense Force took delivery of its first pair of P-1s, ahead of a planned two years of test flights. In May 2013, these aircraft were grounded after one developed an unstable combustion condition in some of its engines during mid-flight. During efforts to sell
14484-618: The defense minister ordered the JMSDF to return from the Indian Ocean, fulfilling a government pledge to end the eight-year refueling mission. Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama refused to renew the law authorizing the mission, ignoring requests from the American government for continuation. Both the Western alliance country typified by the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Danish Navy , doing friendship activities in
14626-543: The end of the decade, the JMSDF will operate 12 ships equipped with Aegis Weapon System (AWS) and likewise plans to replace its fleet of older, less capable destroyers and destroyer escorts with Mogami -class frigates . On 23 December 2022, the Japanese Ministry of Defense's 2023 budget and program guidance documented provided examples of operations (運用の一例) for the Aegis-equipped naval forces of
14768-496: The event of a single engine failure. As well as greater operational survivability, the high-bypass engines provide for quiet, fuel-efficient operation. The P-1 has reduced transit times in comparison to turboprop -powered competitors. The turbofans are quieter, making it more difficult for submerged submarines to detect it acoustically. The P-1 is equipped with many newly developed technologies and features, particularly in terms of its avionics and missions systems. One such key feature
14910-591: The first aircraft, named Pride of Moray , at Boeing's Seattle facility on 29 October. It arrived at Kinloss Barracks in February 2020 before relocating to RAF Lossiemouth in October 2020, along with ZP802 which was delivered on 13 March 2020. The RAF declared the P-8 had reached initial operating capability (IOC) on 1 April 2020. The final ordered aircraft arrived at RAF Lossiemouth in January 2022. In March 2014, Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet reported that
15052-496: The first talks between U.S. and Chinese defense chiefs since 2022, aimed at easing regional tensions. In January 2008, Boeing proposed the P-8I, a customized export variant of the P-8A, for the Indian Navy . The P-8I has a version of the Raytheon APY-10 multi-mission surface search radar that meets export requirements. It also features two components not fitted on the P-8A, a Telephonics APS-143 OceanEye aft radar and
15194-580: The first time in 36 years. After a meeting between the Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida ( Second Abe Cabinet ) and U.S. Ambassador to Japan Caroline Kennedy on 4 March 2014, the Japanese Defense Ministry and U.S. Department of Defense announced they would hold studies for the joint development of the littoral vessel under the bilateral Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement. The vessel
15336-448: The first time on 15 October 2010, dropping six in three separate low-altitude passes. In 2011, the ice detection system was found to be defective due to the use of counterfeit components ; allegedly these parts were poorly refurbished and sold to subcontractor BAE Systems as new by a Chinese supplier. On 4 March 2012, the first production P-8A was delivered to the USN, flying to Naval Air Station Jacksonville , Florida, for training with
15478-447: The fleet to guard the waters of their jurisdictions and provide shore-based support. Each district is home to a major JMSDF base and its supporting personnel and staff. Each district is home to one or two regional escort squadrons, composed of two to three destroyers or destroyer escorts (DE). The destroyers tend to be of older classes, mainly former escort force ships. The destroyer escorts tend to be purpose built vessels. Each district has
15620-414: The flight control and alerting systems, allowing for an increased bank angle , a more responsive autothrottle , and the elimination of audible warnings during low-altitude operations. In order to power additional onboard electronics, the P-8 has a 180 kVA electric generator on each CFM International CFM56 engine, replacing the 90 kVA generator of civilian 737s; this required the redesigning of
15762-417: The form of "item requests", without specific amounts, and the initial procurement of the lead items are expected to clear legislation by FY2023. Construction is to begin in the following year of FY2024. At 20,000 tons each, both vessels will be the largest surface combatant warships operated by the JMSDF, and according to Popular Mechanics , they will "arguably [be] the largest deployable surface warships in
15904-474: The guided-missile destroyer Maya fired an SM-3 Block IIA missile, successfully intercepting the target outside the atmosphere in the first launch of the missile from a Japanese warship. Two days later, the Haguro fired an SM-3 Block IB missile with a successful hit outside the atmosphere. Both test firings were conducted at the U.S. Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauai Island , Hawaii, in cooperation with
16046-459: The late 2020s. Including support facilities, the first group of eight aircraft's total cost is estimated at $ 3.6 billion (AU$ 4 billion). The RAAF accepted its first P-8A on 27 September 2016; it arrived in Australia on 14 November. The RAAF had received 12 P-8As by 13 December 2019. The Australian Government approved ordering two additional aircraft on 30 December 2020. The option to acquire
16188-507: The launch of a North Korean Hwasong-15 ballistic missile on 18 February 2023, landing in Japan's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the Sea of Japan, in an area 125 miles west of the island of Ōshima , which lies 30 miles (48 km) west of the main island of Hokkaido . Two additional IBCBMs were subsequently launched on 20 February 2023, with both landing in the Sea of Japan off the east coast of
16330-571: The means to achieve them while the Defense Buildup Program (DBP or 防衛力整備計画) document outlined the scale of the introduction of specific defense equipment within the budgetary objectives. According to the Defense Buildup Program document, the JMSDF will increase the number of Aegis-equipped guided-missile destroyers (DDG) from the current 8 to 10 warships, as well as the introduction of two Aegis system-equipped vessels (ASEV) to be deployed in ballistic missile defense (BMD) operations. By
16472-617: The missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 . On 2 October 2015, USN P-8s stationed at Naval Air Station Jacksonville, Florida, alongside U.S. Coast Guard HC-144A Ocean Sentry , HC-130H and USAF Reserve HC-130P Combat Shadow aircraft, searched the Eastern Caribbean Sea for the missing SS El Faro cargo ship that sank on 1 October in the Category 3 Hurricane Joaquin near Crooked Island in the Bahamas . On 20 February 2018,
16614-399: The nacelles and their wing mountings. The Navy says that compared to the P-3, the P-8 has a smoother flight experience, subjecting crews to less turbulence and fumes, allowing them to concentrate better on missions. After the aircraft roll off the assembly line, five operator stations (two naval flight officers plus three enlisted Aviation Warfare Operators/naval aircrewman) are mounted in
16756-411: The need for the aircraft to operate at lower altitudes and be capable of more aggressive maneuvering than a commercial aircraft. However, the changes were kept in line with the existing assembly process. Boeing 737 fuselage builder Spirit AeroSystems added structural strength to the airframe, while adding a short bomb bay for torpedoes and other stores behind the wing. The aircraft is assembled at
16898-720: The prefix JS (Japanese Ship) to reflect the upgrade of the Japanese Defense Agency to the Ministry of Defense . As of 2014 , the JMSDF operates a total of 124 ships, excluding minor auxiliary vessels. This includes: two multi-purpose operation destroyers (de facto aircraft carriers ), two helicopter carriers ( called helicopter destroyers ), 26 destroyers , 10 small destroyers ( or frigates ), six destroyer escorts ( or corvettes ), 22 attack submarines , 29 mine countermeasure vessels , six patrol vessels , three landing ship tanks , eight training vessels and
17040-607: The purchase of four additional P-8Is. contract signature followed in July 2016 with deliveries expected to start from 2020. In 2011, India planned to order twelve more P-8Is at a later date; in 2019, this was cut to eight to ten due to a limited budget. The Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) Data Link II communications allows the P-8I to exchange tactical data between Indian Navy aircraft, ships and shore establishments; it also features an integrated BEL-developed IFF system. India has purchased 21 AGM-84L Harpoon Block II missiles and 32 Mark 54 Lightweight Torpedoes All-Up-Round for
17182-431: The radar of an optical camera system, and not a fire control system. The incident led to a diplomatic row between Japan and South Korea. In 2018, it was reported that Kawasaki was offering the P-1 to France to replace its Breguet Atlantic aircraft. In 2016, it was reported that Thailand is considering purchasing the aircraft. In 2016, there were reports that Vietnam is considering buying used P-3 Orions from either
17324-514: The remaining two were delivered on 30 December 2021. In August 2024, it was announced that the Indian Navy's P-8I fleet will be maintained by Air India Engineering Services Limited (AIESL), a subsidiary of Air India , which signed a deal with Boeing for receiving training for its personnel. AIESL has also overhauled the landing gear of the entire aircraft fleet. On 20 July 2007, the Australian Minister for Defence announced that
17466-522: The runway while landing in the rain at MCAS Kaneohe Bay and ended up in the water. None of the nine crew on board were injured. The U.S. Navy hopes to repair the aircraft and return it to operational status. The aircraft was floated and pulled from the sea on 2 December 2023. A U.S. Navy P-8A Poseidon flew through the Taiwan Strait on 17 April 2024, asserting navigational rights amid tensions with China over Taiwan's sovereignty. This followed
17608-421: The sale with congressional approval pending. On 29 March 2017, Norway signed a contract for five P-8As, to be delivered between 2022 and 2023. On 13 July 2021, Boeing rolled out first P-8As Poseidon aircraft from the paint shop for Norway. The first aircraft was delivered on 18 November 2021. It is to be operated by the 133 Air Wing, 333 Squadron at Evenes Air Station . The first P-8 is to be named Viking and
17750-577: The second ship of the class, Hakugei , was commissioned in 2023. On 30 June 2022, the Japan Ministry of Defense announced the construction of 12 offshore patrol vessels (OPVs) by Japan Marine United Corporation (JMU) for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) at a cost of ¥ 9 billion (US$ 66 million) per ship. The purpose of this OPV program is to provide enhanced maritime security, particularly around
17892-469: The smaller carriers as " anti-submarine aircraft carriers ". Since helicopter carriers have little built-in attack capability and they primarily fulfill defensive roles such as anti-submarine warfare, the Japanese government argues that the prohibition does not extend to helicopter carriers. With an increase in tensions with North Korea following the 1993 test of the Nodong-1 missile and the 1998 test of
18034-411: The southwestern Ryukyu Islands , including the disputed Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea , by boosting JMSDF patrol activities in the region. These vessels are highly automated and configurable to meet a wide range of missions involving "enhanced steady-state intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) in the waters around Japan". Under the contract, JMU is charged with delivering
18176-428: The strategic guideline document for the Japanese government's policies regarding diplomacy, defense, and economic security for the next decade. Based on the NSS, the National Defense Strategy (国家防衛戦略) outlined Japan's defense policy goals and the means to achieve them while the Defense Buildup Program (防衛力整備計画) outlined the scale of the introduction of specific defense equipment within the budgetary objectives. According to
18318-466: The successive four aircraft are to be named for Norse gods: Vingtor, Ulabrand, Hugin and Munin. Boeing publicly identified the Royal New Zealand Air Force as a potential customer in 2008, as a replacement for its P-3 Orions, due for replacement in 2025. In April 2017, the U.S. State Department approved the possible foreign military sale of up to four P-8As with equipment and support, valued at US$ 1.46 billion (~$ 1.79 billion in 2023). In July 2018,
18460-415: The use of ship-based UAVs to support maritime aviation activities. Since 2014, Japan has been making approaches to other nations for prospective export sales of the P-1. New Zealand was the first country to which the P-1 had been offered, in what was referred to by a Japanese official as a "one on one fight with Boeing's P-8 patrol plane." The P-1 was offered in conjunction with the C-2, to give New Zealand
18602-555: The world". On 16 November 2022, the guided-missile destroyer Maya fired an SM-3 Block IIA missile, successfully intercepting the target outside the atmosphere in the first launch of the missile from a Japanese warship. On 18 November 2022, the Haguro likewise fired an SM-3 Block IB missile with a successful hit outside the atmosphere. Both test firings were conducted at the Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauai Island , Hawaii, in cooperation with
18744-400: Was a pod-mounted radar on the fuselage's lower centerline, positioned so the engine nacelles do not obstruct its line of sight. It reuses the P-8A's Raytheon AN/APY-10 multi-mission surface search radar. Two aft ventral fins increase stability. In 2013, Boeing proposed repackaging some of the P-8's systems in the smaller and less expensive Bombardier Challenger 600 series business jet, as
18886-719: Was commissioned in March 2020. Japan and the United States conducted the biggest military exercise around Japan in the biennial Keen Sword from 29 October to 2 November 2018. It included a total of 57,000 sailors, marines and airmen. 47,000 service members were from the JSDF and 10,000 from the U.S. Armed Forces . A naval supply ship and a frigate of the Royal Canadian Navy also participated. There were simulations of air combat, ballistic missile defense and amphibious landings. On 18 December 2018, Japan announced it would refit
19028-638: Was delivered in December 2022 with three more aircraft delivered as of July 2023. In 2013, the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) commenced a ₩ 1 trillion (equivalent to ₩1.05 trillion or US$ 929.13 million in 2017) procurement program to acquire up to 20 ASW aircraft to replace the Republic of Korea Navy 's fleet of 16 P-3Cs; possible candidates included the C-295 MPA , P-8, Saab Swordfish and
19170-520: Was dispatched to protect a U.S. Navy supply vessel in the Pacific. This was the first time the JMSDF was used to defend allied vessels since the 2016 amendment to the Japanese Constitution. Japan christened the 84 m (275 ft 7 in) long, 2,950 t (2,900-long-ton) JS Ōryū submarine on October 4 2018. It is Japan's first submarine powered by lithium-ion batteries and was developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries . It
19312-497: Was eventually transferred to the newly formed Maritime Safety Agency , which helped maintain the resources and expertise of the navy. Japan's 1947 Constitution was drawn up after the conclusion of the war, which contained Article 9 , which specified that "The Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as a means of settling international disputes." The prevalent view in Japan
19454-438: Was laid down in 2012 and was launched on 6 August 2013. The submarine fleet of the JMSDF consists of some of the most technologically advanced diesel-electric submarines in the world. This is due to careful defense planning in which the submarines are routinely retired from service ahead of schedule and replaced by more advanced models. In 2010 it was announced that the Japanese submarine fleet would be increased in size for
19596-455: Was not deployment ready. Pentagon acquisition undersecretary Frank Kendall said of the report that, although its findings are factual, it ignored future capability upgrades for ASW and surveillance. A second squadron, VP-5 , completed its transition to the P-8 in August 2013. During mid-2014, a pair of P-8s were dispatched to Perth, Australia for two months for an international search for
19738-408: Was planned to be for at least 108 airframes for the USN. Project value is expected to be worth at least $ 15 billion. Raytheon , Northrop Grumman , Spirit AeroSystems , GE Aviation Systems , Marshall Aerospace and Defence Group , CFM International , BAE Systems, and Marotta are major subcontractors. In July 2004, the USN placed an order for five aircraft, and the first flight-test aircraft
19880-526: Was redesignated XP-1 at this time. By March 2010, Kawasaki Heavy Industries had delivered four XP-1 maritime patrol test aircraft to Japanese Ministry of Defense. The company stated its aim for type certification to be achieved in time for the formal delivery of the first two aircraft by the end of March 2012. In August 2011, the Japanese Ministry of Defense announced that two aircraft used for ground testing had developed tears in various parts of
20022-618: Was the third time Japanese military vessels had been dispatched overseas since World War II, following the deployments of mine-sweeping units during the Korean War and the Persian Gulf War . The law enabling the mission expired on 2 November 2007, and the operation was temporarily canceled due to a veto of a new bill authorizing the mission by the opposition-controlled upper chamber of the Japanese Diet . In January 2010,
20164-414: Was to be completed in 2009. On 30 March 2005, it was assigned the P-8A designation. The P-8 is to replace the P-3. Initially, it was equipped with legacy systems with later upgrades to incorporate newer technology. The Government Accountability Office credited the incremental approach with keeping the project on schedule and on budget. The Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) deleted the requirement for
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