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96-576: Albay (IPA: [ɐlˈbaɪ] ), officially the Province of Albay ( Central Bikol : Probinsya kan Albay ; Tagalog : Lalawigan ng Albay ; ᜎᜎᜏᜒᜄᜈ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜀᜎ᜔ᜊᜌ᜔ ), is a province in the Bicol Region of the Philippines , mostly on the southeastern part of the island of Luzon . Its capital (and largest city) is the city of Legazpi , the regional center of the whole Bicol Region , which

192-399: A tropical rainforest climate with copious amount of rainfall throughout the year. Legazpi has noticeably wetter and drier periods of the year. However, the city's driest month, April, still sees on average of over 150 millimetres (5.9 in) of precipitation per month. Similar to many other cities with this climate, temperatures are relatively constant throughout the course of the year, with

288-632: A boom from the late 1800s until the American period. Fishing is the main livelihood along both shores of the province. Tourism, especially related to Mayon Volcano, also creates income for Albay. For the year 2013, Albay had a total of 339,445 foreign tourist arrivals. In the December, 2023 Pili Fiesta, Director Marita A. Carlos of DOST-PCAARRD introduced technologies on pili (C. ovatum tree) production in Albay, Bicol Region . She aimed to promote pili as

384-464: A fast-growing tourism industry with focus on adventure tourism . The city government is promoting Legazpi as an ideal location for ICT - BPO businesses. In 2014, Legazpi's locally generated income reached Php338.2 million, with total income (including IRA ) at Php711.1 million. In the same year, Legazpi ranked first among cities in Bicol in terms of tax collection efficiency. Legazpi City

480-456: A flagship industry. Albay has three congressional districts encompassing its 18 municipalities and 3 component cities. Albay has 383.22 kilometers (238.12 mi) of national roads, mostly paved with asphalt, with 5.25 kilometers (3.26 mi) remaining unpaved. Maharlika Highway (N1/AH26) serves as the principal road connection between other provinces. Most of the province is served by secondary national roads , assigned route numbers in

576-788: A list of ICT hubs beyond Metro Manila identified by the Information Technology and Business Process Association of the Philippines and the Department of Science and Technology , based on a set of criteria such as worker supply, telecom infrastructure and other factors needed to sustain the BPO industry. Legazpi is aiming to attract more BPO firms to put up offices in the city. As of 2015 , BPO companies in Legazpi include One Half Philippines. The city currently has one IT park,

672-453: A mean annual average of 26.9 °C (80.4 °F). The coolest month is January with a daily mean of 25.3 °C (77.5 °F) and the hottest months are jointly May and June with a daily mean of 28.1 °C (82.6 °F). The all-time record high temperature was 37.7 °C (99.9 °F) on May 27, 1968, and the all-time record low temperature was 13.9 °C (57.0 °F) on February 28, 1971. Because of its geographical location on

768-536: A member of the expedition led by Maestro de Campo Mateo de Saz and Captain Martin de Goiti , led a group that crossed from Burias and Ticao islands and landed on a coastal settlement called Ibalon in what is now the province of Sorsogon . From this point, another expedition was sent to explore the interior and founded the town of Camalig . In 1573, Juan de Salcedo penetrated the Bicol Peninsula from

864-527: A number of loanwords, largely Spanish ones as a result of Spanish rule in the Philippines. These include swerte ( suerte , 'luck'), karne ( carne , 'meat'), imbestigador ( investigador , 'investigator'), litro ('liter'), pero ('but'), and krimen ( crimen , 'crime'). Another source of loanwords in Bikol is Sanskrit , with examples including words like bahala ('responsibility') and karma . There are 16 consonants in

960-481: A permanent 1000-room evacuation center in Barangay Homapon for citizens living within the "eight-kilometer extended danger zone" near the volcano Mayon . According to the 2020 census, the population of Legazpi is 209,533 people, with a density of 1,400/km or 3,600/sq mi. Legazpi had an average annual population growth of 1.86% between 2000 and 2007 according to the 2010 census. About 58 percent of

1056-406: A pubescent boy with uncommon comeliness that made savage beast and the vicious mermaids (Magindara) tame. He has deep affection towards Magindang, but plays with him by running away so that Magindang would never catch him. The reason for this is because he is shy to the man that he loves. If Magindang manages to catch Bulan, Haliya always comes to free him from Magindang's grip; Magindang , the god of

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1152-532: A rich set of discourse particles. There exist two types of numerals in Bikol: native Bikol and Spanish numerals. Generally, Bicolanos use the Spanish terms when referring to time, as in the phrase a las singko ('5 o'clock'). However, the native terms can be read in literary books. The Spanish numerals are often encountered in pricing. The angry register of Bikol, also known natively as tamanggot or rapsak ,

1248-427: A separate province with Sorsogon as the capital. In the 17th century, Moro slave raiders from the southern Philippines ravaged the northeastern coastal areas of the province of Albay. By the end of the 1700s, Albay had 12,339 native families and 146 Spanish Filipino families . Mayon Volcano , in one of its most violent eruptions, destroyed the five towns surrounding its base on February 1, 1814. This eruption forced

1344-462: A strong defense of the city. The American troops, headed by Brig. Gen. W.A. Kobbe , encountered heavy resistance from the Filipino forces who gallantly engaged them in a bloody fight on San Rafael Bridge that resulted in the death of 172 Filipinos including Reyes, who used only bolos . Another 12 Filipinos were injured while the American forces suffered only 12 injured infantrymen. To commemorate

1440-577: A total of 47 banks, with volume of bank deposits at Php35.4 billion. Legazpi Savings Bank, a thrift bank based in the city with eleven branches around the Bicol Region, was acquired by Robinsons Bank in 2012. The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas also has a branch in the city, along Rizal Street in Barangay Cabangan. Legazpi is recognized as one of the 'next wave cities' for business process outsourcing (BPO) . The next wave cities are

1536-805: Is also home to a number of retail establishments. Liberty Commercial Center, Inc. (LCC), a homegrown Albayano company established in nearby Tabaco City in 1945, operates a major mall (LCC Mall Legazpi), three supermarkets and five Expressmarts (grocery stores) in the city. Another notable mall is Pacific Mall Legazpi, the first full-sized mall in Bicol. Other malls in Legazpi include Embarcadero de Legazpi, A. Bichara Silverscreens and Entertainment Center, 101 Shopping Mall, Yashano Mall and Gregorian Mall. The city has also attracted investments from national retail chains including Metro Gaisano , SM Savemore , Robinsons Supermarket, Puregold , Ministop and 7-Eleven . Ayala Malls recently opened its Ayala Malls Legazpi – Liberty City Center . Meanwhile, SM City Legazpi ,

1632-420: Is classified as rural (18,431.66 hectares) while 10 percent is classified as urban (2,005.39 hectares). Legazpi's topography is generally plain on the northeastern areas, with slopes ranging from five to fifteen degrees. The southern areas have mostly rolling to hilly terrain. In the city's coastal areas, the terrain varies from plain (north) to hilly (south). Legazpi is criss-crossed by several rivers including

1728-592: Is generally mountainous with scattered fertile plains and valleys. On the eastern part of the province is a line of volcanic mountains starting with the northernmost Malinao in Tiwi, followed by Mount Masaraga and the free-standing Mayon Volcano . Separated by the Poliqui Bay is the Pocdol Mountains in the town of Manito . The stratovolcano of Mayon standing at around 2,462 metres (8,077 ft),

1824-670: Is located in the southern foothill of Mayon Volcano . The province was added to the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves in March 2016. Long before the Spaniards arrived, Albay had a thriving civilization. Formerly called Ibat , and then Libog , Albay was once ruled by Gat Ibal, an old chief who also founded the old barangay of Sawangan, now part of the City of Legazpi . Historian William Henry Scott wrote that in

1920-530: Is not used or which the origin is not from Albay. The languages in the province are very diverse which includes the languages of Albay Bikol group which comprises the languages of West Miraya , East Miraya, Libon and Buhinon . Of the four Albay Bikol languages , Buhinon is the only one not used in Albay but rather in Buhi, Camarines Sur . Rinconada Bikol is a minority language in the province and used by people in barangays of Libon and Polangui that are near

2016-532: Is often considered as the cause of eclipses, the devourer of the Sun and the Moon, and an adversary of Haliya as Bakunawa's main aim is to swallow Bulan, who Haliya swore to protect for all of eternity. Catholicism is the predominant religion in the province, affiliated by 96.1% of the men and 95.7% of the women of Albay. Each town has its own fiesta for their patrons and patronesses. Other religious denominations are

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2112-719: Is served by the Bicol International Airport in the municipality of Daraga , adjacent municipality of Legazpi City. The airport is the province's gateway from Manila and Cebu City in the Visayas. The province was formerly served by the now defunct Legazpi Airport . Albay is served by the mainline of the Philippine National Railways (PNR), and has commuter service between Naga in Camarines Sur . Trains to Manila (Tutuban),

2208-584: Is spoken in Legazpi , Tabaco and neighboring municipalities on the east side of Albay, and some parts of northern Sorsogon (especially in Sorsogon City ). The majority of the inhabitants also understand English and Filipino as second languages. Poverty incidence of Albay Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Agriculture is the main industry in Albay, which produces crops like coconut , rice , sugar and abacá . Handicrafts are

2304-529: Is spoken in the eastern coast of Albay and the northeastern part of Sorsogon. TLS is the dialect that has been most influenced by the Inland Bikol languages . The Daet dialect, on the other hand, is spoken in the second district of the province of Camarines Norte. The Virac dialect (or Viracnon language) is spoken around Virac, Catanduanes and surrounding towns on the southeastern part of the island of Catanduanes. Like other Philippine languages , Bikol has

2400-570: Is the ecclesiastical seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Legazpi . Poverty incidence of Legazpi Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Legazpi is a major economic hub in the Bicol Region . Economic activities in the city include agriculture, wholesale and retail trade, services, manufacturing and mining. Major sources of income include rice, root crops, and coconut. The city exports coconut oil , copra cake , perlite , and abaca products. The city also has

2496-420: Is the highest point of the province. It is the most famous landform in Albay and in the whole Bicol Region . This active volcano falls under the jurisdiction of eight municipalities and cities of Albay: Camalig , Daraga , Guinobatan , Legazpi City , Ligao City , Malilipot , Santo Domingo , and Tabaco City . The western coast of the province is mountainous but not as prominent as the eastern range with

2592-623: Is to develop more pro-active and disaster resilient communities. Specific disaster preparedness strategies in Albay and Legazpi include preemptive evacuation, 'zero casualty' policy, re-planning of the city's land use, mangrove reforestation, and the establishment of the Climate Change Academy as a training center for disaster risk management, evaluation of climate risk hazards and adaptive capabilities, planning, and programming. On March 12, 2018, Mayor Noel E. Rosal announced his administration's proposed plan to construct

2688-410: Is used when angry, shouting, or speaking in a high-pitched voice at someone. Some examples of the register include: Note: Legazpi, Albay Legazpi (IPA: [lɛˈgaspɪ] ), officially the City of Legazpi ( Central Bikol : Syudad nin Legazpi ; Filipino : Lungsod ng Legazpi ), is a 1st class component city and capital of the province of Albay , Philippines . According to

2784-480: The Bicol Region . In 1936, Don Antonio Regidor, who was born in Spain on November 24, 1891 pioneered Bicol Region ’s pilinut industry. He founded Central Pilinut Candy at Old Albay District, Barangay Pinaric, Legazpi City, Albay. In 2023, "Albay Pilinut Candy" is managed by his grandchild Audrey Rose Battung-Deocareza. [1] There were 5,055 business establishments in Legazpi as of 2014 . Most of these are located in

2880-524: The Doctrina de Cagsawa began to convert the area's population to Christianity . The village of Sawangan became more populous and progressive and the first parish priest, Fray Francisco de Santa Ana, OFM, built a wooden chapel with St. Gregory the Great as patron. Sawangan then became an independent parish and was called Misión de San Gregorio Magno de Sawangan . A bigger and more imposing church replaced

2976-935: The Filipino Army in the province. Following the Spanish–American War , the new colonial power the United States did not recognize the country's independence, which had been declared in June 1898, and the Americans subsequently acquired direct control of the country as a de facto colony, under the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1898) , over which the Filipinos had no say. During the Philippine–American War , Brigadier General William August Kobbé headed

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3072-648: The Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) has 2 percent of the province, other Protestant churches such as the Baptist Church , Methodist , other Evangelical Christians , Seventh-day Adventists , Mormons , Jehovah's Witnesses as well as Islam . Albay is home to several languages and host to different native languages of Bicol Region. Out of seven Bikol languages (excluding the Bisakol languages , which are Bisayan languages ), only Pandan Bikol of northern Catanduanes

3168-873: The Mataas shell scoop , which dates back to the Late Neolithic Period , found in Cagraray Island . The Mataas shell scoop was declared a National Cultural Treasure by the National Museum of the Philippines . Legazpi was originally a fishing settlement called Sawangan that occupied the mangrove swamps that is now the Legazpi Port, inhabited by fisher folk and farmers. In 1569, a Spanish expedition dispatched by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi led by Luis Enriquez de Guzman and Augustinian friar Alonso Jimenez first set foot in Albay. They arrived on

3264-552: The Mayon Limited , is suspended from November 2012. Four stations serve Polangui, Ligao, Guinobatan, and Legazpi, respectively. Download coordinates as: Central Bikol language Central Bikol features some vocabulary not found in other Bikol languages nor in other members of the Central Philippine language family like Tagalog and Cebuano . Examples are the words matua and bitis , which are

3360-576: The Rizal and Quezon provinces that are believed to be the home of Central Luzon languages such as Kapampangan in Pampanga and southern Tarlac , and Sambalic languages in Zambales province. Because of its broad geographic coverage as compared to other Bikol languages separated by islands and mountains, Central Bikol diverged into six dialects, which are still mutually comprehensible. The division of

3456-520: The 16th century. The nearby Sula Channel was used as a sanctuary by galleons during storms because of its sheltered inlet. In 1873, Legazpi was made a port of entry by a Royal Decree earlier issued in Madrid on May 18, 1872, and later promulgated by Governor-General Juan Alaminos y Vivar on December 3, 1874. Legazpi was declared a city for the first time under the Becerra Law of 1892. In 1894,

3552-408: The 2007 census, there were 208,640 households in the province with an average size of 5.22 persons, significantly higher than the national average of 4.99. Prior to colonization, the region had a complex religious system that involved various deities. These deities include: Gugurang, the supreme god who dwells inside of Mount Mayon where he guards and protects the sacred fire that his brother Aswang

3648-507: The 2020 census, it has a population of 209,533. Legazpi is the regional center and largest city of the Bicol Region and in Albay, in terms of population. It is the region's center of tourism, education, health services, commerce and transportation in the Bicol Region. The city is applying for a Highly Urbanized City (HUC). The city is composed of two districts, Legazpi Port and the Old Albay District. Mayon Volcano , one of

3744-458: The Academia de Santa Ines campus. Legazpi became a city for the second time on July 18, 1948, when Daraga and Legazpi were combined to constitute its territory under Republic Act No. 306; at that time, President Elpidio Quirino appointed Jose R. Arboleda as the first city mayor. But on June 8, 1954, Republic Act No. 993 was approved, recreating the two towns (Daraga and Legazpi) and the city

3840-597: The Americans split Legazpi into two separate towns, Legazpi and Albay (now Old Albay District), which became the provincial capital of Albay. In 1922, the town of Daraga was further split from the then municipality of Albay. On December 12, 1941, a few days after the attack on Pearl Harbor , Legazpi was occupied by forces of the Imperial Japanese Army , the purpose of which was to obtain control of local airstrips which could be used as forward bases by fighter aircraft for operations in central Luzon. Throughout

3936-529: The Bikol language: /m, n, ŋ, p, t, k, ʔ, b, d, ɡ, s, h, l, w~ʋ, ɾ, j~ʝ/ . Eight sounds are borrowed from loanwords: /f, v, ɲ, tʃ, dʒ, ʃ, ʒ, ʎ/ . The sound system of the language according to Mintz in 1971 is as follows. Native words exhibit a three-vowel system whose vowels can be noted as /a, i, u/ , with /u/ realized as [o] in the final syllable. Due to contact with Spanish, modern Central Bikol also has two marginal phonemes /e, o/ distinct from /i, u/ . Like many other Philippine languages , Bikol has

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4032-595: The Embarcadero IT Park, which offers about 8,000 call center seats that could provide jobs to some 24,000 agents in three shifts. Pioneering the business in the city is the Incubation Center of Southern Luzon Technological College Foundation Inc. (SLTCFI), which is an extension of Embarcadero's P1.8-billion IT Park, the very first IT ecozone in the Bicol region inaugurated in July 2009. As of 2015 ,

4128-535: The Iraya Zone, which was made up of the towns from Daraga to Libon . Each town was organized into sections of fifty men under the command of a lieutenant. During the Philippine Revolution on September 22, 1898, the provisional revolutionary government of Albay was formed with Anacieto Solano as provisional president. Major General Vito Belarmino , the appointed military commander, reorganized

4224-558: The Japanese occupation, resistance by Bicolano and local troops of the Philippine Commonwealth Army continued in the hills and mountains south of Legazpi. In January 1945, American and Filipino liberation forces, supported by Bicolano guerrillas, liberated Legazpi. However, the city suffered extensive aerial bombardment from US aircraft and many old buildings were destroyed including the old St. Raphael church and

4320-513: The Marcos dictatorship. Albay has a total land area of 2,575.77 square kilometres (994.51 sq mi), which makes it the 53rd biggest province. The province is bordered by the provinces of Camarines Sur to the north and Sorsogon to the south. To the northeast lies Lagonoy Gulf , which separates the province from Catanduanes . To the southwest of the province is the Burias Pass with

4416-550: The Matnog Ferry Terminal. On August 25, 2020, San Miguel Corporation announced that they will invest the project which will reduce travel time from Lucena to Matnog from 9 hours to 5.5 hours. Albay is the region's principal trans-shipment point with its ports: Tabaco International Port, Legazpi National Port, Pio Duran Provincial Port, and the Pantao Regional Port. Traveling to the province by air

4512-643: The National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (NDRRMC) as a model locality in implementing risk reduction management practices in the Philippines. On the provincial level, Albay has institutionalized disaster preparedness and disaster response by creating the Albay Public Safety and Emergency Management Office (APSEMO) in 1995. The APSEMO is tasked to design and implement a disaster risk management and reduction program. Its main objective

4608-799: The Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry. The city of Legazpi was named after Miguel López de Legazpi , the Basque Spanish conquistador who officially annexed the Philippine Islands to the Spanish Empire in 1565, and whose surname came from a town in Gipuzkoa , Spain . The area that is now Albay had a thriving civilization before the Spanish arrived. The Spanish explorers found densely populated settlements with an abundance of gold and provisions in

4704-503: The Philippines' most popular icons and tourist destinations, is partly within the city's borders. In 2018, Legazpi was ranked first in overall competitiveness among component cities by the National Competitiveness Council . The city also ranked first in infrastructure and second in economic dynamism . In the same year, Legazpi was also named "most business-friendly city" in the component city category by

4800-630: The Spanish Minister of the Ultramar promulgated a decree creating the combined city government (ayunamiento) of Legazpi, a merger of the towns of Albay (now Old Albay District) and Daraga with the territories of the former. On September 22, 1898, the Civil Governor of Albay, Angel Bascaran y Federic and the Spanish residents evacuated Albay. Subsequently, a revolutionary junta was organized by Don Anacieto Solano who later turned over

4896-681: The Tibu, Macabalo and Yawa rivers with a number of swampy areas, particularly in the urban district. To mitigate flooding in these low-lying areas, the local government has built an urban drainage and flood control system consisting of dikes, canals, sea walls and three pumping stations located in Barangays San Roque, Bay-Bay and Victory Village. Legazpi is politically subdivided into 70 barangays . Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios . Currently, there are 45 urban barangays and 25 rural barangays. Legazpi City features

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4992-410: The adjacent villages of Lamba, Rawis and Bigaa. In another decree, Montero named the town Legazpi, which was formally established on October 22 of the same year, in honor of no less than Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the first Governor General, who landed in the town's territories years before. The port of Legazpi served as anchorage for ships sailing to Nueva España (Mexico) beginning in the latter part of

5088-585: The beatification of St. Lorenzo Ruiz was held, the Pope also visited Baguio , Bacolod , Iloilo , Bataan , Cebu , and Davao . The Pope held a mass dedicated to farmers at the St. Gregory the Great Cathedral . Legazpi is on the eastern portion of the province of Albay bounded on the north by the municipality of Santo Domingo , on the east by Albay Gulf , on the west by the municipality of Daraga , and on

5184-454: The biggest locator in Embarcadero IT Park is Sutherland Global Services. There are 141 residential subdivisions and housing sites (132 privately owned, 9 government owned) in Legazpi. National and local real estate developers have also invested in the city. These include Vista Land (Camella Legazpi), Deca Homes, and Sunwestville Realty and Development Corp. (Eco Homes Bayshores Condominium). In 2015, Taft Property Ventures Development Corp.,

5280-429: The boundary of Bato and Iriga in Camarines Sur . Another primary language used in the province is Central Bikol which is the native tongue of the population on the eastern coast of the Bicol Peninsula . Both Albay Bikol languages and Rinconada Bikol are members of Inland Bikol group of languages while Central Bikol is a language member of Coastal Bikol . The Tabaco - Legazpi - Sorsogon dialect of Central Bikol

5376-694: The capture of Belarmino in 1901. Ola was later captured with about six hundred of his men. Following the December 12, 1941, Japanese invasion of Legazpi during the Second World War , the Kimura Detachment of the Imperial Japanese Army occupied Albay Province. The region was defended only by the Philippine Constabulary unit under the command of Major Francisco Sandico. During the Japanese Occupation,

5472-488: The chapel during the tenure of Fray Martin del Espiritu OFM in 1636 and Sawangan continued to thrive despite the Moro raids in the 1700s, a super typhoon in 1742, an earthquake in 1811, and other calamities. Sawangan was created a visita regular in 1605 and elevated as an independent town in 1616. On February 1, 1814, a catastrophic eruption of Mt. Mayon partially destroyed Sawangan and buried Cagsawa , Budiao and Camalig. The parish priest of Sawangan, Fray Pedro Licup, urged

5568-444: The city's central business district, the Legazpi Port District. Landco Business Park, the first master-planned commercial business district in the Bicol Region, opened in 2001. Thriving industries in Legazpi include coconut oil milling and production (Legaspi Oil Company – CIIF), construction aggregate quarrying, 'pinukpok' ( abaca fabric) production in Barangay Banquerohan, and organic fertilizer manufacturing. To further boost

5664-401: The city's population or 105,853 live in areas classified as urban while 42 percent or 76,348 live in rural areas. The city has a population density of 9 people per hectare (54 people per hectare in urban areas and 4 people per hectare in rural areas). Daytime population in Legazpi is estimated to reach 350,000 due to the daily influx of students, workers, entrepreneurs, and tourists. Legazpi is

5760-409: The coastal settlement called Ibalon in present-day Magallanes, Sorsogon after exploring the islands of Masbate , Ticao and Burias and proceeded inland as far as present-day Camalig, Albay . In July 1573, the conquistador Juan de Salcedo , grandson of Governor-General Legazpi, led another expedition from the north. They founded Villa Santiago de Libon (present-day Libon, Albay ) and reached

5856-470: The command to General Vicente Lukban , General-in-chief of Operations of the revolutionary government in the southern region. On January 23, 1900, American forces composed of three infantry companies equipped with powerful rifles and cannon landed on the shores of Albay Gulf to conquer Legazpi. They were met by 800 revolutionary Filipino troops headed by General Jose Ignacio Paua , Col. Antero Reyes, Captain Alvaro Nepomuceno, and Policarpio Pergone who put up

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5952-406: The dictatorship's governance. A killer shot him three times in front of his house in the early evening of August 21, 1985, and the government did not investigate his murder. He was later honored by having his name inscribed on the wall of remembrance at the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani (lit. Monument of Heroes), which honors the martyrs and heroes who fought to restore democracy in the wake of

6048-409: The eastern coast of the Philippines and the close proximity of Mayon Volcano , Legazpi is vulnerable to typhoons , sea level rise and volcanic eruptions . To mitigate the effects of climate change and improve the city's resilience against disasters, the city government has adopted a disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation strategy. The City Government of Legazpi was recognized by

6144-421: The establishment of new towns. The new settlement in Taytay grew larger and eventually became a township. Binanuahan was declared a visita or tributary of Taytay and the combined town became known as Albay Nuevo. In 1839, the settlers in Taytay started to erect a stone church designed by Gobernadorcillo Don Jose Ma. de Peñaranda, an architect, in consultation with Fray Jose Yagres, OFM. The structure would become

6240-400: The expedition that landed at the ports of Sorsogon, Bulan and Donsol . From there, the Americans marched to Legazpi and captured it. Although a civil government was established in Albay on April 26, 1901, Colonel Harry Hill Bandholtz , Commanding Officer of the Constabulary in the Bicol Region, said that General Simeon Ola , with a thousand men, continued to defy American authority after

6336-486: The highest elevation at around 490 metres (1,610 ft). Among these mountains are Mount Catburawan in Ligao and Mount Pantao in Oas . Albay comprises 15 municipalities/towns and three component cities ( Legazpi , Ligao and Tabaco ). The population of Albay in the 2020 census was 1,374,768 people,, making it the 20th most populous province in the country. It had a density of 530 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,400 inhabitants per square mile. Based on

6432-487: The island of Burias of Masbate province located about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) offshore. In 2016, an area of 250,000 hectares (620,000 acres) was declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve . The Albay Biosphere Reserve is home to 182 terrestrial plant species, of which 46 are endemic to the Philippines. Its marine waters and coastal area also provide habitat to five of the world's seven marine turtle species, as well as mangrove, seagrass and seaweed ecosystems. The province

6528-480: The language into different dialects is mainly because of the influence of other Bikol and non-Bikol languages surrounding the region. The Canaman dialect, despite being used only by a small portion of the population in Camarines Sur, is the standard form of Central Bikol used in literature, Catholic religious rites and mass media. Naga City dialect is spoken in the first, second, third districts (except in Del Gallego, where residents are mostly Tagalog speakers), and in

6624-427: The local economy, the city government is promoting the establishment of information technology (IT) parks and industrial estates such as the Embarcadero IT Park in Barangay Victory Village, City Light Industrial Park (CLIP) in Barangay Bogtong, Legazpi City Special Economic Zone in Barangay Banquerohan, Bicol Regional Agro-Industrial Center (BRAIC) and First Legazpi Industrial Estate, both in Barangay Homapon. The city

6720-532: The local epic called siday entitled "Bingi of Lawan", an Albay datu by the name of Dumaraog went to the Lakanate of Lawan (present-day Laoang , Northern Samar ) to ask for the hands of Bingi bringing with him 100 ships. Datu Hadi Iberein came from the Lakanate of Lawan. He was described by Scott as a “Samar datu by the name of Iberein was rowed out to a Spanish vessel anchored in his harbor in 1543 by oarsmen collared in gold; while wearing on his own person earrings and chains.” In July 1569, Luis Enriquez de Guzman ,

6816-399: The major source of rural income and comprises a fairly large share in the small-scale industries of the province. Forestry, cement production and paper-making are other sources of livelihood. The manufacture of abacá products such as Manila hemp , hats, bags, mats, furniture, home decors, and slippers is one of the main sources of income in the rural areas. Production of abaca fiber experienced

6912-528: The military general headquarters of the Commonwealth Army of the Philippines remained active from January 3, 1942, to June 30, 1946, and the 5th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary was established from October 28, 1944, to June 30, 1946, and stationed in Albay. Then came the clearing operations and anti-Japanese insurgency in the Bicol Peninsula , helped by the local Bicolano resistance. Some Bicolano guerrilla groups invaded around

7008-627: The most populous city in the province of Albay and in the Bicol Region. It comprises 14.8% of the total population of Albay. The main language spoken is Central Bikol . In addition, English and Filipino /Tagalog are also widely used and spoken. Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion in the city. Other religious denominations include Iglesia ni Cristo , Members Church of God International , Orthodoxy , Protestant churches such as Baptist , Methodist , Evangelical Christians , Seventh-day Adventist Church , Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints , Jehovah's Witnesses , and Islam . The city

7104-426: The municipal sanitation inspector of Ligao who was later also assigned to Oas. Known for his effectiveness, he had been awarded the 1983 Best Sanitary Inspector for Albay. However, this led the dictatorship's local administrators suspecting him of being a rebel sympathizer, because his close relationship with locals in far-flung barangays allowed him to move around fearlessly, and because he expressed disagreements with

7200-446: The north as far south as Libon , establishing the settlement of Santiago de Libon. Jose Maria Peñaranda, a military engineer, was made “ corregidor ” of the province on May 14, 1834. He constructed public buildings and built roads and bridges. The entire Bicol peninsula was organized as one province with two divisions, Camarines in the northwest and Ibalon in the southeast. In 1636, the two partido s were separated, and Ibalon became

7296-408: The people to suffer misfortunes and commit sins. Enemy of Gugurang and a friend of Bulan the god of the Moon; Haliya, the masked goddess of the moonlight and the archenemy of Bakunawa and protector of Bulan. Her cult is composed primarily of women. There is also a ritual dance named after her as it is performed to be a countermeasure against Bakunawa.; Bulan , the god of the pale moon, he is depicted as

7392-563: The present Cathedral of San Gregorio Magno in the Old Albay District. Meanwhile, those who returned to Sawangan established an ermita or chapel dedicated to the Archangel Raphael , whom they adopted as patron saint. This became the present church of St. Raphael the Archangel in the Legazpi Port district. On July 17, 1856, Governor General Ramon Montero signed a decree creating the township of Pueblo Viejo, out of Binanuahan and

7488-528: The province before liberation in 1945 by Allied forces. Oas , Albay, was one of the localities particularly harmed by the Dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos ; in the waning days of the dictatorship, Oas was hit by a series of political killings targeting those who dared to speak out against the abuses of the Military and against Ferdinand Marcos. The most prominent of the victims was Clemente Ragragio,

7584-636: The province of Albay during the Japanese Insurgencies between 1942 and 1944 and were supported by local Filipino troops under the Philippine Commonwealth Army and pre-war Philippine Constabulary 5th Infantry Regiments attacking the enemy soldiers of the Japanese Imperial Army. In the aftermath of three years of siege and conflicts, many Bicolano guerrillas were forced to retreat by the Japanese around

7680-547: The province. With a headquarters in the mountain of Guinobatan town, he joined the revolutionary government of Albay as a lieutenant in the infantry. A unit of the Philippine Militia was then organized by the Spanish military authorities. Mariano Riosa was appointed major of the Tabaco Zone, which comprised all the towns along the seacoast from Albay to Tiwi while Anacieto Solano was appointed major for

7776-422: The real estate arm of Gaisano Group , announced that it is building a condominium in Legazpi. Located on the southern foothills of the scenic Mount Mayon , the city has a flourishing tourism industry. The province of Albay, whose center of trade and commerce is in the city, recorded a 66 percent growth rate in tourist arrivals for 2013. In the same year, the city had a total of 263,568 foreign tourist arrivals,

7872-540: The residents to transfer to Makalaya (present-day Barangay Taysan) located on the slopes of Mt. Bariw. However, many residents decided to return to the lowlands and settled in Taytay (present-day Barangay Bagumbayan). Other survivors opted to return to the original location of Sawangan and established Binanuahan (Banuang Gurang) despite a decree by the Gobierno Superior signed on October 1, 1829, which prohibited

7968-499: The restructuring of local governments. On September 24, 1972, then President Ferdinand Marcos designated Legazpi as the administrative center of Bicol Region through the Integrated Reorganization Plan of 1972, the implementing framework of Presidential Decree No. 1. Pope John Paul II visited Legazpi on February 21, 1981, during his first apostolic journey to the Philippines. Aside from Manila where

8064-557: The same as the Kapampangan words meaning 'older' and 'foot, feet', respectively. The word banggi ('night') is another example of this as it is different from the usual Bikol word gab-i but closer to the word bengi of Kapampangan. There is no formal study on the relationship of the Central Luzon languages to Central Bikol but the latter has several words that are also found in the archaic form of Tagalog spoken in

8160-477: The sea and all its creatures. He has deep affection to the lunar god Bulan and pursues him despite never catching him. Due to this, the Bicolanos reasoned that it is to why the waves rise to reach the Moon when seen from the distant horizon. Whenever he does catch up to Bulan, Haliya comes to rescue Bulan and free him immediately; Okot , god of forest and hunting; and Bakunawa , a gigantic sea serpent deity who

8256-506: The second and largest SM Supermall in Bicol and the 71st in the Philippines, is located beside the Legazpi City Bus Terminal and opened on September 14, 2018. The city has two public markets: Legazpi City Public Market, a recipient of the 'Huwarang Palengke Award' in 2006, and Old Albay Public Market. The Ibalong Pasalubong Center has shops selling souvenirs and local handicrafts. As of December 2017, Legazpi had

8352-602: The series, namely Bicol-630 and Bicol-640 . Almost all of the cities and municipalities are connected by national roads, except for Rapu-Rapu . In order to spur development in the province, the Toll Regulatory Board declared Toll Road 5 the extension of South Luzon Expressway . A 420-kilometer, four lane expressway starting from the terminal point of the now under construction SLEX Toll Road 4 at Barangay Mayao, Lucena City in Quezon to Matnog , Sorsogon, near

8448-399: The settlement of Albaybay, whose name was subsequently shortened to 'Albay' or Pueblo de Albay . In 1616, Pueblo de Albay served as the capital of Partido de Ibalon, which included present-day Albay, Sorsogon, Masbate, parts of Camarines Sur and the islands of Catanduanes , Ticao and Burias. Spanish religious missionaries governed the settlement in the 1580s. In 1587, Franciscan friars of

8544-430: The south by the municipalities of Manito, Albay and Pilar and Castilla, Sorsogon . The city is located 527 kilometres (327 mi) south of Manila. From north to south, the city spans approximately 29 kilometers; from east to west, the narrowest portion is about 3 kilometers (urban district) while the widest is about 15 kilometers (southeast area). Legazpi has a total land area of 20,437 hectares, 90 percent of which

8640-609: The southern Bicol peninsula. Ancient inhabitants practiced rice cultivation, made fine gold jewelry and possessed silk, suggesting trade with China. American anthropologist Henry Otley Beyer found jars, stone tools and shells from 100 to 500 BC in Sorsogon and Albay. Meanwhile, ancient burial jars and pottery were also found in Hoyop-Hoyopan Cave in Camalig . Other evidences of pre-Hispanic civilization include

8736-433: The town of Cagsawa to relocate to its present site, Legazpi . A decree was issued by Governor-General Narciso Claveria in 1846 separating Masbate , Ticao , and Burias from Albay to form the comandancia of Masbate. Albay was then divided into four districts: Iraya , Cordillera or Tabaco , Sorsogon, and Catanduanes . Glicerio Delgado, a condemned insurecto (insurgent), started revolutionary activities in

8832-409: The valiant efforts of the revolutionary troops, a monument was built on the site of the former San Rafael Bridge. The swampy area where the bridge was located was reclaimed during the early 20th century and is now the intersection of Rizal Street and Quezon Avenue. Following their occupation of the city in 1900, the American occupiers cancelled Legazpi's city status. In 1908, after the war's conclusion,

8928-505: The western and eastern portions of the fourth district (Caramoan, Garchitorena, Presentacion, Siruma and Tinambac) of Camarines Sur. It is also spoken in San Pascual, Masbate (Burias Island) and the southwestern part of Catanduanes. The Partido dialect is spoken in the eastern part of Camarines Sur centered in the southern portion of the fourth districts (Goa, Lagonoy, Sagñay, San Jose, and Tigaon). The Tabaco-Legazpi-Sorsogon (TLS) dialect

9024-407: Was dissolved. Finally, on June 12, 1959, Legazpi became a city for the third time under Republic Act no. 2234. Amendments were introduced under R.A. 5525. Presidential Decree 125 issued on February 23, 1973, declared the town of Daraga as part of the territorial jurisdiction of the city. This decree, however, was not implemented with the onset of the Integrated Reorganization Plan, which involved

9120-720: Was recognized as the most business-friendly city in Southern Luzon in 2007 by the Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry. In 2014, the city was ranked second among the top three livable cities in the Philippines in the Livable Cities Design Challenge organized by the National Competitiveness Council (NCC) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation . The Department of Agriculture -Bicol's data notes that 90% of Philippines' pili plantation-production comes from

9216-458: Was trying to steal. Whenever people disobey his orders, wishes and commit numerous sins, he would cause Mount Mayon to burst lava as a sign of warning for people to mend their crooked ways. Ancient Bikolanos had a rite performed for him called Atang. Asuang, the evil god who always tries to steal the sacred fire of Mount Mayon from his brother, Gugurang. Addressed sometimes as Aswang, he dwells mainly inside Mount Malinao. As an evil god, he would cause

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